S Y L L A B U S
TITLE: ANTH 415 Ecological Anthropology
(Theory) 3 credits
TIME: 10:30-11:45 a.m., Tuesdays and Thursdays
Fall Semester 2006
PLACE: Saunders Hall 345, University of Hawai`i @ Manoa
INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Les Sponsel, Professor
Director, Ecological Anthropology Program
Office: Saunders Hall 317
Office hours: 1:00-4:00 p.m., Thursdays
Office phone: 956-8506
Email: sponsel@hawaii.edu
Homepage: www.soc.hawaii.edu/sponsel
ORIENTATION:
“True security rests on a supportive and sustainable ecological base, on spiritual as well as material well-being, on trust and reliance in one’s neighbors, and on justice and understanding in a disarmed world” (Frank Barnaby, ed., 1988, The Gaia Peace Atlas, New York, NY: Doubleday, p. 212).
"A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community. It is wrong when it tends otherwise" (Aldo Leopold, 1949, "The Land Ethic" A Sand County Almanac, New York: Oxford University Press, p. 262).
Ecological anthropology is a mature topical specialization that crosscuts the five subfields of anthropology and has its own separate unit within the American Anthropological Association, journals (Human Ecology, Journal of Ecological Anthropology, Ecological and Environmental Anthropology, etc.), textbooks, listserv, and so on. UH undergraduate and graduate students may specialize in this subject through the Ecological Anthropology Program in which 415 is the required core course (www.soc.hawaii.edu/Sponsel).
Ecological anthropology explores how culture influences the dynamic interactions between human populations and the ecosystems in their habitat through time. This semester the course successively surveys the following five major approaches: primate ecology, cultural ecology, historical ecology, political ecology, and spiritual ecology. Each of these approaches will be critically analyzed through an overview PowerPoint lecture drawing on the penultimate draft of the instructor’s textbook and also through one or more particular case studies including some from the instructor’s fieldwork in the Venezuelan Amazon and Thailand. Videos and student panel discussions of case study books will also illustrate each of these approaches. Secondary themes are Hawai`i, global environmental change, and the relationships between biological and cultural diversity.
Anth 200 Cultural Anthropology and a basic course in biology or ecology are prerequisites for this course.
FORMAT:
A diversity of venues will be used to survey ecological anthropology including lectures, videos, class discussion, and panel discussions. Assigned readings will be discussed in small groups each led by a graduate student facilitator followed by discussion with the class as a whole coordinated by the instructor. Some discussions may be held online instead of in a class meeting.
Note that the panel work comprises 40% of the final grade; thus, it is a very important component of the course. Also, the panel is a vital part of the active and collaborative learning approach in this class. (If any student does not wish to participate in the team work required for a panel, then she or he can negotiate with the instructor to develop a mutually acceptable alternative for an equivalent individual project).
This course is designated as Writing Intensive. Thus, the instructor will comment on the style as well as contents of written exercises. Grammatical and spelling errors will also be noted if serious and repetitive, although students should regularly use the grammar and spelling checks on their word processor for essays.
OBJECTIVES:
This course aims to help students explore and become familiar with these six topics in particular:
1. five primary approaches in current ecological anthropology and the key concepts and principles of each in historical perspective;
2. practical environmental problems and issues as well as environmental discourses as viewed from the perspective of these approaches;
3. the pivotal role of culture in human ecology, adaptations, maladaptations, environmental change, and environmental concerns;
4. how people culturally conceptualize, manipulate, transform, and humanize their natural environments over time;
5. ecological thinking and the larger context of the development of ecology and environmentalism; and
6. key resource materials such as books, encyclopedias, periodicals, bibliographies, videos, and web sites.
GRADE:
The final course grade will be based on the following:
1. one take-home quiz (one page only, typed single-spaced) on each of the second through fifth approaches covering the corresponding lectures, discussions, videos, assigned readings, and other course materials due on October 10, November 2, 30, and December 12 (20%);
2. a panel discussion of a book as a case study and a final co-authored summary essay (10 pages, typed double-spaced), latter due December 12 (panel 25%, essay 15%);
3. two essays (5 pages each, typed double-spaced) for a final take-home examination reflecting on the course as a whole and drawing on the quiz essays due December 12 (30%); and
4. regular, active, and meaningful participation in class discussion, especially for the scheduled required reading assignments(10%).
To summarize, the final course grade is based on four quizzes, one panel discussion together with a follow-up co-authored essay, two final exam essays, and class attendance and participation. Students who are not inclined to actively participate in class discussions should drop the course.
Note that the questions and instructions for both the quizzes and the final examination are included in this syllabus so that self-disciplined students may work on it throughout the entire semester. Students should take advantage of this opportunity rather than procrastinate until the semester nears an end. Furthermore, the essays comprising the four quizzes should provide a foundation for gradually drafting the final examination throughout the semester. These are all take-home exercises and thus open book which should relieve some pressure. Moreover, it is more realistic than memorizing for surprise questions to be answered within a restricted time in class.
Student work will be evaluated for:
1. general knowledge of all required readings assignments and of all material presented and discussed in class:
2. clear, concise, logical, analytical, and critical thinking;
3. achieving the six objectives of the course: and
4. regular and active participation in class discussion.
Undergraduate and graduate student work will be graded separately, and a higher quality and quantity is expected for the latter. Graduate students are also expected to undertake extra readings of their choice in pursuing their own special topical and regional interests. In addition, graduate students will each lead subgroups of the class in discussions of the readings.
Class attendance will be taken regularly. Students are expected to attend every single class meeting throughout the entire semester, unless a convincing written excuse is provided such as from a medical doctor. Every three unapproved absences will result in the lowering of the final course grade by one letter grade. Students are expected to arrive at class on time and remain attentive throughout the entire period (that is, no sleeping, regular conversation, reading newspapers, and the like). Any students who wish to sleep or to carry on private conversations should do so outside of the classroom to avoid distracting other students and the instructor. In short, like the instructor, students are expected to take this class seriously. Anyone who does not is wasting the time of other students and the instructor; thus, they should drop the course immediately instead of waiting for a poor or failing grade at the end of the semester.
Students are required to be open minded as well as courteous and professional in class. Any student can say anything as long as it is relevant, concise, and polite. Being concise is important because the time in class is very limited and everyone who wishes should have an opportunity to contribute to discussion, rather than one or a few persons dominating the class for an entire semester. The ideals of freedom and democracy apply in this class, even if they are restricted elsewhere. Ideally the university is a place to open minds rather than close them.
Extra credit may be earned by writing a one-page reaction (not summary) to a video, journal article, book chapter, lecture, or panel discussion from any of the material covered in the syllabus or class. Five high quality extra credit papers can make the difference for a borderline course grade, while ten such papers can elevate the grade to the next level. Other alternatives for more extra credit include writing a review of an extra book or a research report, but in any case the specifics have to be approved by the instructor in advance. Thus, in principle, with enough high quality work any student can earn an A in this course.
TEXTBOOKS AND OTHER READINGS:
Every student is required to thoroughly read and critically discuss in class each of these four textbooks.
Marten, Gerald G., 2003, Human Ecology: Basic Concepts for Sustainable Development, London, UK: Earthscan Publications Ltd. (New at UH Bookstore $32.50, at Amazon.com $29.95, used at UH Bookstore $24.70, at Amazon.com $16). GF 75 .M37 2001
Merchant, Carolyn, 2005, Radical Ecology: The Search for a Sustainable World (Second Edition), New York, NY: Routledge. (New $22.95, $22.95, used 1745, $14.71). [Be sure to use the Second Edition].
Moran, Emilio F., 2006, People and Nature: An Introduction to Human Ecological Relations, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing (new $27.95, $27.95).
Townsend, Patricia K., 2000, Environmental Anthropology: From Pigs to Policies, Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, Inc. (New $12.50, $11.50, used $9.50, $8). QH 541 .T68 2000
Note that the prices quoted above are from Amazon.com. Outside online orders will add shipping and handling charges, but used copies may still be cheaper.
The regular four textbooks should be available in the UH Bookstore for anyone who may wish to purchase one or more of them. Furthermore, the UH Bookstore now makes available purchases online: http://www.bookstore.hawaii.edu.
These textbooks may also be available through local bookstores (e.g., Borders, Barnes and Noble) or an internet bookseller. Some internet booksellers are:
Students may reduce the cost of texts by purchasing used copies, reselling them at the end of the semester to the bookstore, and/or sharing them.
In addition, some book chapters and journal articles will be assigned. Numerous other resources are recommended in the full Schedule of this syllabus. Students are encouraged to occasionally read journal articles or book chapters, view extra videos, and explore web sites recommended in the syllabus and during classes. The bibliography in Part II of this syllabus was assembled mainly from the Anthropology Index Online and Abstracts in Anthropology through the Hawai`i Voyager at Hamilton Library, the AnthroSource of the American Anthropological Association, and the instructor’s files.
Note that the list of required readings is concentrated on certain dates when the entire class period will be devoted to their discussion rather than spread out evenly throughout the schedule in the syllabus (see “Reading Assignments”). Accordingly, students should plan and read ahead to cover the material gradually in a manageable way instead of waiting until the last moment to try to read everything in preparation for class discussion on the specified day.
Students who take advantage of as many of the resources provided in this course as feasible will obtain a systematic and thorough overview of the subject; those who do not are short-changing their own education and future. Students who are not prepared to make a substantial investment of time and effort in this course should drop it immediately, rather than wait until the end of the semester to receive a poor grade or even fail.
If any student feels the need for reasonable accommodations because of the impact of a disability, then they should contact the KOKUA Program in QLCSS 013 (phones 956-7511 or 956-7612), or speak to the instructor in private to discuss specific needs. The instructor is quite willing to collaborate with any student and KOKUA about access needs related to a documented disability.
Students can avoid getting lost among the trees in the forest of the schedule, readings, and other course materials by keeping in focus the specific pivotal question and primary issue identified under each of the five approaches. Also before presenting the full Schedule, here is a brief summary of the syllabus so far, this followed by a brief schedule of topics and a list of reading assignments.
Note that this syllabus and related materials are available on the instructor’s homepage under Courses under 415: http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/Sponsel.
SUMMARY:
This course surveys five primary approaches in ecological anthropology to studying how culture influences the interaction between humans and nature: primate, cultural, historical, political, and spiritual ecology.
Most approaches will be covered through a combination of a background video, overview lecture with PowerPoint, case study from the instructor’s research presented as an illustrated lecture, class discussion of assigned readings, and student panel discussion of a set of related book-length case studies.
Four textbooks and in addition a few selected articles and book chapters are required as reading.
The final grade for the course will be based on four quizzes and a final examination composed of two take-home essays that are already identified at the end of the syllabus, a panel discussion and co-authored follow-up written report, and class attendance and participation.
Detailed guidelines for quizzes, panels, and the final examination are provided toward the end of the syllabus before Part II.
SCHEDULE (brief):
INTRODUCTION
8/22 T Orientation, video: Yepi
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I. BACKGROUND
8/24 Th Lecture: Ecocide or Ecosanity?
8/29 T Video: Maoli No: Truly Native (Hawai`i)
8/31 Th Class discussion
9/5 T Discussion: Fundamental of Ecology, video: Population
9/7 Th Discussion
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II. PRIMATE ECOLOGY
9/12 T Lecture: Why Aren’t Humans Chimpanzees?
9/14 Th Case: Coconut Picking Monkeys of southern Thailand
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III. CULTURAL ECOLOGY
9/19 T Video: Ecology of Mind
9/21 Th Lecture: A Part Of and Apart From Nature
9/26 T Case: Indigenous Adaptations to Poor Ecosystem in Amazon
9/28 Th Case: Wildlife Use by Buddhists and Muslins in Thailand
10/3 T Discussion
10/5 Th Panel 1
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IV. HISTORICAL ECOLOGY
10/10 T Video: Ahuapua`a Fishponds and Lo`i (Hawai`i), Quiz 1
10/12 Th Lecture: Is Human Nature Anti-Nature?
10/17 T Discussion
10/19 Th Case: Thailand and Estonia
10/24 T Panel 2
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V. POLITICAL ECOLOGY
10/26 Th Video: Mini-Dragons: Thailand
10/31 T Lecture: Ecosanity, Social and Environmental Justice
11/2 Th Case: Gold and Yanomami in Amazon,video: Contact, Quiz 2
11/7 T Holiday
11/9 Th Discussion
11/14 T Panel 3
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VI. SPIRITUAL ECOLOGY
11/16 Th Video: Mauna Kea: Temple Under Siege (Hawai`i)
11/21 T Lecture: Religion and the Ecocrisis
11/23 Th Holiday
11/28 T Discussion
11/30 Th Case: Monks, Caves, Bats and Forests in Thailand, Quiz 3
12/5 T Panel 4
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CONCLUSION
12/7 Th Discussion
12/12 T Quiz 4, panel essay (co-authored), and
final examination (two essays) due by noon
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READING ASSIGNMENTS:
INTRODUCTION
8/22 Explore: http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/Sponsel
I. BACKGROUND
8/24 none - but read ahead
8/29 none - but read ahead
8/31 Marten Preface & 1, Merchant Introduction, 1-2, Moran Preface & 1, Townsend Preface & 1
9/5 Marten 2-3, Townsend 9
9/7 Marten 4-8
II. PRIMATE ECOLOGY
9/12 Select two articles on ethnoprimatology from the journal
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology volume 2, number 2
http://www.uga.edu/eea/
9/14 none - but read ahead
III. CULTURAL ECOLOGY
9/19 none - but read ahead
9/21 Thomas Abel, and John Richard Stepp, 2003, “A New Systems Ecology for Anthropology,” Conservation and Ecology 7(3):12.
http://www.ecologyandsociety.org
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1997,“Ecological Anthropology,” in The Dictionary of Anthropology, Thomas Barfield, ed., Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, pp. 305-307 [handout].
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2006, “Julian H. Steward,” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 5:2128-2130. http://www.sagepub.com
9/26 none - but read ahead
9/28 none - but read ahead
10/3 Marten 9, Moran 4-5, Townsend 2-4, 8, & 10
10/5 none - but read ahead
IV. HISTORICAL ECOLOGY
10/10 none but read ahead
10/12 William Balee, 1998, “Historical Ecology: Premises and Postulates,” in Advances in Historical Ecology, W. Balee, ed., New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 13-29, at:
http://www.earthscape.org/r3/ES14449/balee.html
Kent H. Redford, 1990 (Summer), “The Ecologically Noble Savage,” Orion Nature Quarterly 9(3):24-29 (reprinted in Cultural Survival Quarterly 1991, 15(1):46-48. [handout].
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2001, “Human Impact on Biodiversity, Overview,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego: Academic Press, 3:395-409 [handout].
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2005, “Noble Savage and the Ecologically Noble Savage,” Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, Bron R. Taylor, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Thommes Continuum Press 2:1210-1212 [handout].
10/17 Moran 2-3, Townsend 5-6
10/19 Leslie E. Sponsel, 1998, “The Historical Ecology of Thailand: Increasing Thresholds of Human Environmental Impact from Prehistory to the Present,” in Advances in Historical Ecology, William Balee, ed., New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 376-404 at: http://www.earthscape.org/r3/ES14449/balee.html
10/24 none - but read ahead
V. POLITICAL ECOLOGY
10/26 none - but read ahead
10/31 James B. Greenberg and Thomas K. Park, 1994, “Political Ecology,” Journal of Political Ecology 1(1):1-12 at:
http://www.library.arizona.edu/ej/jpe/jpeweb.html
http://www.library.arizona.edu/ej/jpe/volume_1/Foreword.PDF
Paul E. Little, 1999, “Environmentalists and Environmentalisms in Anthropological Research: Facing a New Millennium,” Annual Review of Anthropology 28:253-284 at:
http://uhmanoa.lib.hawaii.edu (Basic Search > Annual Review of Anthropology > Current Issues > October 1999 v. 28 > Paul E. Little > Full Text > PDF).
Michael Renner, 2002, “The Anatomy of Resource Wars,” Worldwatch Paper 162, pp. 1-91.
http://www.worldwatch.org
11/2 Leslie E. Sponsel, 2006, “Yanomamo,” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 5:2347-2351. http://www.sagepub.com(click on Anthropology, then on Encyclopedia of Anthropology)
11/7 none - but read ahead
11/9 Merchant 3, 6-8
11/14 none - but read ahead
VI. SPIRITUAL ECOLOGY
11/16 none - but read ahead
11/21 none - but read ahead
11/23 none - but read ahead
11/28 Marten 9, Merchant 4-5, Townsend 7-8
Bron Taylor, 2005, “Introduction and Reader’s Guide,” The Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, B. Taylor, Editor-in-Chief, New York: Continuum Press (and link in essay to “Religious Studies and Environmental Concern.”) at:
http://www.religionandnature.com (Click on “Introduction and Reader’s Guide”).
Gary Gardner, December 2002, “Invoking the Spirit: Religion and Spirituality in the Quest for a Sustainable World,” Worldwatch Paper #164 at:
http://www.worldwatch.org/pubs/paper/164/
11/30 none - but read ahead
12/5 none - but read ahead
CONCLUSION
12/7 Marten 10-12, Merchant 9, Conclusion, Moran 6-8,
Townsend 10-12
12/12 Final Examination and Panel Essay due by noon
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GUIDELINES FOR PANEL DISCUSSION
1. PANEL SIZE AND COORDINATION The optimum size for a student panel is around three to four individuals, a smaller or larger number is awkward. One member of the panel should volunteer or be elected to serve as its coordinator. The coordinator should make a list of the names and email addresses of all members of the panel in order to set up a group email to facilitate effective communication and coordination of the panel as a whole.
2. THREE MEETINGS Each panel should meet outside of class at least three times, the third time as a rehearsal. It is important for the panel to rehearse the presentation before it is given in class in order to work out any problems, gauge time (one hour), and make it run as smoothly as possible. In effect, panel meetings outside of class should be like a small seminar on the subject under consideration as part of the active and collaborative learning style emphasized in this course.
3. INSTRUCTOR FEEDBACK The second meeting of the panel should be held with the instructor in order to report on the panel’s plans for the contents and delivery of its presentation. Ideally this meeting should be scheduled during the instructor’s office hours (Thursday afternoons) and involve as many of the members of the panel as possible.
4. WHOLE BOOK The members of each panel should dialog among themselves in person and by email to identify the author’s argument (thesis) and three to five main points to explore in class discussion for the book(s)covered. In this presentation panel members should engage together in a conversation about their collective and individual conclusions regarding the book(s), perhaps focusing on each of the three to five common main points in turn. Avoid each panelist simply summarizing successive chapters in turn if only one book is covered. The book as a whole should be discussed. Thus, every panelist should read the entire book covered, not just one chapter to summarize. (The author of an academic book usually identifies the argument and main points in a preface, introduction, and/or
conclusion).
5. IDEAS AND DELIVERY The panel should keep its presentation simple, just focus on discussing the argument and three to five main points identified for the book as a whole. Try to accomplish this in a manner that attracts and holds the attention of the class. In other words, both the ideas and their delivery are important for an effective presentation.
6. RECOMMENDED BOOKS FOR PANEL Any of the books listed in this syllabus under the different approaches are relevant; however, these are especially recommended:
Nancy J. Turner, 2005, The Earth’s Blanket: Traditional Teachings for Sustainable Living, Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press [cultural ecology]. (This book is not available in Hamilton Library, thus it would have to be obtained through Interlibrary Loan or purchase from Amazon.com or another source).
John Culliney, 2006, Islands in a Far Sea: The Fate of Nature in Hawai`i, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai`i Press (Second Edition) [historical ecology]. QH198 .H3 C85 2006
James David Fahn, 2003, A Land on Fire: The Environmental Consequences of the Southeast Asian Boom, Boulder, CO: Westview Press [political ecology]. ASIA HC441 .Z9 E538 2003
Deborah B. Rose, 1992, Dingo Makes Us Human: Life and Land in an Australian Aboriginal Culture, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press [spiritual ecology]. GN667 .Y37 R67 1992
Note:
Illustrations for constructing PowerPoint presentations for the panel may be found by searching “Images” on these web sites:
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QUIZZES
QUESTIONS
1. CULTURAL ECOLOGY How can humans be simultaneously a part of nature and apart from nature? (Due October 10 Tuesday).
2. HISTORICAL ECOLOGY Is human nature anti-nature? (Due November 2 Thursday).
3. POLITICAL ECOLOGY Could genuine social and environmental justice restore ecosanity? (Due November 30 Thursday).
4. SPIRITUAL ECOLOGY Is religion the final answer to the ecocrisis? (Due December 12 Tuesday)
GUIDELINES
Each quiz answer should be a clear and concise but penetrating essay. Limit your answer to one page typed single-spaced. (The instructor will not read more than the one page).
Include introductory and concluding paragraphs.
Identify by number 3-5 main points from the class coverage of the particular approach in question. Also comment on the main issue identified in the syllabus for that approach.
Instead of quotes use paraphrasing.
Cite several readings from the course textbooks and other sources including lecture, video, case studies, web sites, class discussion, and panel. In each reading citation include the author, year, and page (for example, Townsend 2000:30-31). Other sources can be documented as follows: (lecture Oct. 10), (panel), (discussion Oct. 13), or (video title). It is not necessary to provide a bibliography with the full citation of sources if they are already in the syllabus.
The purpose of the quiz is to convincingly demonstrate your familiarity with the course material, present a critical analysis of it, and discuss your own reactions to it. Your grade will be based on this purpose plus the grading criteria and course objectives listed earlier in the syllabus. In grading the instructor will emphasize content and style, but also make corrections for any serious and repetitive grammatical and spelling errors. However, you should routinely perform a grammar and spelling check with your own computer.
Quizzes will not be accepted by email or fax, they must be handed to the instructor at the end of the class period in which they are due. One letter grade will be subtracted for each class period that a quiz is late.
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FINAL EXAMINATION
Your answers for the final examination are due by noon on December 12th, Tuesday, in the instructor's mailbox in Saunders Hall 346. Late papers can not be accepted. Also papers can not be accepted by email or fax.
Please answer both of these TWO questions:
1. Write a critical book review on one of the these four course textbooks: Marten, Merchant, Moran, or Townsend. (Be sure to check an issue of a journal like Human Ecology to see examples of book reviews, but avoid reading any published review on the book in question until after you have read the book and drafted your own review).
2. Write an essay focused on FOUR conclusions that you have drawn from your comparative analysis of the case studies of the various approaches to ecological anthropology discussed by all panels in class during this semester. Your essays in answer to the four quizzes should provide a foundation for gradually drafting this essay throughout the semester.
Around FIVE pages (typed double-spaced) should be sufficient for each essay, although some students may need or prefer a little more space.
Be sure to start each essay with an introduction and end it with a conclusion. Include subheadings in the text of the essay. Cite sources in the text of your essay (e.g., Darwin 1871: 25) and include full citations in the bibliography. (See the Moran textbook for a standard format for citations).
Ultimately your final answers must be the product of your own individual scholarship and creativity. Any plagiarism will be rewarded with an automatic F for the final course grade and reported to the office of the Dean. However, you are welcome to consult with any individual as well as print and internet resources, although covering the required readings for the course is by far the most important. Just be careful to properly acknowledge the source for very specific information, ideas, and the like, including personal communications (e.g., Franz Boas, personal communication). Be sure to include your own insights, comments, reactions, and criticisms.
The instructor is willing to comment on an outline, draft, or other initiative in developing your answers to these two questions. You can contact the instructor during his office hours (1:00-4:00 pm Thursdays, Saunders 317), by email (sponsel@hawaii.edu), or phone (956-8507).
Remember, if you wish to have your final examination and any other papers to be returned to you, then be sure to include a self-addressed and stamped envelope of adequate size when you turn them in.
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SELECTED REFERENCE BOOKS
Allen, Craig W., and Robert McClenaghan, eds., 2000, Encyclopedia of Environmental Issues, Hackensack, NJ: Salem Press, Inc. Ref GE 10 .E52 2000.
Amit, Vered, ed., 2004, Biographical Dictionary of Social and Cultural Anthropology, New York, NY: Routledge. Ref GN20 .B56 2004
Ashworth, William, 1991, Encyclopedia of Environmental Studies, New York, NY: Facts on File. QH540.4 .A84 1991
Barfield, Thomas, ed., 1997, The Dictionary of Anthropology, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers. Ref GN 307 .E525 1996
John Barry, and E. Gene Frankland, 2002, International Encyclopedia of Environmental Politics, New York, NY: Routledge. Ref GE 170 .I55 2002.
Beacham, Walter, ed., 1993, Beacham’s Guide to Environmental Issues and Sources, Washington, D.C.: Beacham Publishing, Inc. Ref GE 115 .B43 1993
Beecher, Anne, 1998, Biodiversity: A Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. Ref QH 541.15 .B435 1998
Beecher, Anne, 2000, American Environmental Leaders: From Colonial Times to the Present, Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. Ref GE 55 .B43 2000
Birx, H. James, ed., 2006, Encyclopedia of Anthropology, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Ref GN11 .E63 2006
http://www.sagepub.com (Click on Anthropology and then on Encyclopedia of Anthropology)
Collett, Jonathan, and Stephen Karakashian, eds., 1996, Greening the College Curriculum: A Guide to Environmental Teaching in the Liberal Arts, Washington, D.C.: Island Press. Ref LC 1023 .G74 1996
Cunningham, William P., et al., 1994, Environmental Encyclopedia, Washington, D.C.: Gale Research, Inc. Ref GE10 .E58 1994
Doyle, Kevin, et al., eds., 1999, The Complete Guide to Environmental Careers in the 21st Century, Washington, D.C.: Island Press. Ref GE 60 .D69 1999
Eblen, Ruth A., and William R. Eblen, eds., 1994, The Encyclopedia of the Environment, Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co. Ref GE 10 .E53 1994
Frank, Irene, and David Brownstone, 1992, The Green Encyclopedia, New York, NY: Macmillan. Ref GE 10 .F73 1992
Goudie, Andrew S., and David J. Cuff, eds., 2002, Encyclopedia of Global Change: Environmental Change and Human Society, New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Ref GE 149 .E47 2002
Groombridge, Brian, and Martin D. Jenkins, 2002, World Atlas of Biodiversity: Earth’s Living Resources in the 21st Century, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Ref QH 77 .I5 .A85 1995
Heywood, V.H., Executive Editor, 1995, Global Biodiversity Assessment, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Gov Doc UNEP G51/4
Levin, Simon Asher, 2001, Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Ref QH 541.15 .B56 E53 2001
Levinson, David, Editor-in-Chief, 1991-1996, Encyclopedia of World Cultures, Boston, MA: G.K. Hall, GN 307 .E53 1991.
Levinson, David, and Melvin Ember, eds., 1996, Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology, New York, NY: Henry Holt and Co. Ref GN 307 .E52 1996
Merideth, Robert, 1993, The Environmentalist’s Bookshelf: A Guide to the Best Books, New York, NY: G.K. Hall & Co. GF 41 .M45 1993
Miller, Joseph A., et al., 1993, The Island Press Bibliography of Environmental Literature, Washington, D.C.: Island Press. QH 541 .I85 1993
Mongillo, John, and Bibi Booth, eds., 2001, Environmental Activists, Westport, CT: Greenwood. Ref GE55 .E57 2001
Mongillo, John, and Linda Zierdt-Warshaw, eds., 2000, Encyclopedia of Environmental Sciences, Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press. Ref GE10 .M66 2000
Munn, Ted, Editor-in-Chief, 2002, Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons. Ref GE149 .EA43 2002
Nelissen, Nico, Jan van der Straaten, and Leon Klinkers, eds., 1997, Classics in Environmental Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands: International Books. GF 8 .C52 N4 1997
Paehlke, Robert, ed., 1995, Conservation and Environmentalism: An Encyclopedia, New York, NY: Garland Publishing Co. Ref GE 10 .C68 1995
Papadakis, Elim, 1998, Historical Dictionary of the Green Movement, Landham, MD: Scarecrow Press, Inc. Ref GE 195 .P36 1998
Palmer, Joy A., ed., 2001, Fifty Key Thinkers on the Environment, New York, NY: Routledge.
Ritter, Don, 1992, Ecolinking: Everyone’s Guide to Online Environmental Information, Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. TD 170.2 .R57 1992
Taylor, Bron R., Editor-in-Chief, 2005, Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, New York, NY: Thoemmes Continuum. Ref BL 65 .N35 2005 http://www.religionandnature.com
The Student Conservation Association, 1997, The Guide to Graduate Environmental Programs, Washington, D.C.: Island Press. Ref GE 80 .G85 1997
Warren, Thomas Reid, 1995, Encyclopedia of Bioethics, New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, Macmillan. Ref QH 332 .E52 1995
Wells, Edward R., and Alan M. Schwartz, 1997, Historical Dictionary of North American Environmentalism, Landham, MD: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. Ref GE 10 .W45 1997
Young, Peter C., ed., 1993, Concise Encyclopedia of Environmental Systems, New York, NY: Pergamon. Ref GE10 C66 1993
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SYLLABUS APPENDIX - FULL SCHEDULE
August
22T Orientation (syllabus, instructor, and students)
Required reading (explore):
http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/Sponsel
Video: Yepi (11 minutes)
_________________________________________________________________
PART I: BACKGROUND
24Th Lecture: Ecocide of Ecosanity?:
Toward an Ecological Anthropology of Diversity
Issue: Why ecological anthropology?
Recommended web sites on training in ecological and environmental anthropology (Anthropology and Environment Section):
http://www.aaanet.org
Anthropological Center for Training and Research on Global Environmental Change, Indiana University
http://www.indiana.edu~act/http://www.indiana.edu/~act/
Anthropology and Environment Section, American Anthropological Association
http://www.eanth.org
http://www.aaanet.org
Ecological Anthropology Program, University of Florida
http://www.anthro.ufl.edu
Ecological Anthropology Program, University of Hawai`i
http://www.anthropology.hawaii.edu
http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/Sponsel
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology, University of Georgia
http://www.anthro.dac.uga.edu
Ecological and Environmental Graduate Concentration, University of Arizona
http://www.arizona.edu/anthro/
Environmental Anthropology, Conservation Biology, and Ethnobotany, University of Kent, Canterbury, England
http://www.ukc.ac.uk/anthropology
http://www.eci.ox.ac.uk/humanecology.html
Environmental Anthropology Program, Rutgers University
http://anthro.rutgers.edu
Environmental Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle
http://www.anthro.washington.edu/
Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University
http://www.eci.ox.ac.uk/humanecology.html
Ethnobiology Society of the University of Hawai`i
http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/ethnobio/
Human Evolutionary Ecology Program, University of New Mexico
http://www.unm.edu/~anthro
University of North Texas Applied Anthropology MA Online
http://www.unt.edu/pais/grad/gapan.htm
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29T Video: Maoli No: Truly Native (DVD 2834, min.)
Issue: Why diversity?
Recommended videos:
An Inconvenient Truth [Al Gore on global warming]
The Ecological Footprint: Accounting for a Small Planet (30 min.)
The Future of Life (V1144, 47 min.)
Listen to the Forest [Hawai`i] (9093, 55 min.)
May Earth Live: A Journey Through The Hawaiian Forest (VHS 19381, 57 min.)
Web of Life (VHS 12109,58 min.)
Recommended reading:
William M. Adams, et al., 2004, “Biodiversity Conservation and the Eradication of Poverty,” Science 306:1146-1149.
Paul L. Angermeier, 2000, “The Natural Imperative for Biological Conservation,” Conservation Biology 14(2):373-381.
Robert Barbault, 2001, “Loss of Biodiversity, Overview,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 3:761-775.
Fikret Berkes, 2001, “Religious Traditions and Biodiversity,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 5:109-120.
S. Brechin, et al., 202, “Beyond the Square Wheel: Toward a More Comprehensive Understanding of Biodiversity Conservation as Social and Political Process,” Society and Natural Resources 15(1):41-64.
Harold Brookfield and Christine Padoch, 1994, “Appreciating Agrodiversity: A Look at the Dynamism and Diversity of Indigenous Farming Practices,” Environment 36:6-11, 37-45.
Donald A. Brown, 2001 (Fall), “The Ethical Dimensions of Global Environmental Issues,” Daedalus: Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 130(4):59-76.
Stphen B. Brush, 1999, “Bioprospecting the Public Domain,” Cultural Anthropology 14(4):535-555.
David G. Casagrande, 2004, “Conceptions of Primary Forest in a Tzeltal Maya Community: Implications for Conservation,” Human Organization 63(2):189-202.
Elizabeth Cashdan, 2001, “Ethnic Diversity and Its Environmental Determinants: Effects of Climate, Pathogens, and Habitat Diversity,” American Anthropologist 103(4):968-991.
R. Cline-Cole, 1996, “African and Africanist Biodiversity Research in a Neo-liberal Context,” Africa 66(1):145-159.
P. Cox, 2000, “Will Tribal Knowledge Survive the Millennium?,” Science 287:44-45.
Alfredo D. Cuaron, et al., 2000, “Habitat Disturbance and Tropical Rainforest Mammals,” Conservation Biology 14(6):1574-170.
Rodolfo Dirzo, and Peter H. Raven, 2003, “Global State of Biodiversity and Loss,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 28:137-167.
Paul Ehrlich, and Claire Kremen, 2001, “Human Effects on Ecosystems,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 3:383-393.
Arturo Escobar, 1998, “Whose Knowledge, Whose Nature? Biodiversity, Conservation, and the Political Ecology of Social Movements,” Journal of Political Ecology 5:53-82.
James A. K. Gaston and A. Balmford, 2001, “Can We Afford to Conserve Biodiversity?,” BioScience 51(1):43-52.
H. Geist, and E. Lambin, 2002, “Proximate Causes and Underlying Driving Forces of Tropical Deforestation,” BioScience 52:143-150.
Jaboury Ghazoul and Julian Evans, 2001, “Deforestation and Land Clearing,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 2:23-36.
Jenn Goodman, 2006 (Summer), “Indigenous Voices Largely Unheard at U.N. Biodiversity Conference,” Cultural Survival Quarterly 30(2):5.
Andrew S. Goudie, 2002, “Biomes,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:112-116.
A.K. Gupta, 2000, “Shifting Cultivation and Conservation of Biological Diversity in Tripura, Northeast India,” Human Ecology 28(4):605-629.
A.K. Gupta, and R. Sinha, 2001, “Environmental Conservation: Ethical Concerns,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 4602-4607.
J. Guyer, and Paul Richards, 1996, “The Invention of Biodiversity: Social Perspectives on the Management of Biological Diversity in Africa,” Africa 66(1):1-13.
Susan S. Hanna, 2001, “Property Rights and Biodiversity,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 4:891-899.
Stefan Hauser, and Lindsey Norgrove, 2001, “Effects of Slash-and-Burn Agriculture,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 5:269-284.
David Havlick, 2006, “Reconsidering Wilderness: Prospective Ethics for Nature, Technology, and Society,” Ethics, Place and Environment: A Journal of Philosophy and Geography 9(1):47-62.
Frances M. Hayashida, 2005, “Archaeology, Ecology, History and Conservation,” Annual Review of Anthropology 34:43-65.
Cori Hayden, 2003, “From Market to Market: Bioprospecting’s Idioms of Inclusion,” American Ethnologist 30(3):359-371.
Will Hurd, 2006 (Summer), “Rangers by Birth,” Cultural Survival Quarterly 30(2):33-35 [biodiversity and conservation refugees in Ethiopia].
Eric F. Lambin, Helmut J. Geist, and Erika Lepers, 2003, “Dynamics of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change in Tropical Regions,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 28:205-241.
A. Fiona Mackenzie, 2003, “Land Tenure and Biodiversity: An Exploration in the Political Ecology of Murang’s District, Kenya,” Human Organization 62(3):255-266.
Sango Mahanty, and Dianne Russell, 2002, “High Stakes: Lessons from Stakeholder Groups in the Biodiversity Conservation Network,” Society and Natural Resources 15:179-188.
Mke Mascia, et al., 2003, “Conservation and the Social Sciences,” Conservation Biology 17(3):649-650.
Jeffrey A. McNeely, 2001, “Social and Cultural Factors,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 5:285-294.
A.G. Mertig, and R.E. Dunlap, 2001, “Environmentalism: Preservation and Conservation,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 4687-4693.
M. Monasterio, 1994, “Traditional Prehistoric Ecotechnologies for the Management of Biodiversity in Latin America,” Biology International 32:12-22.
Katy Moran, Steven R. King, and Thomas J. Carlson, 2001, “Biodiversity Prospecting: Lessons and Prospects,” Annual Review of Anthropology 30:505-526.
J. D. Nations, 2001, “Biosphere Reserves,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 1231-1235.
Lisa Naughton-Treves, Margaret Buck Holland, and Katrina Brandon, 2005, “The Role of Protected Areas in Conserving Biodiversity and Sustaining Local Livelihoods,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30:219-252.
D.M. Olson, D.M., et al., 2001, “Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World: A New Map of Life on Earth,” BioScience 51(11):933-938.
Benjamin S. Orlove and Stephen Brush, 1996, “Anthropology and the Conservation of Biodiversity,” Annual Review of Anthropology 25:329-352.
Kristin Peterson, 2001, “Benefit Sharing for All?: Bioprospecting NGOs, Intellectual Property Rights, New Governmentalities,” POLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 24(1):78-91.
Robert Poirier, and David Ostergren, 2002, “Evicting People from Nature: Indigenous Land Rights and National Parks in Australia, Russia, and the United States,” Natural Resources Journal 42:331-352.
J.D. Proctor, 2001, “Concepts of Nature: Environmental and Ecological,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 10398-10404.
Kent H. Redford, and Steven E. Sanderson, 2000, “Extracting Humans from Nature,” Conservation Biology 14(5):1362-1364.
Kent Redford and Allyn Stearman, 1993, “Forest-Dwelling Native Amazonians and the Conservation of Biodiversity: Interests in Common or in Collision?,” Conservation Biology 7(2):248-255.
C. Rosenzweig, 2001, “Climate Impacts,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 2003-2010.
Jose Sarukhan and Rodolfo Dirzo, 2001, “Biodiversity-Rich Countries,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 1:419-436.
R. Serafin, 2001, “Gaia,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier 5859-5860.
K.D. Singh, 2001, “Rainforest Loss and Change,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 5:25-32.
Eric Alden Smith, and Mark Wishnie, 2000, “Conservation and Subsistence in Small-Scale Societies,” Annual Review of Anthropology 29:493-524.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2001, “Human Impact on Biodiversity, Overview,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 3:395-409.
Peter W. Stahl, 1996, “Holocene Biodiversity: An Archaeological Perspective from the Americas,” Annual Review of Anthropology 25:105-126.
Michael K. Steinberg, 2001, “Valuing Diversity: The Role of `Seed Savers’ in In situ Crop Plant Conservation,” Culture and Agriculture 23(3):41-45.
Ian R. Swingland, 2001, “Definition of Biodiversity,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 1:377-391.
David Takacs, 2001, “Historical Awareness of Biodiversity,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-CHief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 3:363-369.
Neetika Talwar and Jatinder Kishtwaria, 2005, “Preservation of Biodiversity: Efforts at Household Level,” Journal of Human Ecology 17(2):149-151.
Victor M. Toledo, 2001, “Biodiversity and Indigenous Peoples,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 3:451-463.
Pris Weeks, and Shalina Mehta, 2004, “Managing People and Landscapes: ICUN’s Protected Areas Categories,” Journal of Human Ecology 15(1):1-3.
D. Western, 2000 (Spring), “Conservation in a Human-Dominated World,” Issues in Science and Technology
http://www.nap.edu/issues/16.3/western.htm
T. Whitten, et al., 2001, “Conservation Biology: A Displacement Behavior for Academia?,” Conservation Biology 15(1):1-3.
P.R. Wilshusen, et al., 2002, “Reinventing a Square Wheel: Critique of a Resurgent `Protection Paradigm’ in International Biodiversity Conservation,” Society and Natural Resources 15(1):17-40.
Edward O. Wilson, 1989, “Threats to Biodiversity,” Scientific American 261(3):108-117.
Maria E. Zaldivar, Oscar J. Rocha, Emilio Castro, and Ramiro Barrantes, 2002, “Species Diversity of Edible Plants Grown in Homegardens of Chibchan Amerindians from Costa Rica,” Human Ecology 30(3):301-316.
W. Adams, 2004, Against Extinction: The Story of Conservation, London, UK: Earthscan Publications.
Thomas Bargatzky, and Rolf Kuschel, eds., 1994, Invention of Nature, New York, NY: P. Lang.
S. Brechin, et al., eds., 2003, Contested Nature: Promoting International Biodiversity with Social Justice in the Twenty-first Century, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Franz J. Broswimmer, 2002, Ecocide: A Short History of the Mass Extinction of Species, Sterling, VA: Pluto Press.
Peter Feinsinger, 2001, Designing Field Studies for Biodiversity Conservation, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
B. Furze, T. De Lacy, and J. Birckhead, eds., 1996, Culture, Conservation and Biodiversity: The Social Dimension of Linking Local Level Development and Conservation through Protected Areas, New York, NY: Wiley.
Kevin J. Gaston, and John I. Spicer, 2004, Biodiversity: An Introduction, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
Al Gore, 2006, An Inconvenient Truth: The Planetary Emergency Of Global Warming And What We Can Do About It, Emmaus, PA: Rodale.
David Harmon, 2002, In Light of Our Differences: How Diversity in Nature and Culture Makes Us Human, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
L.E. Joseph, 1990, Gaia: The Growth of an Idea, New Ytork, NY: St. Martin’s Press.
James Lovelock, 2006, The Revenge of Gaia: Earth’s Climate in Crisis and the Fate of Humanity, New York, NY: Basic Books.
Luisa Maffi, ed., 2001, On Biocultural Diversity: Linking Language, Knowledge, and the Environment, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Ian S. McIntosh, et al., 2004 (Spring), “Indigenous Lands or National Parks?,” Cultural Survival Quarterly 28(1):5-71.
T. McShane, and M. Wells, eds., 2004, Getting Biodiversity Projects to Work, New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
Paul E. Minnis, and Wayne J. Elisens, eds., 2000, Biodiversity and Native America, Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
H.A. Mooney, et al., eds., 1996, Functional Roles of Biodiversity: A Global Perspective, New York, NY: Wiley.
Virginia D. Nazarea, 1998, Cultural Memory and Biodiversity, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Margery L. Oldfield, and Janis B. Alcorn, eds., 1991, Biodiversity, Culture, Conservation, and Ecodevelopment, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
T. O’Riordan, and S. Stoll-Kleemann, eds., 2002, Biodiversity, Sustainability and Human Communities: Protecting Beyond the Protected, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Darrell A. Posey, et al., eds., 2000, Cultural and Spiritual Values of Biodiversity, London, UK: Intermediate Technology Publications/UNEP.
http://www.unep.org/Biodiversity/
Kent H. Redford, and Jane A. Mansour, eds., 1996, Traditional Peoples and Biodiversity in Large Tropical Landscapes, Arlington, VA: America Verde Publications and The Nature Conservancy.
Roger Sayre, et al., 2000, Nature in Focus: Rapid Ecological Assessment, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Stan Stevens, ed., 1997, Conservation through Cultural Survival: Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Takacs, David, 1996, The Idea of Biodiversity: Philosophies of Paradise, Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press.
Edward O. Wilson, 1984, Biophilia: The Human Bond with Other Species, Cambridge, MA; Harvard University Press.
Edward O. Wilson, 1992, The Diversity of Life, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Edward O. Wilson, 2003, The Future of Life, New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf.
Recommended web sites:
An Inconvenient Truth [Al Gore on global warming]
http://www.climatecrisis.net
Biodiversity Support Program
http://www.bsponline.org/
Center for Biological Diversity
http://www.biologicaldiversity.org
Center for International Earth Science Information Network
http://www.ciesin.org
Climate Crisis Coalition
http://www.climatecrisiscoalition.org
Columbia Earthscape: An Online Resource on the Global Environment
http://www.earthscape.org
Earth System Science Partnership
http://www.essp.org
Ecological Footprint
http://lead.org/leadnet/footprint/info.htm
Ecology and Society (formerly Conservation Ecology)
http://www.ecologyandsociety.org
Forest Communities
http://www.forestsandcommunities.org
Indigenous Environmental Network/North American Indigenous Peoples Biodiversity Project
http://www.alphacdc.com/ien
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (UNEP)
http://www.ipcc.ch
International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change (IHDP)
http://www.ihdp.uni-bonn.de
International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity
http://www.iifb.net
Kyoto Protocol
http://unfcc.int/
Native Solutions to Conservation Refugees
http://www.conservationrefugees.org
Oil Change
http://priceofoil.org
Orion Nature Quarterly
http://www.oriononline.org
Pew Center on Global Climate Change
http://www.pewclimate.org
Real Climate: Climate Science from Climate Scientists
http://www.realclimate.org
Stop Global Warming
http://www.StopGlobalWarming.org
Terra Lingua
http://www.terralingua.org
E.The Environmental Magazine
http://www.emagazine.com
The Earth Times
http://www.earthtimes.org
World Climate Research Programme
http://www.wmo.ch/web/wcrp/wcrp-home.html
World Resources Institute
http://www.wri.org
World Watch Institute
http://www.worldwatch.org
_________________________________________________________________
31Th Introduction: Anthropological Approaches to Studying the Dynamics of Human-Environment Interactions through Space and Time
Issue: What is nature?
Class discussion
Required reading: Marten Preface & 1, Merchant Introduction, 1-2, Moran Preface & 1, Townsend Preface & 1
Recommended reading:
William Balee, 1996, “Anthropology,” in Greening the College Curriculum: A Guide to Environmental Teaching in the Liberal Arts, Jonathan Collett and Stephen Karakashian, eds., Washington, D.C.: Island Press, pp. 24-49.
Robert Borofsky, 2001, “When: A Conversation about Culture,” American Anthropologist 103(2):432-446.
Robert Borofsky, 2002, “The Four Subfields: Anthropologists as Mythmakers,” American Anthropologist 104(2):463-480.
Ward H. Goodenough, 2002, “Anthropology in the 20th Century and Beyond,” American Anthropologist 104(2):423-440.
Emilio F. Moran, 2000, “Theory and Practice in Environmental Anthropology,” National Association for the Practice of Anthropology Bulletin 18(1):132-146.
Pamela J. Puntenney, 2001, “The Business of a Sustainable Career: Environmental Anthropology,” National Association for the Practice of Anthropology Bulletin 20(1):99-103.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1987, “Cultural Ecology and Environmental Education,” Journal of Environmental Education 19(1):31-42.
Dee Mack Williams, 2000, “Representations of Nature on the Mongolian Steppe: An Investigation of Scientific Knowledge Construction,” American Anthropologist 102(3):503-519.
William Y. Adams, 1998, The Philosophical Roots of Anthropology, Stanford, CA: Leland Stanford Junior College Center for the Study of Language and Information.
Peter Coates, 1998, Nature: Western Attitudes Since Ancient Times, Berkeley, CA; University of California Press.
Carol L. Crumley, ed., 2001, New Directions in Anthropology and Environment: Intersections, Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
de Steigner, J.E., 2006, The Origins of Modern Environmental Thought, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Michael R. Dove, and Carol Carpenter, eds., 2006, Ecological Anthropology: A Reader, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishng.
E. Ehlers, and C.F. Gethmann, eds., 2003, Environment Across Cultures, New York, NY: Spring-Verlag.
Clarence J. Glacken, 1967, Traces on a Rhodian Shore: Nature and Culture in Western Thought from Ancient Times to the Eighteenth Century, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Ramachandra Guha, 2000, Environmentalism: A Global History, New York, NY: Longman.
Nora Haenn and Richard R. Wilk, eds., 2006, The Environment in Anthropology: A Reader in Ecology, Culture, and Sustainable Living, New York, NY: New York University Press.
S. Horigan, 1988, Nature and Culture in Western Discourse, New York, NY: Routledge.
James Lett, 1997, Science, Reason, and Anthropology: The Principles of Rational Inquiry, Lanham, MD: Rowan and Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Kay Milton, ed., 1993, Environmentalism: The View from Anthropology, New York, NY: Routledge.
Andreas Roepstorff, Nils Burbandt, and Kalevi Kull, eds., 2004, Imagining Nature: Practices of Cosmology and Identity, Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus University Press.
E.S. Rogers, ed., 1960, The Education of Human Ecologists, London, UK: Charles Knight.
Helaine Selin, ed., 2003, Nature Across Cultures: Views of Nature and the Environment in Non-Western Cultures, Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
J.E. de Steiguer, 2006, The Origins of Modern Environmental Thought, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Steven Vogel, 1996, Against Nature: The Concept of Nature in Critical Theory, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Donald Worster, 1994, Nature’s Economy: A History of Ecological Ideas, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press (Second Edition).
G.L. Young, ed., 1983, Origins of Human Ecology, Stroudsburgh, PA: Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co.
Recommended web sites and periodicals:
Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics QH540 .A53
Annual Review of Environment and Resources TJ 163.2 .A55
Culture, Place, and Nature: Studies in Anthropology and Environment/University of Washington Press
http://www.washington.edu/uwpress/
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology
http://www.uga.edu/eea/
Human Ecology: An Interdisciplinary Journal GF 1 .H84
http://maxweber.hunter.cuny.edu/anthro/ecology.html
Human Ecology Review
http://www.societyforhumanecology.org
Journal of Ecological Anthropology
http://www.fiu.edu/~jea/statement.html
Journal of Ethnobiology GN 476.7 .J68
http://ethnobiology.org/journal
Studies in Environmental Anthropology, Gordon and Breach Publishers
http://www.gbhap.com
_________________________________________________________________
September
5T Fundamentals of Ecology
Video: World Population (VHS 7718, 6.5 min.)
Recommended videos:
An Inconvenient Truth [Al Gore documentary on global warming]
Human Tide (VHS 13561 60 min.)
Paul Ehrlich and the Population Bomb (VHS 14697, 60 min.)
Class discussion
Required reading: Marten 2-3, Townsend 9
Recommended reading:
Annonymous, Spring 1997, “Eugene Odum: An Ecologist’s Life,”
http://www.gactr.uga.edu/gcq/gcqspr97/odum.html.
Gretchen Bakke, 2006 (March), “Interdisciplinary Team Will Study Environmental Influences on Human Evolution: NSF-Funded Project Could Help Predict Effects of Global Warming,” Anthropology News 47(3):31.
Fikret Berkes, and Dyanna Jolly, 2001, “Adapting to Climate Change: Socio-Ecological Resilience in a Canadian Western Arctic Community,” Conservation Ecology 5(2):18.
http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol5/iss2/art18/
Charles Birkeland, 2004, “Ratcheting Down the Coral Reefs,” BioScience 54(11):1021-1027.
R.E. Bilsborrow, and H.W. Ogendo, 1992, “Population-driven Changes in Land Use in Developing Countries,” Ambio 21:37-45.
Kathryn S. Brown, 1999, “Taking Global Warming to the People,” Science 283:1440-1441.
W.C. Clarke, 1966, “From Extensive to Intensive Shifting Cultivation: A Succession from New Guinea,” Ethnology 5:347-359.
W. Thomas Conelly, and Miriam S. Chaiken, 2000, “Intensive Farming, Agro-diversity, and Food Security under Conditions of Extreme Population Pressure in Western Kenya,” Human Ecology 28(1):19-51.
R. Constanza, et al., 1997, “The Value of the World’s Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital,” Nature 387:253-260.
Julie Cruikshank, 2001, “Glaciers and Climate Change: Perspectives from Oral Tradition,” Arctic 54(4):377-393.
Timothy Finan, et al., 2002, “Processes of Adaptation to Climate Variability: A Case Study from the US Southwest,” Climate Research 21:299-310.
Jaboury Ghazoul and Julian Evans, 2001, “Deforestation and Land Clearing,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 2:23-36.
David Grigg, 1979, “Ester Boserup’s Theory of Agrarian Change: A Critical Review,” Progress in Human Geography 33:64-84.
Johanna Hageback, et al., 2005, “Climate Variability and Land-Use Change in Danangou Watershed, China: Examples of Small-Scale Farmers’ Adaptation,” Climate Change 72:189-212.
Lawrence Hamilton, Per Lyster, and Oddmund Otterstad, 2000, “Social Change, Ecology and Climate in 20th-Century Greenland,” Climate Change 47:193-211.
Garrett Hardin, 1974, “Living on a Lifeboat,” BioScience 24(10):561-568.
Annette Henning, 2005, “Climate Change and Energy Use: The Role for Anthropological Research,” Anthropology Today 21(3):8-12.
Warren Hern, 1998, “Is Human Culture Carcinogenic for Uncontrolled Population Growth and Ecological Destruction?,” BioScience 43:768-773.
Robert C. Hunt, 2000, “Labor Productivity and Agricultural Development: Boserup Revisited,” Human Ecology 28(2):251-277.
Tori L. Jennings, 2002, “Farm Family Adaptability and Climate Variability in the Northern Great Plains: Contemplating the Role of Meaning in Climate Change Research,” Culture and Agriculture 24(2):52-63.
Robert W. Kates, 2001, “Queries on the Human Use of the Earth,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 26:1-26.
David D. Kemp, 2002, “Global Warming,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:540-555.
Kirch, Patrick V., 2005, “Archaeology and Global Change: The Holocene Record,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30:409-440.
Stephen A. Kowalewski, 2003, “Scale and the Explanation of Demographic Change: 3,500 Years in the Valley of Oaxaca,” American Anthropologist 105(2):313-325.
Tim Lenton, 2002, “Gaia Hypothesis,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:491-495.
Jane Lubchenco, 1988, “Entering the Century of the Environment: A New Social Contract for Science,” Science
W. Lutz, et al., 2001, “The End of World Population Growth,” Nature 412:543-545.
A.S. Moffat, 1996, “Ecologists Look At The Big Picture,” Science 273:1490.
Mohan Munasinghe, 2001, “Exploring the Linkages Between Climate Change and Sustainable Development: A Challenge for Transdisciplinary Research,” Conservation Ecology 5(1):14.
http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol5/iss1/art14/
Theresa Nichols, et al., 2004, “Climate Change and Sea Ice: Local Observations from the Canadian Western Arctic,” Arctic 57(1):68-79.
Eugene P. Odum, “Great Ideas in Ecology in the 1990s,” BioScience
42(7):542-545.
David A. Preston, et al., 2003, “Grazing and Environmental Change on the Tarija Altiplano, Bolivia: Mountain Research and Development 23(2):141-148.
Primavesi, Anne, 1998, “The Recovery of Wisdom: Gaia Theory and Environmental Policy,” Spirit of the Environment: Religion, Value and Environmental Concern, David E. Cooper and Joy A. Palmer, eds., New York, NY: Routledge pp. 73-85.
Avrum J. Shriar, 2001, “The Dynamics of Agricultural Intensification and Resource Conservation in the Buffer Zone of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, Peten, Guatemala,” Human Ecology 29(1):27-48.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1985, “Book Review Malthus: Past and Present, Jacques Dupaquier, editor,” American Anthropologist 87(3):678-680.
G.D. Stone, 2001, “Malthus, Agribusiness and the Death of the Peasantry,” Current Anthropology 42(4):575-478.
P. Taylor and F. Buttel, 1992, “How Do We Know We Have Global Environmental Problems? Science and the Globalization of Environmental Discourse,” Geoforum 23(3):405-416.
Masahiro Umezaki, Yukio Kuchikura, Taro Yamauchi, and Ryutaro Ohtsuka, 2000, “Impact of Population Pressure on Food Production: An Analysis of Land Use Change and Subsistence Pattern in Papua New Guinea Highlands,” Human Ecology 28(3):359-381.
Neeraj Vedwan and Robert E. Rhoades, 2001, “Climate Change in the Western Himalayas of India: A Study of Local Perception and Response,” Climate Research 19:109-117.
P. M. Vitousek, 1994, “Beyond Global Warming: Ecology and Global Change,” Ecology 75:1861-1876.
C. Vorosmarty, et al., 2000, “Global Water Resources: Vulnerability from Climate Change and Population Growth,” Science 289:284-288.
Robert G. Bailey, 1996, Ecosystem Geography, New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
D. Botkin, 1990, Discordant Harmonies: A New Ecology for the Twenty-First Century, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Paul Ehrlich, and Anne Ehrlich, 2004, One with Nineveh: Politics, Consumption, and the Human Future, Washington, D.C.: Island Press/Shearwater Books.
Brian Fagan, 1999, Floods, Famines, and Emperors: El Nino and the Fate of Civilizations, New York, NY: Basic Books.
Michael H. Glantz, 2001, Currents of Change: Impacts of El Nino and La Nina on Climate and Society, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Al Gore, 2006, An Inconvenient Truth, New York, NY: Rodale Books.
Edward J. Kormondy, 1995, Concepts of Ecology, Englewood-Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall (Fourth Edition).
Bjorn-Ola Linner, 2003, The Return of Malthus: Environmentalism and Post-War Population-Resource Crises, Cambridge, UK: The White Horse Press.
D.H. Meadows, et al., 1972, The Limits to Growth, New York, NY: Universe Books.
Stephen Molnar and Iva M. Molnar, 2000, Environmental Change and Human Survival: Some Dimensions of Human Ecology, Upper Sdalle river, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Emilio F. Moran, ed., 1984, The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology, Bouder, CO: Westview Press.
Emilio F. Moran, 2000, Human Adaptability: An Introduction to Ecological Anthropology, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Charles L. Redman, S. James, and P. Fish, eds., 2004, The Archeology of Global Change, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Press.
Paul C. Stern, Oran R. Young, and Daniel Druckman, eds., 1992, Global Environmental Change: Understanding the Human Dimensions, Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
Sarah Strauss, and Bejamin S. Orlove, eds., 2003, Weather, Climate, Culture, New York, NY: Berg.
M. Wackenagel, and W. Rees, 1995, Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth, Gabriola Island, British Columbia: New Society Publishers.
World Resources Institute, et al., 2000, World Resources 2000-2001: People and Ecosystems— The Fraying Web of Life, Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute.
Recommended web sites:
Ecological Society of America
http://www.esa.org
Environmental Advocacy and Organizing Program, Antioch University
http://www.antiochne.edu/es/eao
International Society for Ecology and Culture
http://www.isec.org.uk
La Suerte and Ometepe Biological Field Stations
http://www.lasuerte.org
School for Field Studies
http://www.fieldstudies.org
Society for Human Ecology
http://www.societyforhumanecology.org
T. Malthus’ Home Page
http://www.faculty.rsu.edu/~felwell/Theorists/Malthus/Index.htm
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7Th Class discussion
Required readings: Marten 4-8
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PART II: PRIMATE ECOLOGY
12T Lecture: Why Aren't Humans Chimpanzees?
Issue: Do ethics and morality have any place in scientific primatology?
Recommended video: Search for the Great Apes (VHS 2785, 60 min.)
Required reading:
Select two articles on ethnoprimatology from the journal
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology volume 2, number 2
http://www.uga.edu/eea/
Recommended reading:
Agustin Fuentes, 2006, “The Humanity of Animals and the Animality of Humans: A View from Biological Anthropology,” American Anthropologist 108(1):124-132.
Celia Lowe, 2004, “Making the Monkey: How the Togean Macaque went from `New Form’ to `Endemic Species’ in Indonesians’ Conservation Biology,” Cultural Anthropology 19(4):491-516.
W.C. McGrew, 1998, “Culture in Nonhuman Primates?,” Annual Review of Anthropology 27:301-328.
Julio Mercader, 2002, “Forest People: The Role of African Rainforests in Human Evolution and Dispersal,” Evolutionary Anthropology 11(3):117-124.
Peter S. Rodman, 1999, “Whither Primatology? The Place of Primates in Contemporary Anthropology,” Annual Review of Anthropology 28:311-339.
Sponsel, Leslie E., 1997, “The Human Niche in Amazonia: Explorations in Ethnoprimatology,” New World Primates: Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, Warren Kinzey, ed., Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter, pp. 143-165.
Karen B. Strier, 2003, “Primate Behavioral Ecology: From Ethnography to Ethology and Back,” American Anthropologist 105(1):1627.
Campbell, Christina J., et al., eds., 2007, Primates in Perspective, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Raymond Corbey, 2005, The Metaphysics of Apes: Negotiating the Animal-Human Boundary, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Phyllis Dolhinow, and Agustin Fuentes, 1999, The Nonhuman Primates, Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Co.
Tim Ingold, ed., 1988, What Is An Animal? London, UK: Unwin and Hyman.
William C. McGrew, 2004, The Cultured Chimpanzee: Reflections on Cultural Primatology, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Mary Midgley, 1995, Beast and Man: The Roots of Human Nature, New York, NY: Routledge (Revised Edition).
Sy Montgomery, 1991, Walking with the Great Apes: Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, Birute Galdikas, Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Brian Morris, 1998, The Power of Animals, New York, NY: Berg.
Brian Morris, 2000, Animals and Ancestors: An Ethnography, New York, NY: Berg.
Richard Potts, 1996, Humanity’s Descent: The Consequences of Ecological Instability, New York, NY: William Morrow.
Alison Richard, 1985, Primates in Nature, San Francisco, CA: W.H. Freeman.
Noel Rowe, 1996, The Pictorial Guide to the Living Primates, East Hampton, NY: Pogonias Press.
James T. Sheehan, and Morton Sosna, eds., 1991, The Boundaries of Humanity: Humans, Animals, Machines, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Karen B. Strier, 2007, Primate Behavior and Ecology, Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon (Third Edition).
John Terborgh, 1983, Five New World Primates: A Study in Comparative Ecology, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
William H. Thorpe, 1974, Animal Nature and Human Nature, London, UK: Methuen.
Max Velmans, 2000, Understanding Consciousness, London, UK: Routledge.
Frans De Waal, 2006, Our Inner Ape: A Leading Primatologist Explains Why We Are Who We Are, New York, NY: Riverhead Books.
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14Th Case Study: Coconut-Picking Monkeys in Southern Thailand:
An Example of Ethnoprimatology
Recommended reading:
Aggimarangsee, Nantiya, 1992, “Survey for Semi-Tame Colonies of Macaques in Thailand,” Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 40:103-166.
Loretta A. Cormier, 2000, “Monkey Ethnobotany: Preserving Biocultural Diversity in Amazonia,” Ethnobiology and Biocultural Diversity, John R. Stepp, Felice S. Wundham, and Rebecca K. Zarger, eds., Athens, GA: International Society of Ethnobiology/University of Georgia Press, pp. 313-325.
Catherine M. Hill, 2002, “Primate Conservation and Local Communities,” American Anthropologist 104(4):1184-1194.
Randall Peffer, 1989 (January), “On Malay Peninsula Picking Coconuts Is Monkey Business,” Smithsonian 19(10):110-112,114,116-119.
Leslie E. Sponsel, Nukul Ruttanadakul, and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, 2002, “Monkey Business? The Conservation Implications of Macaque Ethnoprimatology in Southern Thailand,” in Primates Face to Face: The Conservation Implications of Human-Nonhuman Primate Interconnections, Agustin Fuentes and Linda Wolfe, eds., New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 288-309.
Ole Bruun, and Arne Kalland, eds., 1995, Asian Perceptions of Nature: A Critical Approach, London, UK: Curzon Press.
J. Baird Callicott, and Roger T. Ames, eds., 1989, Nature in Asian Traditions of Thought: Essays in Environmental Philosophy, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Loretta A. Cormier, 2003, Kinship with Monkeys: The Guaja Foragers of Eastern Amazonia, New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
Richard C. Foltz, 2006, Animals in Islamic Tradition and Muslim Cultures, Oxford, UK: Oneworld Publications.
John Knight, ed., 2001, Natural Enemies: People-Wildlife Conflicts, New York, NY: Routledge.
John Knight, ed., 2004, Wildlife in Asia: Cultural Perspectives, New York, NY: Routledge/Curzon.
Ramona Morris, and Desmond Morris, 1968, Men and Apes, London, UK: Hutchinson.
Jeffrey A. McNeely, and Paul Spencer Sochaczewski, 1995, Soul of the Tiger: Searching for Nature’s Answers in Exotic Southeast Asia, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney, 1987, The Monkey as Mirror: Symbolic Transformations in Japanese Culture and History, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Paul Waldau, ed., 2000, “Religion and Animals,” Society and Animals 8(3).
Paul Waldau, 2001, The Spector of Speciesism: Buddhist and Christian Views of Animals, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Bruce P. Wheatley, 1999, The Sacred Monkeys of Bali, Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
Roy G. Willis, ed., 1990, Signifying Animals: Human Meaning and the Natural World, London, UK: Unwin and Hyman.
Recommended web sites:
African Primates at Home
http://www.indiana.edu/~primate/primates.html
The Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International
http://www.gorillafund.org
The Gorilla Foundation
The Jane Goodall Institute
http://www.janegoodall.org
Primate Information Center, University of Wisconsin
http://pin.primate.wisc.edu
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PART III: CULTURAL ECOLOGY
19T Video: An Ecology of the Mind (Millennium Part 4, VHS 6355, 60 min.)
Recommended videos:
Baka (African Pygmies) (VHS 3354, 50 min.)
Fredrik Barth: From Fieldwork to Theory (56 min., check at Sinclair AV)
To Find the Baruya Story (Maurice Godelier fieldwork in PNG)(VHS 1677, 59 min.)
The Nuer (Sudan pastoralists)(VHS 7624, 90 min.)
Sakuddei (Indonesia foragers) (VHS 1706, min.)
Shadows in the Forest (Efe in central African forest)( VHS 18392, 60 min.)
Recommended reading:
Carole L. Crumley, ed., 2001, New Directions in Anthropology and Environment: Intersections, Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
Nora Haenn, and Richard R. Wilk, eds., 2006, The Environment in Anthropology, New York, NY: New York University Press.
Tim Ingold, 2000, The Perception of the Environment, London, UK: Routledge.
Gary Paul Nabhan, 1997, Cultures of Habitat: One Nature, Culture, and Story, Washington, D.C.: Counterpoint.
Robert M. Netting, 1986, Cultural Ecology, Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, Inc.
Dustin J. Penn, and Iver Mysterud, eds., 2005, Evolutionary Perspectives on Environmental Problems, Somerset, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
Mark Q. Sutton and E.N. Anderson, 2004, Introduction to Cultural Ecology, Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
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21Th Lecture:
How Can Humans Be Both Apart of and Apart from Nature?
Issue: Is a materialist approach more valid and useful than a mentalist one to understand human ecology?
Required reading:
Thomas Abel, and John Richard Stepp, 2003, “A New Systems Ecology for Anthropology,” Conservation and Ecology 7(3):12.
http://www.ecologyandsociety.org
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1997,“Ecological Anthropology,” in The Dictionary of Anthropology, Thomas Barfield, ed., Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, pp. 305-307 [handout].
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2006, “Julian H. Steward,” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 5:2128-2130. http://www.sagepub.com
Recommended reading:
E.N. Anderson, 2002, “New Textbooks Show Ecological Anthropology Is Flourishing,” Reviews in Anthropology 31:231-242.
http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/
link.asp?id=4K8ngd7n98a405In
Scott Atran, and D. Medin, 1997, “Knowledge and Action: Cultural Models of Nature and Resource Management in Mesoamerica,” Environment, Ethics and Behavior, M. Bazerman, et al., eds., San Francisco, CA: New Lexington Press, pp. 171-180.
A. Biersack, 1999, “From `the new ecology’ to the new ecologies,” American Anthropologist 101(1):5-18.
Michael L. Burton, et al., 1986, “Natural Resource Anthropology,” Human Organization 45(3):261-269.
James M. Calcagno, 2003, “Keeping Biological Anthropology in Anthropology, and Anthropology in Biology,” American Anthropologist 105(1):6-15.
David J. Cuff, 2002, “Resources,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 2:325-329.
William Durham, 1976, “The Adaptive Significance of Cultural Behavior,” Human Ecology 4(2):89-121.
Roy Ellen, 2001, “Environment and Anthropology,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier 7:4556-44560.
Michael Herzfeld, 2006, “Environmentalisms,” Anthropology: Theory and Practice in Culture and Society, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, pp. 171-191.
Sebastian Job, 2006, “Cultural Materialism,” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 4:1549-1553.
Allen Johnson, 1982, “Reductionism in Cultural Ecology: The Amazon Case,” Current Anthropology 23(4):71-85.
Conrad P. Kottak, 1999, “The New Ecological Anthropology,” American Anthropologist 101(1):23-35.
J. Stephen, Lansing, 2003, “Complex Adaptive Systems,” Annual Review of Anthropology 32:183-204.
Melissa Leach, and James Fairhead, 2002, “Anthropology, Culture, and Environment,” Exotic No More: Anthropology on the Front Lines, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, pp. 209-226.
Thomas Leatherman, 2005, “A Space of Vulnerability in Poverty and Health: Political-Ecology and Biocultural Analysis,” Ethos 33(1):46-70.
Paul W. Leslie, and Michael A. Little, 2003, “Human Biology and Ecology: Variation in Nature and the Nature of Variation,” American Anthropologist 105(1):28-37.
Maxine L. Margolis, 2006, “Marvin Harris (1927-2001),” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 3:1141-1145.
http://www.sagepub.com (Click on Anthropology and then on Encyclopedia of Anthropology)
Maxine L. Margolis, and Conrad Phillip Kottak, 2003, “Marvin Harris (1927-2001),” American Anthropologist 105(3):685-688.
W.B. Meyer, 2001, “Human-Environment Relationships,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier 7056-7062.
Kay Milton, 1998, “Nature and the Environment in Indigenous and Traditional Cultures,” Spirit of the Environment: Religion, Value and Environmental Concern, David E. Cooper and Joy A. Palmer, eds., New York, NY: Routledge pp. 86-99.
Robert M. Netting, 1996, “Cultural Ecology,” in Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology, David Levinson and Melvin Ember, eds., New York, NY: Henry Holt and Co. 1:267-271.
Benjamin Orlove, 1980, “Ecological Anthropology,” Annual Review of Anthropology 9:235-273.
P.W. Porter, 2001, “Cultural Ecology,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier 6:4035-4041.
Darrell Addison Posey, 2002, “Ethnobiology,” Encyclopedia of Global Change: Environmental Change and Human Society, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-CHief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:401-403.
P.S. Ramakrishnan, 2001, “Ethnobiology,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier 7:4846-4852.
Roy A. Rappaport, 1979, “Ecology, Adaptation, and the Ills of Functionalism,” Ecology, Meaning, and Religion, Richmond, CA: North Atlantic Books, pp. 43-95.
Eugenia Shanklin, 1985, “Sustenance and Symbol: Anthropological Studies of Domestic Animals,” Annual Review of Anthropology 14:375-403.
Paul Sillitoe, 2002, “Contested Knowledge, Contingent Classification: Animals in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea,” American Anthropologist 104(4):1162-1171.
L.E. Sponsel, 1994, “Environmental Management at the Community and National Levels,” in Asia’s New Initiatives in the 1990s: The Peace Process, Economic Cooperation, Management of the Environment, Tokyo: The United Nations University Japan-ASEAN Forum II, pp. 234-257. (On reserve in Sinclair Library).
Julian H. Steward, 1955, “The Concept and Method of Cultural Ecology,” in his Theory of Culture Change: The Methodology of Multilinear Evolution, Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, pp. 30-42.
Julian H. Steward, 1968, “Cultural Ecology,” International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, David Sills, ed., New York, NY: Macmillan 4:337-344.
Andrew P. Vayda, 1983, “Progressive Contextualization: Methods for Research in Human Ecology,” Human Ecology 11(3):265-426.
Andrew P. Vayda and Bonnie McCay, 1975, “New Directions in Ecology and Ecological Anthropology,” Annual Review of Anthropology 4:293-306.
Andrew P. Vayda and Roy A. Rappaport, 1968, “Ecology: Cultural and Non-Cultural,” in Introduction to Cultural Anthropology, James A. Clifton, ed., Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co., pp. 477-497.
Michael Williams, 2002, “Carl Sauer,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 2:351-352.
Bruce Winterhalder, and Eric Alden Smith, 2000, “Analyzing Adaptive Strategies: Human Behavioral Ecology at Twenty-Five,” Evolutionary Anthropology 9(2):51-72.
Alvin W. Wolfe, and Thomas Weaver, 2006 (March), “John W. Bennett (1915-2005),” American Anthropologist 108(1):266-268.
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26T Case Study: The Acid Test: Curripaco Subsistence Adaptations to an Oligotrophic Ecosystem in the Upper Rio Negro, Amazonas, Venezuela
Recommended videos:
Amazon: Land of the Flooded Forest (VHS 8765, 50 min.)
Recommended reading:
Kaj Arhem, 1996, "The Cosmic Food Web: Human-Nature Relatedness in the Northwest Amazon," in Nature and Society: Anthropological Perspectives, Philippe Descola and Gisli Palsson, eds., pp. 185-204.
P.B. Bayley, and R.E. Sparks, 1989, "The Flood Pulse Concept in River-Floodplain Systems," Fish and Aquatic Science 106:385-398.
Janet M. Chernela, 1982, "Indigenous Forest and Fish Management in the Vaupes Basin of Brazil," Cultural Survival Quarterly 6(2):17-18.
Janet M. Chernela, 1985, "Indigenous Fishing in the Neotropics: The Tukano Uanano of the Blackwater Uaupes River Basin in Brazil and Colombia," Interciencia 10(2):78-86.
Janet M. Chernela, 1987, "Endangered Ideologies: Tukano Fishing Taboos," Cultural Survival Quarterly 11(2):50-52.
Janet M. Chernela, 1989, "Managing Rivers of Hunger: The Tukano of Brazil," Advances in Economic Botany 7:238-248.
Janet M. Chernela, 1994, "Tuaknoan Fishing," Research and Exploration (National Geographic) 10(4):440-457.
Katherine Clark, and Christopher Uhl, 1987, "Farming, Fishing, and Fire in the History of the Upper Rio Negro Region of Venezuela," Human Ecology 15(1):1-26.
O.T. Coomes, 1992, "Blackwater Rivers, Adaptation, and Environmental Heterogeneity in Amazonia," American Anthropologist 94:698-701.
O.T. Coomes, 1998, "Traditional Peasant Agriculture Along A Blackwater River of the Peruvian Amazon," Revista Geografica 124:33-54.
Laura A. German, 2004, “Ecological Praxis and Blackwater Ecosystems: A Case Study from the Brazilian Amazon,” Human Ecology 32(6):653-683.
Michael Goulding, 1993, "Flooded Forests of the Amazon," Scientific American 266(3):114-120.
Ted L. Gragson, 1992, "Fishing the Waters of Amazonia: Native Subsistence Economies in a Tropical Rain Forest," American Anthropologist 94(2):428-440.
M. Hiraoka, 1985, "Floodplain Farming in the Peruvian Amazon," Geographical Review of Japan 58:1-23.
M. Hiraoka, 1985, "Mestizo Subsistence in Riparian Amazonia," National Geographic Research 1(2):236-246.
Rebecca Holmes, 1984, "Non-dietary Modifiers of Nutritional Status in Tropical Forest Populations of Venezuela," Interciencia 9:386-391.
Jean-Paul Lescure, et al., 1992, "Nontimber Forest Products and Extractive Activities in the Middle Rio Negro Region, Brazil," in Sustainable Harvest and Marketing of Rain Forest Products, Mark Plotkin and Lisa Famolare, eds.,.pp. 151-157.
Josh McDaniel, 1997, "Communal Fisheries Management in the Peruvian Amazon," Human Organization 56(2):147-153.
David G. McGrath, 1993, "Fisheries and the Evolution of Resource Management on the Lower Amazon Floodplain," Human Ecology 21(2):167-195.
B. Merona, 1990, "Amazon Fisheries: General Characteristics Based On Two Case-Studies," Interciencia 15:461-468.
Katherine Milton, 1984, "Protein and Carbohydrate Resources of the Maku Indians of the Northwestern Amazon," American Anthropologist 86(1):7-27.
Emilio F. Moran, 1991, "Human Adaptive Strategies in Amazonian Blackwater Ecosystems," American Anthropologist 93:361-382.
Emilio F. Moran, 1993, "Blackwater Ecosystems,"in his Through Amazonian Eyes: The Human Ecology of Amazonian Populations, Iowa City, IO: University of Iowa Press, pp. 35-55.
Christine Padoch, 1988, "People of the Floodplain and Forest," in People of the Tropical Rain Forest, Julie Sloan Denslow and Christine Padoch, eds., Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, pp. 127-140.
Ghillean Prance, 2001, “Amazon Ecosystems,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 1:145-157.
Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff, 1976, "Cosmologies as Ecological Analysis: A View from the Rainforest," Man 11(3):307-318.
Nigel J.H. Smith, 1985, "The Impact of Cultural and Ecological Change on Amazonian Fisheries," Biological Conservation 32:355-373.
Leslie E. Sponsel and Paula Loya, 1993, “`Rivers of Hunger?’ Indigenous Resource Management in the Oligotrophic Ecosystems of the Rio Negro, Amazonas, Venezuela,” Tropical Forests, People and Food: Biocultural Interactions and Applications, C.M. Hladik, et al., eds., Paris, France: UNESCO/Parthenon Publication Group (UNESCO/MAB Series Volume 15), pp. 435-446.
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28Th Case Study: Cultural Ecology of Adjacent Buddhist and Muslim Communities in southern Thailand
Recommended reading:
Fredrik Barth, 1956, “Ecological Relationships of Ethnic Groups in Swat, North Pakistan” American Anthropologist 58:1079-1089.
John Carey, 1999 (November/December), “Where Have All The Animals Gone?,” International Wildlife
King, Victor T., and William D. Wilder, 2003, “Ecology and Environmental Change,” The Modern Anthropology of Southeast_Asia: An Introduction, New York, NY: Routledge/Curzon, pp. 231-261.
Awae Masae, and J. Allister McGregor, 1998, “Sustainability of a Fishery in Southern Thailand,” in Environmental Changes in South-East Asia, Victor T. King, ed., Richmond, UK: Curzon Press, pp. 282-304.
Leslie E. Sponsel, and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, 1992, “A Comparison of the Cultural Ecology of Adjacent Muslim and Buddhist Villages in Southern Thailand,” Journal of the National Research Council of Thailand 23(2):31-42.
Peter Vandergeest, Mark Flaherty, and Paul Miller, 1995, “A Political Ecology of Shrimp Aquaculture in Thailand,” Rural Sociology 64(4):573-596.
John W.Bennett, 1969, Northern Plainsmen: Adaptive Strategy and Agrarian Life, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Anthony Leeds and Andrew P. Vayda, eds., 1965, Man, Culture and Animals: The Role of Animals in Human Ecological Adjustments, Washington, D.C.: American Association of Science.
Olli-Pekka Ruohomaki, 1999, Fishermen No More? Livelihood and Environment in Southern Thai Maritime Villages, Bangkok, Thailand: White Lotus Co., Ltd.
Siam Society, ed., 1989, Culture and Environment in Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand: Siam Society.
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October
3T Class Discussion
Required reading: Marten 9, Moran 4-5, Townsend 2-4, 8, & 10
Recommended reading:
Arun Agrawal, and C.C. Gibson, 1999, “Enchantment and Disenchantment: The Role of Community in Natural Resource Management,” World Development 27(4):629-649.
Michael S. Alvard, 2000, “The Potential for Sustainable Harvests by Traditional Wana Hunters in Morowali Nature Research, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia,” Human Organization 59(4):428-440.
Ray Barnhardt and Angayuqaq Oscar Kawagley, 2005, “Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Alaskan Native Ways of Knowing,” Anthropology and Education Quarterly 36(1):8-23.
A. Bebbington, 2001, “Indigenous Knowledge and Technology,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 7289-7292.
Fikret Berkes, Johan Colding, and Carl Folke, 2000, “Rediscovery of Traditional Ecological Knowledge as Adaptive Management,” Ecological Applications 10(5):1251-1262.
Brent Berlin, et al., 1966, “Folk Taxonomies and Biological Classification,” Science 154:273-275.
Veena Bhasin, 2002, “Traditional Knowledge Research: Recycling Waste among Ladakhis,” Journal of Human Ecology 13(3):177-180.
David J. Boyd, 2001, “Life Without Pigs: Recent Subsistence Changes among Irakia Awa, Papua New Guinea,” Human Ecology 29(3):259-282.
Sonja B. Brodt, 2001, “A Systems Perspective on the Conservation and Erosion of Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge in Central India,” Human Ecology 29(1):99-120.
Peter B. Coppolillo, 2000, “The Landscape Ecology of Pastoral Herding: Spatial Analysis of Land Use and Livestock Production in East Africa,” Human Ecology 28(4):527-560.
Stacy Crevello, 2004, “Dayak Land Use Systems and Indigenous Knowledge,” Journal of Human Ecology 16(1):69-73.
J. Dash, and N.K. Behura, 2000, “Crisis Management: Lessons from the Past, A Case Study of Drought Situation,” Man in India 80(1/2):75-88.
Cristina Eghenter, 2000, “What is Tana Ulen Good For? Considerations on Indigenous Forest Management, Conservation, and Research in the Interior of Indonesian Borneo,” Human Ecology 28(3):331-358.
Roy Ellen, 2002, “Modes of Subsistence: Hunting and Gathering to Agriculture and Pastoralism,” Companion Encyclopedia of Anthropology, Tim Ingold, ed., New York, NY: Routledge, pp. 197-225.
Roy Ellen, Peter Parkes, and Alan Bicker, eds., 2000, Indigenous Environmental Knowledge and its Transformations: Critical Anthropological Perspectives, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers.
John E. Fa, Javier Juste, Robert W. Burn, and Genevieve Broad, 2002, “Bushmeat Consumption and Preferences of Two Ethnic Groups in Bioko Island, West Africa,” Human Ecology 30(3):397-416.
Jefferson Fox, et al., 2000 (June), “Shifting Cultivation: A New Paradigm for Managing Tropical Forests,” BioScience 50(6):521-528.
Charles Frake, 1962, “Cultural Ecology and Ethnography,” American Anthropologist 64:53-59.
Clemens M. Grunbuhel, et al., 2003, “Socioeconomic Metabolism and Colonization of Natural Processes in Sang Saeng Village: Material and Energy Flows, Land Use, and Cultural Change in Northeast Thailand,” Human Ecology 31(1):53-86.
Rebecca Hardin, and Melissa J. Remis, 2006, “Biological and Cultural Anthropology of a Changing Tropical Forest: A Fruitful Collaboration across Subfields,” American Anthropologist 108(2):273-285.
Marvin Harris, 1966, “The Cultural Ecology of India’s Sacred Cattle,” Current Anthropology 7:51-66.
Stefan Hauser, and Lindsey Norgrove, 2001, “Effects of Slash-and-Burn Agriculture,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 5:269-284.
Leah Sophie Horowitz, 1998, “Integrating Indigenous Resource Management with Wildlife Conservation: A Case Study of Batang Ai National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia,” Human Ecology 26(3):371-404.
Eugene Hunn, 1982, “The Utilitarian Factor in Folk Biological Classification,” American Anthropologist 84(4):830-847.
Dorothy Jackson, 2003, “Sustainable Livelihoods for Pygmy Peoples,” Indigenous Affairs 1:8-17.
Leslie Main Johnson, 2000, “A Place That’s Good,” Gitksan Landscape Perception and Ethnoecology,” Human Ecology 28(2):301-325.
Lisa Kealhofer, 2002, “Changing Perceptions of Risk: The Development of Agro-Ecosystems in Southeast Asia,” American Anthropologist 104(1):178-194.
P.J.A. Kleinman, D. Pimentel, and R.B. Bryant, 1995, “The Ecological Sustainability of Slash-and-Burn Agriculture,” Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 52:235-249.
Ana H. Ladio, and Mariana Lozada, 201, “Nontimber Forest Product Use in Two Human Populations from Northwestern Patagonia: A Quantitative Approach,” Human Ecology 29(4):367-380.
Richard R. Marcus, 2001, “Seeing the Forest for the Trees: Integrated Conservation and Development Projects and Local Perceptions of Conservation in Madagascar,” Human Ecology 29(4):381-399.
C. Mbow, T.T. Nielsen, and K. Rasmussen, 2000, “Savanna Fires in East-Central Senegal: Distribution Patterns, Resource Management and Perceptions,” Human Ecology 28(4):561-583.
Monica Minnegal, and Peter D. Dwyer, 2000, “Responses to a Drought in the Interior Lowlands of Papua New Guinea: A Comparison of Bedamuni and Kubo-Konai,” Human Ecology 28(4):493-526.
L. Naughton-Treves, 2002, “Wild Animals in the Garden: Conserving Wildlife in Amazonian Agroecosystems,” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 92(3):488-506.
Robert M. Netting, 1974, “Agrarian Ecology,” Annual Review of Anthropology 3:21-56.
William E. O’Brien, 2002, “The Nature of Shifting Cultivation: Stories of Harmony, Degradation, and Redemption,” Human Ecology 30(4):483-502.
Orion Nature Quarterly, Summer 1990, “Lessons from Indigenous Peoples.”
Richard Pace, 2004, “Failed Guardianship or Failed Metaphors in the Brazilian Amazon? Problems with “Imagined Eco-communities and other Metaphors and Models for the Amazon Peasantries,” Journal of Anthropological Research 60:231-260.
Roy A. Rappaport, “On Cognized Models,” Ecology, Meaning, and Religion, Richmond, CA: North Atlantic Books, pp. 97-144.
Jonathan H. Smith, 2001, “Land Cover Assessment of Indigenous Communities in the BOSAWAS region of Nicaragua,” Human Ecology 29(3):339-347.
C. Stipen, and S. DeWeerdt, 2002, “Old Science, New Science: Incorporating Traditional Ecological Knowledge into Contemporary Management,” Conservation in Practice 3(3):20-27.
Victor Toledo, 1992, “What is Ethnobiology?,” Origins, Scope, and Implications of a Rising Discipline,” Etnologica 1(1):5-21.
C. Twyman, 1998, “Rethinking Community Resource Management: Managing Resources or Managing People in Western Botswana,” Third World Quarterly 19(4):745-770.
Alan Watson, et al., 2003, “The Relationship between Traditional Ecological Knowledge, Evolving Cultures, and Wilderness Protection in the Circumpolar North,” Conservation Ecology 8(2).
http://www.consecol.org/vol8/iss1/art2
G.W. Wenzel, 1999, “Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Inuit: Reflections on TEK Research and Ethics,” Arctic 52(2):113-124.
Tesfaye Wolde-Medhin, 2003, “Intimate Knowledge and the Production of Livelihood: An Example from the Ethiopian Highlands,” Culture and Agriculture 25(2):13-31.
Zhong Gongfu,1982, “The Mulberry-Dike-Fish Pond Complex,” Human Ecology 10(2):191-202.
David G. Anderson, 2000, Identity and Ecology in Arctic Siberia: The Number One Reindeer Brigade, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Scott Atran, 1990, Cognitive Foundations of Natural History, Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
Daniel G. Bates and Susan H. Lees, eds., 1996, Case Studies in Human Ecology, New York, NY: Plenum Press.
John W.Bennett, 1969, Northern Plainsmen: Adaptive Strategy and Agrarian Life, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Fikret Berkes, ed., 1989, Common Property Resources: Ecology and Community-Based Sustainable Development, New York, NY: Belhaven Press.
Fikret Berkes, 1999, Sacred Ecology: Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Resource Management, Philadelphia, PA: Taylor and Francis.
Brent Berlin, 1992, Ethnobiological Classification: Principles of Categorization of Plants and Animals in Traditional Societies, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Alan Bicker, et al., eds., 2006, Development and Local Knowledge: New Approaches to Issues in Natural Resource Management, London, UK: Routledge.
Blackburn, Thomas C., and Kat Anderson, 1993, Before Wilderness: Environmental Management by Native Californians, Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press.
Ole Bruun, and Arne Kalland, eds., 1995, Asian Perceptions of Nature: A Critical Approach, Richmond, UK: Curzon Press.
J. Burger, et al., eds., 2001, Protecting the Commons: A Framework for Resource Management in the Americas, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Gregory Cajete, 2000, Native Science: Natural Laws of Interdependence, Santa Fe, NM: Clear Light Press.
Donald P. Cole, 1975, Nomads of the Nomads: The Al Murrah Bedouin of the Empty Quarter, Arlington Heights, IL: AHM Publishing Corporation.
Harold Conklin, 1957, Hanunoo Agriculture: A Report on an Integrated System of Shifting Cultivation in the Philippines, Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization.
Philippe Descola and Gisli Palsson, eds., 1996, Nature and Society: Anthropological Perspectives, New York, NY: Routledge.
Michael R. Dove, 1985, Swidden Agriculture in Indonesia: The Subsistence Strategies of the Kalimantan Kantu, Berlin, Germany: Mouton.
Frederick L. Dunn, 1975, Rainforest Collectors and Traders: A Study of Resource Utilization in Modern and Ancient Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Monographs of the Asian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 5.
Peter D. Dwyer, 1990, The Pigs that Ate the Garden: A Human Ecology from New Guinea, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Robert B. Edgerton, 1992, Sick Societies: The Myth of Primitive Harmony, New York, NY: Free Press.
Roy F. Ellen, 1982, Environment, Subsistence, and System: The Ecology of Small-Scale Social Formations, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Roy F. Ellen, 1993, The Cultural Relations of Classification, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Roy F. Ellen, and A. Bicker, eds., 2000, Indigenous Environmental Knowledge and its Transformations: Critical Anthropological Perspectives, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publications.
Roy F. Ellen, and Katsuyoshi Fukui, ed.s, 1996, Redefining Nature: Ecology, Culture and Domestication,
Carl Folke, and Fikret Berkes, eds., 198, Linking Social and Ecological Systems, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Elliot Fratkin, 2003, Ariaal Pastoralists of Kenya: Studying Pastoralism, Drought, and Development in Africa’s Arid Lands, Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Daniel W. Gade, 1999, Nature and Culture in the Andes, Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
Carol Ireson-Doolittle, and Geraldine Moreno-Black, 2004, The Lao: Gender, Power, and Livelihood, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
R.E. Johannes, ed., 1989, Traditional Ecological Knowledge: A Collection of Essays, Geneva, Switzerland: International Union for the Conservation of Nature.
Gary A. Klee, ed., 1980, World Systems of Traditional Resource Management, New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Peter Kunstadter, E.C. Chapman, and Sanga Sabhasri, eds., 1978, Farmers in the Forest: Economic Development and Marginal Agriculture in Northern Thailand, Honolulu, HI: East-West Center Book.
Melissa Leach, 1994, Rainforest Relations: Gender and Resource Use among the Mende of Gola, Sierra Leone, Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press.
Richard B. Lee, 1979, !Kung San: Men, Women, and Work in a Foraging Society, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
I. Majnep, and R. Bulmer, 1977, Birds of My Kalam Country, Auckland, NZ: Auckland University Press.
Stuart A. Marks, 1976, Large Mammals and a Brave People: Subsistence Hunters in Zambia, Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.
Gerald G. Marten, 1986, Traditional Agriculture in Southeast Asia: A Human Ecology Perspective, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Douglas L. Medin and Scott Atran, eds., 1999, Folk Biology, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Virginia D. Nazarea, ed., 1999, Ethnoecology: Situated Knowledge/Located Lives, Tuscon, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Robert M. Netting, 1968, Hill Farmers of Nigeria: The Cultural Ecology of the Kofyar of the Jos Plateau, Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.
Robert M. Netting, 1993, Small Holders, Householders: Farm Families and the Ecology of Intensive Sustainable Agriculture, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Anthony Oliver-Smith, and Susanna M. Hoffman, eds., The Angry Earth: Disaster in Anthropological Perspective, New York, NY: Routledge.
Benjamin S. Orlove, 2002, Lines in the Water: Nature and Culture at Lake Titicaca, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Rajindra K. Puri, 2006, Deadly Dances in the Bornean Rainforest: Hunting Knowledge of the Penan Benalui, Leiden, The Netherlands: Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies Monograph Series/KITLV Press.
Terry A. Rambo, and Percy E. Sajise, eds., 1984, An Introduction to Human Ecology Research on Agricultural Systems in Southeast Asia, Honolulu, HI: East-West Center Environment and Policy Institute and University of the Philippines at Los Banos.
Paul Richards, 1985, Indigenous Agricultural Revolution: Ecology and Food Production in West Africa, London, UK: Hutchinson.
Julian H. Steward, 1938, Basin-Plateau Aboriginal Socio-Political Groups, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Janet Gabriel Townsend, 1995, Women’s Voices from the Rainforest, New York, NY: Routledge.
Nancy J. Turner, 2005, The Earth’s Blanket: Traditional Teachings for Sustainable Living, Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.
Thomas R. Vale, ed., 2002, Fire, Native Peoples and the Natural Landscape, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
D. Western and R. Wright, eds., 1994, Natural Connections: Perspectives in Community-Based Conservation, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Harriet Whitehead, 2000, Food Rules: Hunting, Sharing, and Tabooing Game in Papua New Guinea, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
N. Williams, and G. Baines, eds., 1993, Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Wisdom for Sustainable Development, Canberra, Australia: Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies.
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5Th *** Panel 1. ***
Recommended web sites:
Anthropological Theories: Ecological Anthropology (Stacy McGrath)
http://www.as.ua.edu/ant/Faculty/murphy/ecologic.htm.
Cultural Ecology (Catherine Marquette)
http://www.indiana.edu/~wanthro/eco.htm
http://www.lse.ac.uk/Depts/destin/simon/cen/cesg.html
Cultural Survival Quarterly GN 357 .Q37
http://www.cs.org
The Ecologist QH 540 .N38
http://www.theecologist.org
Globally Important Ingenious Agricultural Heritage Systems (FAO)
http://www.fao.org/landandwater/agll/giahs/default.stm
Indigenous Knowledge and Development Monitor
http://www.nuffic.nl/ciran/ikdm
Institute for Cultural Ecology (David Adams)
http://www.cultural-ecology.com
International Institute for Indigenous Resource Management
http://www.iiirm.org
International Society of Ethnobiology
http://www.ethnobiology.net
http://guallart.dac.uga.edu/ISE/
Natural Resources Information Clearinghouse (US Agency for International Development)
http://www.nric.net
Society for Ethnobiology
http://ethnobiology.org
Talking Leaves: A Journal of Our Evolving Ecological Cultural
http://www.talkingleaves.org
Terra Lingua
http://www.terralingua.org
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PART IV: HISTORICAL ECOLOGY
10T *** Quiz 1 due ***
Video: Ahuapua`a Fishponds and Lo`i (VHS 7194, 90 min.)
Recommended videos:
Red Turtle Rising (VHS 18617, 52 min.)
Shark Callers of Kontu (VHS 4411, 54 min.)
Surviving Columbus: The Story of the Pueblo People (VHS 9464, min.)
The Turtle People (VHS 8508, 26 min.)
Recommended readings:
James R. Acheson, 1981,”The Anthropology of Fishing,” Annual Review of Anthropology 10:275-316.
S.M. Nazmul Alam, and Anwara Begum, 2005, “Establishing Participation: The Case of Empowering Communities in Wetland Fishery Management,” Journal of Human Ecology 17(1):17-29.
William H. Alkire, 1999, “Ecological Studies in Oceania,” American Anthropology in Micronesia: An Assessment, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press, pp.
Shankar Aswani, 1998, “Patterns of Marine Harvest Effort in Southwestern New Georgia, Solomon Islands: Resource Management or Optimal Foraging?,” Ocean & Coastal Management 40:207-235.
Shankar Aswani, and Pam Weiant, 2004, “Scientific Evaluation in Women’s Participatory Management: Monitoring Marine Invertebrate Refugia in the Solomon Islands,” Human Organization 63(3):301-319.
Christophe Bene, and Alexander Tewfik, 2001, “Fishing Effort Allocation and Fishermen’s Decision Making Process in a Multi-Species Small-Scale Fishery: Analysis of the Conch and Lobster Fishery in Turks and Caicos Islands,” Human Ecology 29(2):157-186.
S. Fairlie, ed., 1995, “Overfishing: Its Causes and Consequences,” The Ecologist 25(2/3):42-125 (special issue).
B. Fitzhugh, and T.L. Hunt, 1997, “Islands as Laboratories: Archaeological Research in Comparative Perspective,” Human Ecology 25:379-383.
Ray Hilborn, et al., 2003, “State of the World’s Fisheries,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 28:359-399.
Edvard Hviding, 2003, “Both Sides of the Beach: Knowledge of Nature in Oceania,” Nature Across Cultures: Views of Nature and the Environment in Non-Western Cultures, Helaine Selin, ed., Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 245-275.
Robert E. Johannes, 1978, “Traditional Marine Conservation Methods in Oceania and Their Demise,” Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 24(10):349-364.
Robert E. Johannes, 2002, “The Renaissance of Community-Based Marine Resource Management in Oceania,” Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 33:317-340.
Patrick V. Kirch, 1980, “Polynesian Prehistory: Cultural Adaptations in Island Ecosystems,” American Scientist 68:39-48.
Patrick V. Kirch, and Terry L. Hunt, eds., 1997, Historical Ecology in the Pacific Islands: Prehistoric Environmental and Landscape Change, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Regina Woodrum Luna, 2003 (July), “The Mereging of Archaeological Evidence and Marine Turtle Ecology: A Case Study Approach to the Importance of Including Archaeological Data in Marine Science,” SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin #15, pp. 26-30.
Rosamond Naylor, and Marshall Burke, 2005, “Aquaculture and Ocean Resources: Raising Tigers of the Sea,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30:185-218.
Bernard Nietschmann, 1972, “Hunting and Fishing Focus Among the Miskito Indians, Eastern Nicaragua,” Human Ecology 1(1):41-67.
Irene Novaczek, Jean Mitchell, and Joeli Veitayaki, 2005, Pacific Voices: Equity and Sustainability in the Pacific Island Fisheries, Suva, Fiji: Institute of Pacific Studies Publications.
Stephen R. Palumbi, 2004, “Marine Reserves and Ocean Neighborhoods: The Spatial Scale of Marine Populations and Their Management,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 29:31-68.
Eric Alden Smith, and Mark Wishnie, 2000, “Conservation and Subsistence in Smale-Scale Societies,” Annual Review of Anthropology 29:493-524.
Richard Sosis, 2002, “Patch Choice Decisions among Ifaluk Fishers,” American Anthropologist 104(2):583-598.
David Steadman, 1995, “Prehistoric Extinctions of Pacific Island Birds: Biodiversity Meets Zooarcheology,” Science 267:1123-1131.
David Steadman, and Anne V. Stokes, 2002, “Changing Exploitation of Terrestrial Vertebrates during past 3,000 years on Tobago, West Indies,” Human Ecology 30(3):339-367.
P.J. Stoett, 1993,“International Politics and the Protection of Great Whales,” Environmental Politics 2:277-303.
Frank R. Thomas, 2001, “Remodeling Marine Tenure on the Atolls: A Case Study from Western Kiribati, Micronesia” Human Ecology 29(4):399-423.
Minoru F. Ueki, 2000, “Eco-Consciousness and Development in Palau,” The Contemporary Pacific 12(2):481-487.
Bradley B. Walters, 2004 (April), “Local Management of Mangrove Forests in the Philippines: Successional Conservation or Efficient Resource Exploitation?,” Human Ecology 32(2):177-195.
I. Williamson, and M. Sabath, 1982, “Island Population, Land Area, and Climate: A Case Study of the Marshall Islands,” Human Ecology 10(1):71-84.
William H. Alkire, 1978, Coral Islanders, Arlington Heights, IL: AHM Publishing Corp.
William H. Alkire, 1989, Lamotrek Atoll and Inter-Island Socioeconomic Ties, Arlington Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
John L. Culliney, 2006, Islands in a Far Sea: The Fate of Nature in Hawai`i, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai`i Press [especially Chapter 19 “Aina and Ahupua`a” pp. 313-324, and Ch. 20 “The Remaking of Eden” pp. 325-342].
Raymond Firth, 1966, Malay Fishermen: Their Peasant Economy, New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Co.
Steven Roger Fischer, 2005, Island at the End of the World: The Turbulent History of Easter Island, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Milton M.R. Freeman, Yoshiaki Matsuda, and Kenneth Ruddle, eds., 1991, Adaptive Marine Resource Management: Systems in the Pacific, Philadelphia, PA: Harwood Academic Publishers.
Milton M.R. Freeman, et al., 1998, Inuit, Whaling, and Sustainability, Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
Robert E. Johannes, 1981, Words of the Lagoon: Fishing and Marine Lore in the Palau District of Micronesia, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Patrick V. Kirch, 1984, The Evolution of Polynesian Kingdoms, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Patrick Kirch and Terry Hunt, eds., 1997, Historical Ecology of the Pacific Islands: Prehistoric Environments and Landscape Change, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Paul Gary Nabhan, 2003, Singing the Turtles to Sea: The Comcaac (Seri) Art and Science of Reptiles, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Bernard Nietschmann, 1973, Between Land and Water: The Subsistence Ecology of the Miskito Indians of Eastern Nicaragua, New York, NY: Seminar Press.
Kenneth E. Ruddle, and R.E. Johannes, eds., 1985, Traditional Knowledge and Management of Coastal Systems in Asia and the Pacific, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia: UNESCO Regional Office for Science and Technology for Southeast Asia.
Alan C. Ziegler, 2002, Hawaiian Natural History, Ecology, and Evolution, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai`i Press [especially Chapters 24 “Polynesian Origin and Migration” pp. 307-320, Ch. 25 “Polynesian Ecology” pp. 321-338, and Ch. 26 “Historical Ecology” pp. 339-357].
Recommended web sites:
University of California, Santa Barbara, Faculty (Aswani Shankar, Susan Stonich)
http://www.anth.ucsb.edu
Center for Marine Conservation
http://www.cmc-ocean.org
Global Aquaculture Alliance
http://www.gaalliance.org
Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities
http://www.gpa.unep.org
Hawai’i Conservation Alliance
http://www.hawaiiconservation.org
The Ocean Conservancy
http://www.oceanconservancy.org
Regional Seas-UNEP
http://www.unep.ch/seas
Sustain Hawai`i
http://sustainhawaii.org
Recommended journal:
Maritime Anthropology GN 386 .M38
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12Th Lecture: Is Human Nature Anti-Nature?
Issue: Can historical analyses be detrimental to indigenous rights?
Required reading:
William Balee, 1998, “Historical Ecology: Premises and Postulates,” in Advances in Historical Ecology, W. Balee, ed., New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 13-29, at:
http://www.earthscape.org/r3/ES14449/balee.html
Kent H. Redford, 1990 (Summer), “The Ecologically Noble Savage,” Orion Nature Quarterly 9(3):24-29 (reprinted in Cultural Survival Quarterly 1991, 15(1):46-48. (class handout).
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2001, “Human Impact on Biodiversity, Overview,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego: Academic Press, 3:395-409 [handout].
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2005, “Noble Savage and the Ecologically Noble Savage,” Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, Bron R. Taylor, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Thommes Continuum Press 2:1210-1212 [handout].
Recommended reading:
William S. Abruzzi, 2000, “The Myth of Chief Seattle,” Human Ecology Review 7(1):72-75.
O.W. Archibold, 2002, “Human Impacts on Biota,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:602-607.
Karl W. Butzer, 2001, “Human-Environment Relationships: Prehistoric,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 7050-7056.
William Cronon, 1993, “The Uses of Environmental History,” Environmental History Review 16(2):10-22.
Eve L. Crowley, and Simon E. Carter, 2000, “Agrarian Change and the Changing Relationships between Toil and Soil in Maragoli, Western Kenya (1900-1994),” Human Ecology 28(3):383-414.
William Denevan, 1992, “The Pristine Myth: The Landscape of the Americas in 1492,” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 82(3):369-385.
Jared Diamond, 1995, “Easter’s End,” Discover 16(5):62-69.
Amity A. Doolittle, 2001, “From Village Land to `Native Reserve’: Changes in Property Rights in Sabah, Malaysia, 1950-1996,” Human Ecology 29(1):69-98.
James Fairhead and Melissa Leach, 1995, “False Forest History, Complicit Social Analysis: Rethinking Some West African Environmental Narratives,” World Development 23(6):1023-1103.
John Flenley, 2002, “Easter Island,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:310-314.
Kathleen A. Galvin, 2001, “Ecological Impact of Hunter-Gatherer Societies,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 3:411-415.
Jaboury Ghazoul, and Julian Evans, 2001, “Deforestation and Land Clearing,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 2:23-36.
J. Goudsblom, 2001, “Fire, Human Use, and Consequences,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 5672-5676.
Richard H. Grove, 1992, “Origins of Western Environmentalism,” Scientific American 267(1):42-47.
Stutee Gupta, M.C. Porwal, and P.S. Roy, 2004, “Human Modification of the Tropical Rain Forest of Nicobar Islands: Indicators from Land Use Land Cover Mapping,” Journal of Human Ecology 16(3):163-171.
Thomas N. Headland, et al., 1997, “Revisionism in Ecological Anthropology,” Current Anthropology 38(4):605-630.
C. David Johnson, Timothy A. Kohler, and Jason Cowan, 2005, “Modeling Historical Ecology: Thinking About Contemporary Systems,” American Anthropologist 107(1):96-107.
R.W. Kates, 2001, “Sustainability Transition: Human-Environment Relationships,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 15325-15329.
Patrick V. Kirch, 2005, “Archaeology and Global Change: The Holocene Record,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30:409-440.
Shepard Krech III, 2005, “Reflections on Conservation, Sustainability, and Environmentalism in Indigenous North America,” American Anthropologist 107(1):78-86.
Melissa Leach and James Fairhead, 2002, “Anthropology, Culture, Environment,” in Exotic No More: Anthropology on the Front Lines, Jeremy MacClancy, ed., Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, pp. 209-226.
Carola Lentz, and Hans-Jurgen Sturm, 2001, “Of Trees and Shrines: An Interdisicplinary Approach to Settlement Histories in the West African Savanna,” History in Africa 28:139-168.
William B. Meyer, 2002, “History of Global Change,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:515-520.
William B. Meyer, 2002, “Human Impacts on Earth,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:607-613.
John H. Moore, 2001, “Evaluating Five Models of Human Colonization,” American Anthropologist 103(2):395-408.
A. Endre Nyerges, and Glen Martin Green, 2000, “The Ethnography of Landscape: GIS and Remote Sensing in the Study of Forest Change in West African Guinea Savanna,” American Anthropologist 102(2):271-289.
J. Solway and R.B. Lee, 1990, “Foragers, Genuine or Spurious: Situating the Kalahari San in History,” Current Anthropology 31:109-146.
Matthew Spriggs, 2001, “Future Eaters in Australia, Future Eaters in the Pacific?,” Australian Archaeology 52:53-59.
Leslie Paul Thiele, 2002, “Environmental Movements,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:386-391.
Donald Worster, 1988, “Appendix: Doing Environmental History,” in The Ends of the Earth: Perspectives on Modern Environmental History, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, pp. 289-307.
Donald Worster, 1990, “The Ecology or Order and Chaos,” Environmental History Review 14(1/2):1-18.
Wilbur Zelinsky, 2002, “Human Dimensions of Global Change,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:521-526.
Adger, W.N., P.M. Kelly, and N.H. Ninh, eds., 2001, Living with Environmental Change: Social Resilience, Adaptation and Vulnerability in Vietnam, New York, NY: Routledge.
William Balee, 1994, Footprints of the Forest: Ka’apor Ethnobotany— The Historical Ecology of Plant Utilization by an Amazonian People, New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
P. Bahn and J. Flenley, 1992, Easter Island, Earth Island, London, UK: Thames and Hudson.
Piers Blaikie, and Harold Brookfield, eds., 1987, Land Degradation and Society, New York, NY: Routledge.
Peter Coates, 1998, Nature: Western Attitudes Since Ancient Times, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
William Cronon, 1983, Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England, New York, NY: Hill and Wang.
William Cronon, ed., 1995, Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature, New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
Alfred W. Crosby, Jr., 1972, The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Alfred W. Crosby, Jr., 1993, Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900-1900, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Carole Crumley, ed., 1994, Historical Ecology: Cultural Knowledge and Changing Landscapes, Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research.
Jared Diamond, 1999, Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies, New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Co.
Jared Diamond, 2005, Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed, New York, NY: Viking Press.
James Fairhead and Melissa Leach, 1996, Misreading the African Landscape: Society and Ecology in a Forest-Savanna Mosaic, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Steven Roger Fischer, 2005, Islands at the End of the World: The Turbulent History of Easter Island, New York, NY: Reaktion Books.
Tim F. Flannery, 1995, Future Eaters: An Ecological History of the Australasian Lands and People, New York, NY: George Braziller.
James J. Fox, 1977, Harvest of the Palm: Ecological Change in Eastern Indonesia, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Madhav Gadgil, and Ramachandra Guha, 1992, This Fissured Land: An Ecological History of India, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Clifford Geertz, 1963, Agricultural Involution: The Process of Ecological Change in Indonesia, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Paul Greenough, and Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing, eds., 2003, Nature in the Global South: Environmental Projects in South and Southeast Asia, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Richard H. Grove, Vinita Damodaran, and Satpal Sangwan, eds., 1998, Nature and the Orient: The Environmental History of South and Southeast Asia, Delhi, India: Oxford University Press.
Lucien M. Hanks, 1972, Rice and Man: Agricultural Ecology in Southeast Asia, Arlington Heights, IL: AHM Publishing Co.
Lesley Head, 2000, Cultural Landscapes and Environmental Change, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
J. Donald Hughes, 1975, Ecology of Ancient Civilizations, Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press.
J. Donald Hughes, 2001, An Environmental History of the World: Humankind’s Changing Role in the Community of Life, New York, NY: Routledge.
Arne Kalland, 1995, Fishing Villages in Tokugawa Japan, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
Shepard Krech III, 1999, The Ecological Indian: Myth and History, New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
Valerie L. Kuletz, 1998, The Tainted Desert: Environmental and Social Ruin in the American West, New York, NY: Routledge.
Melissa Leach and Robins Mearns, 1996, The Lie of the Land: Challenging Received Wisdom on the African Environment, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Calvin Martin, 1978, Keepers of the Game: Indian-Animal Relationships and the Fur Trade, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
J.R. McNeil, 2000, An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World, New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Co., Inc.
Clive Ponting, 1991, A Green History of the World: The Environment and Collapse of Great Civilizations, New York, NY: Penguin Books.
Charles L. Redman, 1999, Human Impact on Ancient Environments, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Paul Sachs, 1999, Environments and Historical Change, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Simron Jit Singh, 2003, In the Sea of Influence: A World System Perspective of the Nicobar Islands, Lund, Sweeden: Lund University Human Ecology Division.
Vaclav Smil, 1984, The Bad Earth: Environmental Degradation in China, London, UK: Zen Books, Ltd.
Michael Soule, and Gary Lease, eds., 1994, Reinventing Nature? Responses to Postmodern Deconstructionism, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Richard L. Stevens, 1993, The Trail: A History of the Ho Chi Minh Trail and the Role of Nature in the War in Viet Nam, New York, NY: Garland.
Jo Anne van Tiburg, 1995, Easter Island: Archaeology, Ecology, and Culture, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
B.L. Turner II, et al., eds., 2004, Integrated Land-Change Science and Tropical Deforestation in the Southern Yucatan, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
C. Vecsey, and R.W. Venables, eds., 1980, American Indian Environments: Ecological Issues in Native American History, Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press.
Donald Worster, 1988, The Ends of the Earth: Perspectives on Modern Environmental History, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Donald Worster, 1994, Nature’s Economy: A History of Ecological Ideas, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
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17T Class discussion
Required reading: Moran 2-3, Townsend 5-6
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19Th Case Study 1: The Ecological Transition in Thailand
Case Study 2: Wooded Meadows in Estonia
Required reading:
Leslie E.Sponsel, 1998, “The Historical Ecology of Thailand: Increasing Thresholds of Human Environmental Impact from Prehistory to the Present,” in Advances in Historical Ecology, William Balee, ed., New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 376-404 at: http://www.earthscape.org/r3/ES14449/balee.html
Recommended reading:
John W. Bennett, 1976, “The Ecological Transition: From Equilibrium to Disequilibrium,” The Ecological Transition: Cultural Anthropology and Human Adaptation, Elmsford, NY: Pergamn Press, pp. 123-155.
Leo A. Despres, 1994, “An Interview with John Bennett,” Current Anthropology 35(5):653-664.
T. Forsythe, 1996, “Science, Myth, and Knowledge: Testing Himalayan Environmental Degradation in Thailand,” Geoforum 27:375-392.
Peter Kunstadter, 1989, “The End of the Frontier: Culture and Environment Interactions in Thailand,” Culture and Environment in Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand: Siam Society, pp. 543-552.
Alvin W. Wolfe, and Thomas Weaver, 2006 (March), “John W. Bennett (1915-2005),” American Anthropologist 108(1):266-268.
James David Fahn, 2003, A Land on Fire: The Environmental Consequences of the Southeast Asian Boom, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
C. Gibson, M. McKean, and E. Orstrom, eds., 2000, People and Forests: Communities, Institutions, and Governance, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Philip Hirsch, ed., 1996, Seeing Forests for Trees: Environment and Environmentalism in Thailand, Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books.
Emilio F. Moran, E. Ostrom, eds., 2005, Seeing the Forest and the Trees: Human-Environment Interactions in Forest Ecosystems, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Michael J.G. Parnwell, and Raymond L. Bryant, eds., 1996, Environmental Change in South-East Asia, New York, NY: Routledge.
Leslie E. Sponsel, Thomas N. Headland, and Robert C. Bailey, eds., 1996, Tropical Deforestation: The Human Dimension, New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
Michael Williams, 2002, Deforesting the Earth: From Prehistory to Global Crisis, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
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24T *** Panel 2. ***
Recommended web sites:
American Society for Environmental History
http://www.h-net.org/~environ/ASEH/welcome_IE4.html
Association for Environmental Archaeology
http://www.envarch.net
Environment history bibliography, Duke University
http://www.lib.duke.edu/forest/ehback.html
European Society for Environmental History
http://www.eseh.org
Recommended journals:
Forest and Conservation History (1990-1995) SD 140 .F6
Environmental History (1996- ) GE 1 .E585
Environmental Review (1976-1989) HM 206 .E58
Environmental History Review (1990-1995) HM 206 .E58
Forest History (1959-1974) SD 140 .F6
Journal of Forest History (1975-1989) SD 140 .F6
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PART V: POLITICAL ECOLOGY
26Th Video: Mini-Dragons II: Thailand (VHS 10571, 60 min.)
Recommended videos:
Blowpipes and Bulldozers: The Story of the Penan Tribe and Bruno Manser (Borneo) (VHS 1332, min.)
Earth First: The Struggle to Save Australia’s Rain Forest (VHS #2635, 58 min.)
Gertrude Blom: Guardian of the Forest (Maya, Yucatan) (VHS 6611, min.)
The Hmong Hill Tribe People of Laos (VHS 9903)
To Protect Mother Earth (Shoshone)(VHS #5413, 59 min.)
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31T PowerPoint Lecture:
Can Genuine Social and Environmental Justice Restore Ecosanity?
Issue: Is research in political ecology itself political?
Required reading:
James B. Greenberg and Thomas K. Park, 1994, “Political Ecology,” Journal of Political Ecology 1(1):1-12 at:
http://www.library.arizona.edu/ej/jpe/jpeweb.html
http://www.library.arizona.edu/ej/jpe/volume_1/Foreword.PDF
Paul E. Little, 1999, “Environmentalists and Environmentalisms in Anthropological Research: Facing a New Millennium,” Annual Review of Anthropology 28:253-284 at:
http://uhmanoa.lib.hawaii.edu (Basic Search > Annual Review of Anthropology > Current Issues > October 1999 v. 28 > Paul E. Little > Full Text > PDF).
Michael Renner, 2002, “The Anatomy of Resource Wars,” Worldwatch Paper 162, pp. 1-91.
http://www.worldwatch.org
Recommended reading:
James Acheson, 2000, “Clearcutting Maine: Implications for the Theory of Common Property Resources,” Human Ecology 28(2):145-169.
Arun Agrawal, 2005, “Environmentality: Community, Intimate Government, and the Making of Environmental Subjects in Kumaoan, India,” Current Anthropology 46(2):161-190.
Arun Agrawal, 2002, “Indigenous Knowledge and the Politics of Classification,” International Social Science Journal 173:287-297.
Arun Agrawal, and C.C. Gibson, 1999, “Enchantment and Disenchanment: The Role of Community in Natural Resource Management,” World Development 27(4):629-649.
Miyan Rukunuddin Ahmed, and Jan G. Laarman, 2000, “Gender Equity in Social Forestry Programs in Bangladesh,” Human Ecology 28(3):433-450.
M.A.O. Aluko, 2003, “Social Dimensions and Consequences of Environmental Degradation in the Niger Delta of Nigeria,” Journal of Human Ecology 14(4):263-269.
M.A.O. Aluko, 2004, “Sustainable Development, Environmental Degradation and the Entrenchment of Poverty in the Niger Delta of Nigeria,” Journal of Human Ecology 15(1):63-68.
Mauro Barbosa de Almeida, 2002, “The Politics of Amazonian Conservation: The Struggle of Rubber Tappers,” Journal of Latin American Anthropology 7(1):170-219.
Daniel Bates, and T.K. Rudel, 2000, “The Political Ecology of Conserving Tropical Rain Forests: A Cross-National Analysis,” Society and Natural Resources, 13:619-634.
Simon Batterbury, 2001, “Landscapes of Diversity: A Local Political Ecology of Livelihood Diversification in South-Western Niger,” Ecumene 8(4):437-464.
M. Beresford, and L. Fraser, 1992, “Political Economy of the Environment in Vietnam,” Journal of Contemporary Asia 22:3-19.
P. Blaikie, 1995, “Changing Environments or Changing Views? A Political Ecology for Developing Countries,” Geography 80:203-214.
K.E. Brandon and M. Wells, 1992, “Planning for People and Parks: Design Dilemmas,” World Development 20(4):557-570.
R. Broad, 1995, “The Political Economy of Natural Resources: Case Studies of the Indonesian and Philippine Forest Sectors,” The Journal of Developing Areas 29:317-340.
D. Brockington, 2004, “Community Conservation, Inequality, and Injustice: Myths of Power in Protected Area Management,” Conservation and Society 2(2):411-432.
Mette J. Brogden and James B. Greenberg, 2003, “The Fight for the West: A Political Ecology of Land Use Conflicts in Arizona,” Human Organization 62(3):289-298.
J. Peter Brosius, 1997, “Endangered Forest, Endangered People: Environmentalist Representations of Indigenous Knowledge,” Human Ecology 25(1):47-70.
J. Peter Brosius, 1999, “Analyses and Interventions: Anthropological Engagements with Environmentalism,” Current Anthropology 40(3):277-309.
J. Peter Brosius, 1999,“Green Dots, Pink Hearts: Displacing Politics from the Malaysian Rain Forest,” American Anthropologist 101(1):36-57.
J. Peter Brosius, 2004, “Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas at the World Parks Congress,” Conservation Biology 18(5):609-612.
J. Peter Brosius, and Dianne Russell, 2003, “Conservation from Above: An Anthropological Perspective on Transboundary Protected Areas and Ecoregional Planning,” Journal of Sustainable Forestry 17(1/2):39-65.
Peter J. Brosius, Ann Lowenhaupt Tsing, and Charles Zerner, 1998, “Representing Communities: Histories and Politics of Community-based Natural Resource Management,” Society and Natural Resources 11(2):157-168.
Stephen Brush, 1993, “Indigenous Knowledge of Biological Resources and Intellectual Property Rights: The Role of Anthropology,” American Anthropologist 95(3):653-686.
Raymond L. Bryant, 1992, “Political Ecology: An Emerging Research Agenda,” Political Geography 11(1):12-36.
R. Bullard, 2001, “Environmental Justice,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 4627-4633.
Bryan E. Burke, 2001, “Hardin Revisited: A Critical Look at Perception and Logic of Commons,” Human Ecology 29(4):449-476.
Heide Castaneda, 1999, “Reevaluating Political Constructs of Ecology and Sustainability,” Culture and Agriculture 21(3):59-60.
Mac Chapin, 2004 (November/December), “A Challenge to Conservationists,” Worldwatch Magazine 17-31.
http://www.worldwatch.org
Mac Chapin, Zachary Lamb, and Bill Threlkeld, 2005, “Mapping Indigenous Lands,” Annual Review of Anthropology 34:619-638.
Gerard Clarke, 2001, “From Ethnocide to Ethnodevelopment? Ethnic Minorities and Indigenous Peoples in Southeast Asia,” Third World Quarterly 22(3):413-436.
Richard O. Clemmer, 2004, “The Legal Effect of the Judgement: Indian Land Claims, Ecological Anthropology, Social Impact Assessment, and the Public Domain,” Human Organization 63(3):334-345.
Marcus Colchester, 2000, “Self-Determinism or Environmental Determinism for Indigenous Peoples in Tropical Forest Conservation,” Conservation Biology 14(5):1365-1367.
P. Dauvergne, 1993/1994, “The Politics of Deforestation in Indonesia,” Pacific Affairs 66:497-518.
Henry D. Delcore, 2003, “Nongovernmental Organizations and the Work of Memory in Northern Thailand,” American Ethnologist 30(1):61-84.
Bill Derman, and Anne Fergusoin, 2003, “Value of Water: Political Ecology and Water Reform in Southern Africa,” Human Organization 62(3):277-288.
Michael R. Dove, 1983, “Theories of Swidden Agriculture and the Political Economy of Ignorance,” Agroforestry Systems 1:85-99.
Michael R. Dove, 1993, “A Revisionist View of Tropical Deforestation and Development,” Environmental Conservation 20(1):17-24, 56.
Michael R. Dove, 2003, “Bitter Shade: Throwing Light on Politics and Ecology in Contemporary Pakistan,” Human Organization 62(3):229-241.
David Ehrenfeld, 2000, “War and Peace and Conservation Biology,” Conservation Biology 14(1):105-112.
H.M. Enzensberger, 1974, “A Critique of Political Ecology,” New Left Review 84:3-31.
Jamison Ervin 2003, “Rapid Assessment of Protected Area Management Effectiveness in Four Countries,” BioScience 53(9):833-841.
Arturo Escobar, 1999, “After Nature: Steps to an Anti-Essentialist Political Ecology,” Current Anthropology 40(1):1-30.
T. Forsyth, 1996, “Science, Myth and Knowledge: Testing the Theory of Himalayan Environmental Degradation in Thailand,” Geoforum 27:375-392.
Eileen Gauna, 2002, “Essay on Environmental Justice: The Past, the Present, and Back to the Future,” Natural Resource Journal 42:701-722.
Robert J. Gregory, 2000, “The Tragedy of the Commons: Reflections on Human Ecology in Academic Settings,” Journal of Human Ecology 11(5):379-381.
Ramachandra Guha, 1989, “Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third World Critique,” Environmental Ethics 11:71-83.
Ramachandra Guha, 1997, “The Authoritarian Biologist and the Arrogance of Anti-Humanism: Wildlife Conservation in the Third World,” The Ecologist 27(1):14-20.
J. Guthman, 1997, “Representing Crisis: The Theory of Himalayan Environmental Degradation and the Project of Development in Post-Rana Nepal,” Development and Change 28(1):45-69.
Charles R. Hale, 2006, “Activist Research vs. Cultural Critique: Indigenous Land Rights and the Contradictions of Politically Engaged Anthropology,” Cultural Anthropology 21(1):96-120.
Annette Hamilton, 2001, “State’s Margins, Peoples’s Centre: Space and History in the southern Thai Jungles,” Nomadic Peoples n.s. 5(2):89-103.
Garrett Hardin, 1968, “The Tragedy of the Commons,” Science 162:1243-1248.
Krista Harper, 2005, “`Wild Capitalism’ and `Ecocolonialism’: A Tale of Two Rivers,” American Anthropologist 107(2):221-233.
T. Hayward, 1994, “The Meaning of Political Ecology,” Radical Philosophy 66:11-20.
Hershkovitz, L., 1993, “Political Ecology and Environmental Management in the Loess Plateau, China,” Human Ecology 21:327-353.
Philip Hirsch, and Larry Lohmann, 1989, “Contemporary Politics of Environment in Thailand,” Asian Survey 29:439-451.
Dorothy Hodgson and Richard A. Schroeder, 2002, “ Dilemmas Of Counter-Mapping Community Resources in Tanzania,” Development and Change 33:79-100.
Thomas Homer-Dixon, et al., 1993, “Environmental Change and Violent Conflict,” Scientific American 268(2):38-45.
Neil L. Jamieson, Le Trong Cuc, and A. Terry Rambo, 1998 (November), “The Development Crisis in Vietnam’s Mountains,” Honolulu, HI: East-West Center Special Reports Number 6.
L. Jarosz, 2001, “Feminist Political Ecology,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 5472-5475.
David Johns, 1990, “The Relevance of Deep Ecology to the Third World,” Environmental Ethics 12(3):233-252.
J. Kaiser, 2001, “Bold Corridor Project Confronts Political Reality,” Science 293:2196-2199.
Arne Kalland, 1993, “Whale Politics and Green Legitimacy: A Critique of the Anti-Whaling Campaign,” Anthropology Today 9(6):3-7.
C. Kull, 2002, “Madagascar Aflame: Landscape Burning as Peasant Protest, Resistance, or a Resource Management Tool,” Political Geography 21:927-953.
Luke Eric Lassiter, 2005, “Collaborative Ethnography and Public Anthropology,” Current Anthropology 46(1):83-106.
Larry Lohmann, 1993, “Green Orientalism,” The Ecologist 23(6):202-204.
Larry Lohmann, 1999, “Forest Cleansing: Racial Oppression in Scientific Nature Conservation,” The Cornerhouse, Briefing No. 13.
Flora E. Lu, 2001, “The Common Property Regime of the Huaorani Indians of Ecuador: Implications and Challenges to Conservation,” Human Ecology 29(4):425-447.
T. Luke, 1995, “On Environmentality: Geo-power and Eco-knowledge in the Discourses of Contemporary Environmentalism,” Cultural Critique 31:57-81.
K. MacDonald, 2005, “Global Hunting Grounds: Power, Scale and Ecology in the Negotiation of Conservation,” Cultural Geographies 12(3):259-291.
Joseph Masco, 2004, “Mutant Ecologies: Radioactive Life in Post-Cold War New Mexico,” Cultural Anthropology 19(4):517-550.
Josh McDaniel, 2002, “Confronting the Structure of International Development: Political Agency and the Chiquitanos of Bolivia,” Human Ecology 30(3):369-396.
R.P. Neumann, 1992, “Political Ecology of Wildlife Conservation in the Mt. Meru Area of Northeast Tanzania,” Land Degradation and Rehabilitation 3:85-98.
R.P. Neumann, 1995, “Ways of Seeing Africa: Colonial Recasting of African Society and Landscape in Serengeti National Park,” Ecumene 2:149-169.
R.P. Neumann, 1997, “Primitive Ideas: Protected Area Buffer Zones and the Politics of Land in Africa,” Development and Change 28(3):559-582.
W. Newmark, and J. Hough, 2000, “Conserving Wildlife in Africa: Integrated Conservation and Development Projects and Beyond,” BioScience 50(7):585-592.
J.W. Nicola and E. Viola, 1994, “Integrating Environmentalism and Human Rights,” Environmental Ethics 16(3):265-273.
J. O’Connor, 1988, “Capitalism, Nature, and Socialism: A Theoretical Introduction,” Capitalism, Nature and Socialism 1:11-38.
R. Michael O’Flaherty, 2003, “The Tragedy of Property: Ecology and Land Tenure in Southeastern Zimbabwe,” Human Organization 62(2):178-190.
Olu Okotoni, 2004, “Awareness and Environmental Management in Oil Companies in Nigeria,” Journal of Human Ecology 15(1):13-17.
B. O’Laughlin, 1975, “Marxist Approaches in Anthropology,” Annual Review of Anthropology 4:341-370.
Bejamin S. Orlove, 1991, “Mapping Reeds and Reading Maps: The Politics of Representation in Lake Titicaca,” American Ethnologist 18(1):3-38.
Christopher O. Orubu, Ayodele Odusola, and William Ehwarieme, 2004, “The Nigerian Oil Industry: Environmental Diseconomies, Management Strategies and the Need for Community Involvement,” Journal of Human Ecology 16(3):203-214.
E. Ostrom, et al., 1999, “Revisiting the Commons: Local Lessons, Global Challenges,” Science 284(5412):278.
Susan Paulson, Lisa L. Gezon, and Michael Watts, 2003, “Locating the Political in Political Ecology,” Human Ecology 62(3):205-217.
Nancy Peluso, 1995, “Whose Woods Are These? Counter-Mapping Forest Territories in Kalimantan, Indonesia,” Antipode 27(4):383-406.
C. Peres and John Terborgh, 1995, “Amazonian Nature Reserves: An Analysis of the Defensibility Status of Existing Conservation Units and Design Criteria for the Future,” Conservation Biology 9(1):34-46.
Adrian Philips, 2003, “Turning Ideas on Their Head: The New Parfadigm for Protected Areas,” The George Wright Forum 20(2):8-32.
Apichai Puntasen, S. Siriprachai, and C. Puyasavatsut, 1992, “Political Economy of Eucalyptus: Business, Bureaucracy, and the Thai Government,” Journal of Contemporary Asia 22:187-206.
Roy A. Rappaport, 1992, “The Anthropology of Trouble,” American Anthropologist 95(2):295-303.
Jonathan Rigg, 1991, “Thailand’s Nam Choan Dam Project: A Case Study in the `Greening’ of South-East Asia,” Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 1:42-54.
Jonathan Rigg, 1993, “Forests and Farmers, Lands and Livelihoods: Changing Resource Realities in Thailand,” Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 3:277-289.
Jonathan Rigg, and P. Scott, 1996, “Forest Tales: Politics, Environmental Policies and Their Implementation in Thailand,” in Comparative Environmental Policy and Politics, U. Desai, ed., Albany, NY: State University Press of New York.
R. Santos, et al., 1997, “Tapirs, Tractors and Tapes: The Changing Economy and Ecology of the Xavante Indians of Central Brazil,” Human Ecology 25:545-566.
Nathan Sayre, 1999, “The Cattle Boom in Arizona: Towards a Critical Political Ecology,” Journal of the Southwest 41(2):239-271.
R. Schroeder, 1993, “Shady Practice: Gender and the Political Ecology of Resource Stabilization in Gambian Garden/Orchards,” Economic Geography 69(4):349-365.
Claudio Schuftan, 2005, “Food and Nutrition 2005: The Human Rights Perspective,” Ecology of Food and Nutrition 44(3):247-252.
Stephan Schwartzman, Daniel Nepstad, and Adriana Moreira, 2000, “Arguing Tropical Forest Conservation: People versus Parks,” Conservation Biology 14(5):1370-1374.
Subhash Sharma, 2001, “Managing Environment: A Critique of `the tragedy of commons’,” Journal of Human Ecology 12(1):1-9.
Thomas Sheridan, 2001, “Cows, Condos, and the Contested Commons: The Political Ecology of Ranching on the Arizona-Sonora Border,” Human Organization 60(2):141-152.
Paul Sillitoe, 1998, “The Development of Indigenous Knowledge,” Current Anthropology 39(2):223-252.
Society for Applied Anthropology, 2003 (Fall), “Locating the Political in Political Ecology,” Human Organization 62(3):205-298 (special issue).
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2000, “Identities, Ecologies, Rights, and Futures: All Endangered,” in Endangered Peoples of Southeast and East Asia, Leslie E. Sponsel, ed., Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,pp. 1-22.
Glenn Davis Stone, 2004, “Biotechnology and the Political Economy of Information in India,” Human Organization 63(2):127-140.
Susan C. Stonich, 1992, “Struggling with Honduran Poverty: The Environmental Consequences of Natural Resource Based Development and Rural Transformations,” World Development 20:383-399.
Susan C. Stonich, 2001, “Political Ecology,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 4053-4058.
Susan C. Stonich, and Conner Bailey, 2000, “Resisting the Blue Revolution,” Contending Coalitions Surrounding Industrial Shrimp Farming,” Human Organization 59(1):23-36.
Amanda Stronza, 201, “Anthropology of Tourism: Forging New Ground for Ecotourism and Other Alternatives,” Annual Review of Anthropology 30:261-283.
Paul B. Trawick, 2001, “Successfully Governing the Commons: Principles of Social Organization in an Andean Irrigation System,” Human Ecology 29(1):1-25.
Paul B. Trawick, 2001, “The Moral Economy of Water: Equity and Antiquity in the Andean Commons,” American Anthropologist 103(2):361-379.
Nasir Uddin, 2005, “Grass Without Roots: Experience of Development and Environmental Resource Management in Bangladesh,” South Asian Anthropologist 5(1):89-96.
Ann Danaiya Usher, 1994, “After the Forest: AIDS as Ecological Collapse in Thailand,” Thai Development Newsletter 26:20-32.
Flavio L.S. Valente, Maarten D.C. Immink, and Denise Costa-Coitinho, 2001, “How Political and Social Activism Lead to a Human Rights Approach ro Food and Nutritional Security,” Ecology of Food and Nutrition 40(6):619-633.
Marcela Vasquez-Leon, and Diana Liverman, 2004, “The Political Ecology of Land-use Change: Affluent Ranchers and Destitute Farmers in the Mexican Municipio of Alamos,” Human Organization 63(1):21-33.
John Wagner, 2000, “The Politics of Accountability: An Institutional Analysis of the Conservation Movement in Papua New Guinea,” Social Analysis 45(2):78-93.
David Waller, 1996, “Friendly Fire: When Environmentalists Dehumanize American Indians,” American Indian Culture and Research Journal 20(2):107-126.
Andrew Walsh, 2005, “The Obvious Aspects of Ecological Underprivilege in Ankarana, Northern Madagascar,” American Anthropologist 107(4):654-665.
B.B. Walters and Andrew P. Vayda, 1999, “Against Political Ecology,” Human Ecology 27(1):167-179.
Nreka Weeratunge, 2000, “Nature, Harmony, and the Kaliyugaya: Global/Local Discourse on the Human-Environment Relationship,” Current Anthropology 41(2):249-268.
Paige West, 2005, “Translation, Value, and Space: Theorizing an Ethnographic and Engaged Environmental Anthropology,” American Anthropologist 107(4):632-642.
A. V. Whyte, 2001, “Environmental Security,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 4663-4667.
Emma Wilson, 2003, “Freedom and Loss in a Human Landscape: Multinational Oil Exploitation and the Survival of Reindeer Herding in north-eastern Sakhalin, the Russian Far East,” Sibiica: Journal of Siberian Studies 3(1):21-47.
Eric R. Wolf, 1972, “Ownership and Political Ecology,” Anthropological Quarterly 45:201-205.
Charles Zerner, 1994, “Through a Green Lens: The Construction of Customary Environmental Law and Community in Indonesia’s Maluku Islands, Law and Society Review 28(5):1079-1122.
K.S. Zimmer, 2001, “Ecological Imperialism,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 4026-4027.
Mary Ellen Zuppan, 2000, “Including Herders in Conservation Management,” Development Anthropologist 18(1/2):3-17.
William M. Adams, and Martin Mulligan, eds., 2003, Decolonizing Nature: Strategies for Conservation in a Post-colonial Era, London, UK: Earthscan Publications.
Adrian Atkinson, 1991, Principles of Political Ecology, London, UK: Belhaven Press.
Luiz Barbosa, 2000, The Brazilian Amazon Rainforest: Global Ecopolitics, Development, and Democracy, Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
W. Bello, S. Cunningham, and L.K. Poh, 1998, A Siamese Tragedy: Development and Disintegration in Thailand, London, UK: Zed Books.
Bruce Braun, 2002, The Intemperate Rainforest: Nature, Culture, and Power on Canada’s West Coast, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
J. Peter Brosius, Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing, and Charles Zerner, eds., 2005, Communities and Conservation: Histories and Politics of Community-Based Natural Resource Management, Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
Stephen Brush and Doreen Stabinsky, eds., 1995, Valuing Local Knowledge: Indigenous People and Intellectual Property Rights, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Raymond L. Bryant, 1997, The Political Ecology of Forestry in Burma, 1824-1994, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
Raymond L. Bryant, and S. Bailey, 1997, Third World Political Ecology, New York, NY: Routledge. (See “A Guide to Further Reading” on pp. 197-201).
Robert Bullard, ed., 1993, Confronting Environmental Racism: Voices from the Grassroots, Boston, MA: South End Press.
J. Carrier, ed., 2004, Confronting Environments: Local Understanding in a Globalizing World, Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira
Press.
Chris Coggins, 2003, The Tiger, the Pangolin: Nature, Culture and Conservation in China, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
Marcus Colchester, 1989, Pirates, Squatters, and Poachers: The Political Ecology of Dispossession of the Native Peoples of Sarawak, London, UK: Survival International.
Helen Collinson, ed., 1996, Green Guerrillas: Environmental Conflicts and Initiatives in Latin America and the Caribbean, London, UK: Latin American Bureau.
James David Fahn, 2003, A Land On Fire: The Environmental Consequences of the Southeast Asian Boom, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Gail A. Fondahl, 1908, Gaining Ground? Evenkis, Land, and Reform in Southeastern Siberia, Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Tim Forsyth, 2003, Critical Political Ecology: The Politics of Environmental Science, New York, NY: Routledge.
J. Friedmann, and H. Rangan, eds., 1993, In Defense of Livelihood: Comparative Studies in Environmental Action, West Hartfoed, CT: Kumarian Press.
Lisa L. Gezon and Susan Paulson, eds., 2005, Political Ecology across Spaces, Scales, and Social Groups, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Clark C. Gibson, 1999, Politicians and Poachers: The Political Economy of Wildlife Policy in Africa, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Stefan Gossling, ed., 2003, Tourism and Development in Tropical Islands: Political Ecology Perspectives, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishers.
Robert Gottlieb, 2005, Forcing the Spring: The Transformation of the American Environmental Movement, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Paul R. Greenough, and Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing, eds.,2003, Nature in the Global South: Environmental Projects in South and Southeast Asia, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Lawrence S. Grossman, 1998, The Political Ecology of Bananas: Contract Farming, Peasants, and Agrarian Change in the Eastern Caribbean, Durham, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
R. Grundemann, 1991, Marxism and Ecology, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Ramachandra Guha, 2000, Unquiet Woods: Ecological Change and Peasant Resistance in the Himalayas, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Akhil Gupta, 1998, Postcolonial Developments: Agriculture and the Making of Modern India, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Tom H. Hastings, 2000, Ecology of War and Peace: Counting Costs of Conflict, Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
Mark Hertsgaard, 1998, Earth Odyssey: Around the World in Search of Our Environmental Future, New York, NY: Broadway.
Philip Hirsch, 1993, Political Economy of Environment in Thailand, Manila, Philippines: Journal of Contemporary Asia Publishers.
Philip Hurst, 1990, Rainforest Politics: Ecological Destruction in South-East Asia, London, UK: Zed Books, Ltd.
Jim Ingoe, 2004, Conservation and Globalization: A Study of National Parks and Indigenous Communities from East Africa to South Dakota, New York, NY: Thomson Wadsworth.
Kees Jansen, 1998, Political Ecology, Mountain Agriculture, and Knowledge in Honduras, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Thela Publishers.
Josh Karliner, 1997, The Corporate Planet: Ecology and Politics in the Age of Globalization, San Francisco, CA: Sierra Club Books.
Charles E. Kay, and Randy T. Simmons, 2002, Wilderness and Political Ecology: Aboriginal Influences and the Original State f Nature, Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press.
Joel Kovel, 2002, The Enemy of Nature: The End of Capitalism or the End of the World, Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Zed Books.
James Leach, 2003, Creative Land: Place and Procreation on the Rai Coast of Papua New Guinea, New York, NY: Berg.
Leungaramsri, P., and N. Rajesh, N., 1992, The Future of People and Forests in Thailand after the Logging Ban, Bangkok, Thailand: Project for Ecological Recovery.
R. Lipschutz, and K. Conca, eds., 1993, The State and Social Power in Global Environmental Politics, New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
R. Lipschutz, and J. Mayer, eds., 1996, Global Civil Society and Global Environmental Governance: The Politics of Nature from Place to Planet, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Paul E. Little, M. Horowtiz, and A.E. Nyerges, eds., 1987, Lands at Riskj in the Third World: Local-Level Perspectives, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Nicholas Low, 1998, Justice, Society and Nature: An Exploration of Political Ecology, New York, NY: Routledge.
Tuck-Po Lye, et al., eds., 2003, The Political Ecology of Tropical Forests in Southeast-Asia: Historical Perspectives, Kyoto, Japan: Kyoto University Press.
Catherine Magallanes, J. Irons, and Malcom Hollick, eds., 1995, Land Conflicts in Southeast Asia: Indigenous Peoples, Environment and International Law, Bangkok, Thailand: White Lotus Press.
J. Terrence McCabe, 2004, Cattle Bring Us To Our Enemies: Turkana Ecology, History, and Raiding in a Disequilibrium System, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Bonnie McCay and James Acheson, eds., 1987, The Question of the Commons: A Cultural Ecology of Communal Resources, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Carolyn Merchant, 2005, Radical Ecology: The Search for a Livable World, New York, NY: Routledge.
R.P. Neumann, 1998, Imposing Wilderness: Struggles over Livelihood and Nature Preservation in Africa, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
John F. Oates, 1999, Myth and Reality in the Rain Forest: How Conservation Strategies Are Failing in West Africa, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
E. Ostrom, 1990, Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Michael Painter and William H. Durham, 1998, The Social Causes of Environmental Destruction in Latin America, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Michael J.G. Parnwell, and Raymond L. Bryant, eds., 1996, Environmental Change in South-East Asia: People, Politics, and Sustainable Development, New York, NY: Routledge.
Richard Peet, and Michael Watts, eds., 1996, Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, and Social Movements, New York, NY: Routledge.
Nancy Peluso, 1994, Rich Forests, Poor People: Resource Control and Resistance in Java, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Nancy Peluso, and Michael Watts, eds., 2001, Violent Environments, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Romina Picolotti, and Jorge Daniel Tallant, eds., 2002, Linking Human Rights and the Environment, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Francisco J. Pinchon, J. Uquillas, and J. Frechione, eds., 1999, Traditional and Modern Natural Resource Management in Latin America, Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
Mark Poffenberger, ed., 1990, Keepers of the Forest: Land Management Alternatives in Southeast Asia, Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press.
Darrel Addison Posey, 1996, Traditional Resource Rights, Gland, Switzerland: IUCN.
Darrel Addison Posey, and G. Dutfield, 1996, Beyond Intellectual Property Rights, Ottawa, Canada: IDRC Books.
Steven V. Price, ed., 2002, War and Tropical Forests: Conservation in Areas of Armed Conflict, Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press, Inc.
A. Terry Rambo, Kathleen Gillogly, and Karl L. Hutterer, eds., 1988, Ethnic Diversity and the Control of Natural Resources in Southeast Asia, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies Paper No. 32.
Paul Richards, 1996, Fighting for the Rain Forest: War, Youth, and Resources in Sierra Leone, Portsmouth, NH: Heineman.
Jonathan Rigg, ed., 1995, Counting the Costs: Economic Growth and Environmental Change in Thailand, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asia Studies.
Paul Robbins, 2004, Political Ecology, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
D. Rocheleau, B. Thomas-Slayter, and E. Wangari, eds., 1996, Feminist Political Ecology, London, UK: Routledge.
Annabel Rodda, 1991, Woman and Environment, London, UK: Zed Books.
Ira Rohter, 1992, A Green Hawai`i: Sourcebook for Development Alternatives, Honolulu, HI: Na Kane O Ka Malo Press.
Andrew Rowell, 1997, Green Backlash: Global Subversion of the Environmental Movement, New York, NY: Routledge.
Aaron Sachs, 1995, Eco-Justice: Linking Human Rights and the Environment, Washington, D.C.: Worldwatch Papers 127.
Rik Scarce, 2005, Eco-Warriors: Understanding the Radical Environmental Movement, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Thomas Sheridan, 1996, Where the Dove Calls: The Political Ecology of Peasant Corporate Community in Northwestern Mexico, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Vandana Shiva, 1997, The Violence of the Green Revolution: Third World Agriculture, Ecology and Politics, New York, NY: Zed Books.
Susan Stonich, 1993, “I am Destroying the Land!”: The Political Ecology of Poverty and Environmental Destruction in Honduras, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Jacqueline Vaughn Switzer, 1997, Green Backlash: The History and Politics of Environmental Opposition in the United States. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.
Bron Raymond Taylor, ed., 1995, Ecological Resistance Movements: The Global Emergence of Radical and Popular Environmentalism, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing, 1993, In the Realm of the Diamond Queen: Marginality in an Out-of-the-Way Place, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
David M. Standlea, 2005, Oil, Globalization, and the War for the Arctic Refuge, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
D.M. Warren, et al., 1989, The Cultural Dimensions of Development, London, UK: Intermediate Technology Publications.
Weaver, Jace, ed., 1996, Defending Mother Earth: Native American Perspectives on Environmental Justice, Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books.
B. Weinberg, 1991, War on the Land: Ecology and Politics in Central America, London, UK: Zed Books.
George Wenzel, 1991, Animal Rights, Human Rights: Ecology, Economy, and Ideology in the Canadian Arctic, Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press.
E.N. Wilmsen, 1989, Land Filled with Flies: A Political Economy of the Kalahari, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Lyuba Zarsky, ed., 2002, Human Rights and the Environment: Conflicts and Norms in a Globalizing World, London, UK: Earthscan Publications.
Charles Zerner, ed., 2000, People, Plants and Justice: The Politics of Nature Conservation, New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
Charles Zerner, ed., 2003, Culture and the Question of Rights: Forests, Coasts, and Seas in Southeast Asia, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Recommended web sites (environmental NGOs):
Apollo Alliance
http://www.apolloalliance.org
Conservation International
http://www.conservation.org
Defenders of Wildlife
http://www.defenders.org
Earth First!
http://www.earthfirst.org
Earth Island Institute
http://www.earthisland.org
Earth Justice
http://www.earthjustice.org
Earth Liberation Front
http://www.earthliberationfront.com
Environmental Action
http://www.environmental-action.org
Environmental Defense Fund
http://www.environmentaldefensefund.org
Forest Ethics
http://www.forestethics.org
Friends of the Earth
http://www.foe.org
Global Exchange
http://www.globalexchange.org
Green Earth Foundation
http://www.rmetzner-greenearth.org
Green Group
http://www.green-group.com
Green Party
http://www.greens.org
Greenpeace
http://www.greenpeace.org
Izaak Walton League
http://www.iwla.org
League of Conservation Voters
http://www.lcv.org
Mountain Institute
http://www.mountain.org
National Audubon Society
http://www.audubon.org
National Wildlife Federation
http://www.nwf.org
Natural Resources Defense Council
http://www.nrdc.org
Rainforest Action Network
http://www.ran.org
Rainforest Alliance
http://www.rainforest-alliance.org
River Keeper
http://www.riverkeeper.org
Rocky Mountain Institute
http://www.rmi.org
Ruckus Society
http://www.ruckus.org
Sierra Club
http://www.sierraclub.org
The Nature Conservancy
http://www.nature.org
Water Keeper
http://www.waterkeeper.org
World Conservation Union (IUCN)
http://www.iucn.org
World Rainforest Movement
http://www.wrm.org
World Resources Institute
http://www.wri.org
World Watch Institute
http://www.worldwatch.org
World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
http://www.worldwildlife.org
http://www.panda.org
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November
2Th *** Quiz #2 due ***
CASE STUDY: Gold Mining in Yanomami Territory: The Synergy of Ecocide, Ethnocide, and Genocide
Video: Contact: Yanomami Indians of Brazil (VHS 4962, min.)
Recommended videos:
Amazon Journal (VHS 15243, min.)
First Contact (Australian miners in Papua New Guinea) (VHS 4397, min).
Required reading:
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2006, “Yanomamo,” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 5:2347-2351.
http://www.sagepub.com
Recommended reading:
Chris Ballard, and Glenn Banks, 2003, “Resource Wars: The Anthropology of Mining,” Annual Review of Anthropology 32:287-313.
Gavin Bridge, 2004, “Contested Terrain: Mining and the Environment,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 29:205-259.
David G. Casagrande, 2006, “Venezuela,” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 5:2267-2271.
Robert K. Hitchcock, 1994, “International Human Rights, the Environment and Indigenous People,” Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law 5(1):1-22.
Heidi Holland, and Robert J. Gregory, 2003, “Greed for Gold: The Challenge for Human Ecologists,” Journal of Human Ecology 14(5):313-322.
A. Magdalena Hurtado, et al., 2005, “Human Rights, Biomedical Science, and Infectious Diseases among South American Indigenous Groups,” Annual Review of Anthropology 34:639-665.
Jean E. Jackson, and Kay B. Warren, 2005, “Indigenous Movements in Latin America, 1992-2004: Controversies, Issues, and New Directions,” Annual Review of Anthropology 34:549-573.
Barbara Rose Johnston, 1995, “Human Rights and the Environment,” Human Ecology 23:111-123.
Susan Kirwan, 2006, “Brazil,” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 1:411-415.
Jacques Lizot, 1993, “Yanomami Natural Resource Use: An Inclsive Cultural Strategy,” Tropical Forests, People and Food: Biocultural Interactions and Applications to Development, C.M. Hladik, et al., eds., London, UK: Parthenon Publishing Group, pp. 479-486.
D. Nepstad, et al., 2002, “Frontier Governance in Amazonia,” Science 295:629-631.
Dara O`Rourke, and Sarah Connolly, 2003, “Just Oil? The Distribution of Environmental and Social Impacts on Oil Production and Consumption,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 28:587-617.
Richard Pace, 2004, “Failed Guardianship or ailed Metaphors in the Brazilian Amazon? Problems with `Imagined Ecocommunities’ and other Metaphors and Models for the Amazon Peasantries,” Journal of Anthropological Research 60(2):231-260.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1994, “The Yanomamo Holocaust Continues,” Who Pays the Price? Examining the Sociocultural Context of Environmental Crisis, Barbara Rose Johnston, ed., Washington, D.C.: Island Press, pp. 37-46.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1995, “Relationship Among the World System, Indigenous Peoples, and Ecological Anthropology,” Indigenous Peoples and the Future of Amazonia: An Ecological Anthropology of an Endangered World, Leslie E. Sponsel, ed., Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press, pp. 263-293.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1996, “Human Rights and Advocacy Anthropology,” The Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology, David Levinson and Melvin Ember, eds., New York, NY: Henry Holt and Co., 2:602-607.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1997, “Human Rights,” The Dictionary of Anthropology, Thomas Barfield, ed., Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers, pp. 248-250.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1997, “The Master Thief: Gold Mining and Mercury Contamination in the Amazon,” Life and Death Matters: Human Rights and the Environment at the End of the Millenium, Barbara Rose Johnston, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Altamira Press, pp. 99-127.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2001, “Advocacy in Anthropology,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, N.J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, eds., Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press, pp. 204-206.
Yumiko Uryu, et al., 2001, “Mercury Contamination of Fish and Its Implications for Other Wildlife of the Tapajos Basin, Brazilian Amazon,” Conservation Biology 15(2):438-446.
Michael J. Watts, 2005, “Righteous Oil? Human Rights, The Oil Companies, and Corporate Social Responsibility,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30:373-407.
Saleem H. Ali, 2003, Mining, the Environment, and Indigenous Development Conflicts, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
John H. Bodley, 1999, Victims of Progress, Mountain View, CA: Mayfield.
Donald A. Grinde, and Bruce E. Johansen, 1995, Ecocide of Native America: Environmental Destruction of Indian Lands and Peoples, Santa Fe, NM: Clear Light Publishers.
Barbara Rose Johnston, ed., 1994, Who Pays the Price? Examining the Sociocultural Context of Environmental Crisis, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Barbara Rose Johnston, ed., Life and Death Matters: Human Rights and the Environment at the End of the Millennium, Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
Carole Nagengast and Carlos G. Velez-Ibanez, eds., 2004, Human Rights: The Scholar Activist, Norman, OK: Society for Applied Anthropology.
Nancy Peluso and Michael Watts, eds., 2001, Violent Environments, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Debra Picchi, 2006, The Bakairi Indians of Brazil: Politics, Ecology and Change, Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press (Second Edition).
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7 T HOLIDAY: Election Day
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9Th Class discussion
Required readings: Merchant 3, 6-8
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14T *** Panel 3. ***
Recommended web sites:
Cultural Survival (Cambridge, MA)
http://www.cs.org
Human Rights Tools
http://www.humanrightstools.org
Institute for Social Ecology
http://www.social-ecology.org
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA)
http://www.iwgia.org
Project Underground
http://www.moles.org
Pro-Yanomami Commission
http://www.proyanomami.org.br
Rainforest Action Network
http://www.ran.org
Survival International (London, UK)
http://www.survival-international.org
Recommended journals:
Antipode: A Radical Journal of Geography G1 .A68
Capitalism, Nature, Socialism: A Journal of Socialist Ecology, and The Center for Political Ecology
http://members.cruzio.com/~cns/
Environmental Politics
Global Environmental Politics (available online)
Political Anthropology 1975-76 JA 26 .P63, 1983-89 GN 492 .P65
Political and Legal Anthropology 1991- GN 492 .P65
Political Geography JC 319 .P62
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PART VI: SPIRITUAL ECOLOGY
16Th Video: Mauna Kea: Temple Under Siege (VHS 21514, 69 min.)
Recommended videos:
Ho`oku`ikahi: To Unify as One (VHS 15693, 47 minutes)
Kaho`olawe Aloha `Aina (DVD 3185, 57 min.)
Malama Halawa: The Caretaking of a Valley (O`ahu and H3 Highway)(VHS 17411, 35 minutes)
Special assignment: Write a one-page typed single-spaced reaction to the video.
Recommended readings:
Bacchilega, Cristina, 2001, “Hawai`i`s Storied Places: Anne Kapulani Landgraf’s Re-Vision of Landscape and Illustration,” History of Photography 25(3):240-252.
Edwin Bernbaum, 2005, “Sacred Mountains,” Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, Bron R. Taylor, New York, NY: Thoemmes Continuum 2:1456-1460.
Edelstein, Michael R., 1995, “Cultural Relativity of Impact Assessment: Native Hawaiian Opposition to Geothermal Energy Development,” Society and Natural Resources 8:19-31.
Kirch, Patrick V., 2003, “Temple Sites in Kahikinui, Maui, Hawaiian Islands: Their Orientation Decoded,” Antiquity 78(299):102-114.
Kolb, Michael J., 1991, “Who Owns the Past? A Case Study on Excavating Sacred Sites on the Island of Maui, Hawai`i,” Anthropology UCLA 18:83-99.
Lee, Georgia, 1995, “Wahi Pana o Hawai`i Nei: Sacred Sites in Hawai`i,” Rapa Nui Journal 9(2):47-54.
Lee, Georgia, 2002, “Wahi Pana: Legendary Places on Hawai`i Island,” Inscribed Landscapes: Marking and Making Place, Bruno David and Meredith Wilson, eds., Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai`i Press, pp. 79-92.
Davianna Pomaika`i McGregor, 2005, “Hawai`i,” Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, Bron R. Taylor, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Thoemmes Continuum 1:748-750.
Patterson, John, 1998, “Respecting Nature: a Maori Perspective,” Worldviews: Environment, Culture, Religion 2(1):69-78.
Ruggles, Clive, 1999, “Astronomy, Oral Literature, and Landscape in Ancient Hawai`i,” Archaeoastronomy 14(2):33-86.
Schlehe, Judith, 1996, “Reinterpretations of Mystical Traditions: Explanations of a Volcanic Eruption in Java,” Anthropos 91:391-409.
Judith Schlehe, and Urte Undine Fromming, 2005, “Volcanoes,” Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, Bron R. Taylor, ed., New York, NY: Thoemmes Continuum 2:1707-1709.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2001, “Is Indigenous Spiritual Ecology a New Fad? Reflections from the Historical and Spiritual Ecology of Hawai`i,” Indigenous Traditions and Ecology: The Interbeing of Cosmology and Community, John Grim, ed., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 159-174.
Taylor, Paul W., 1995, “Myths, Legends and Volcanic Activity: An Example from Northern Tonga,” The Journal of the Polynesian Society 104(3):323-346.
Becket, Jan, and Joseph Singer, 1999, Pana O`ahu: Sacred Stones, Sacred Land, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai`i Press.
Crowe, Ellie, and William Crowe, 2001, Exploring Lost Hawai`i: Places of Power, History, Mystery and Magic,`Aiea, HI: Island Heritage.
Cunningham, Scott, 1994, Hawaiian Religion and Magic, St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications.
Klieger, P. Christiaan, 1998, Moku`ula: Maui’s Sacred Island, Honolulu, HI: Bishop Museum.
Thompson, Vivian L., 1988, Hawaiian Myths of Earth, Sea, and Sky, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
Recommended web sites:
Hawai`i Environmental Education Association
http://heea.edgateway.net
Hawai`i Nature Center
http://www.hawaiinaturecenter.org
Kahea: The Hawaiian-Environmental Alliance
http://www.kahea.org
Mount Graham Coalition
http://www.mountgraham.org
Mauna Loa Observatory
http://www.mlo.noaa.gov
Na Maka o ka `Aina
http://www.namaka.com
UH Institute for Astronomy’s Mauna Kea site
http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/mko
Mauna Kea Webcams
http://kiloaoloa.soest.hawaii.edu/current/cams/index.cgi
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21T Lecture: Is Religion the Final Answer to the Ecocrisis?
Issue: Is studying religion unscientific?
Required reading (at least two of the following):
Sponsel, Leslie E., 2001, "Do Anthropologists Need Religion, and Vice Versa? Adventures and Dangers in Spiritual Ecology," in Human Dimensions of Environmental Change: Anthropology Engages Issues, Carole Crumley, ed., Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press pp. 177-200.
Sponsel, Leslie E., 2005, “Spiritual Ecology: Toward an Overview in Anthropology and Beyond,” paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Anthropological Association, Washington, D.C., December 3. http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/Sponsel
Sponsel, Leslie E., 2006, “Anthropological Contributions to Spiritual Ecology: A Retrospective and Prospective Analysis,” paper presented at the inaugural conference of the International Society for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, April 8, 2006. http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/Sponsel
Sponsel, Leslie E., 2006, “Religion and Environment,” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 5:2006-2009.
http://www.sagepub.com
Sponsel, Leslie E., 2007, “Spiritual Ecology: One Anthropologist’s Reflections,” Journal of Religion, Nature and Culture (in press).
http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/Sponsel
Recommended reading:
William S. Abruzzi, 2000, “The Myth of Chief Seattle,” Human Ecology Review 7(1):72-75.
Richard A. Baer, et al., 2004, “From Delight to Wisdom: Thirty Years of Teaching Environmental Ethics at Cornell,” Worldviews: Environment, Culture, Religion 8(2-3):298-322.
Bruce A. Byers, Robert N. Cunliffe, and Andrew T. Hudak, 2001, “Linking the Conservation of Culture and Nature: A Case Study of Sacred Forests in Zimbabwe,” Human Ecology 29)2):187-218.
Marcus Colchester, 1994, “Sustaining the Forests: The Community-based Approach in Southeast Asia,” Development and Change 25(1):69-100.
Johan Colding and Carl Folke, 1997, “The Relations Among Threatened Species, Their Protection, and Taboos,” Conservation Ecology [online journal] 1(1):article 6, pp. 1-13.
http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol1/iss1/art6/
Susan M. Darlington, 1998, “The Ordination of a Tree: The Buddhist Ecology Movement in Thailand,” Ethnology 37(1):1-15.
Daniel J. Falvo, 2000, “On Modeling Balinese Water Temple Networks as Complex Adaptive Systems,” Human Ecology 28(4):641-649.
Theodore C. Foin, and William G. Davis, 1984, “Ritual and Self-Regulation of the Tsembaga Maring Ecosystem in the New Guinea Highlands,” Human Ecology 12(4):385-
Roger S. Gottlieb, 2004, “Earth 101,” Worldviews: Environment, Culture, Religion 8(2-3):377-393.
Anne-Christine Hornborg, 2004, “Cosmology, Ethics and the `Biocentric Indian’,” Acta Americana 12(2):29-45.
Prabhakar Joshi, and Yogesh Shirvastava, 2000, “Drops of Nature Conservation - Sacred Groves,” Journal of Human Ecology 11(5):327-330.
J. Stephen Lansing, and J.N. Kremer, 1993, “Emergent Properties of Balinese Water Temple Networks,” American Anthropologist 95(1):97-114.
J. Stephen Lansing, and John H. Miller, 2005, “Cooperation, Games, and Ecological Feedback: Some Insights from Bali,” Current Anthropology 46(2):328-334.
Aiah R. Lebbie and Raymond P. Gurries, 1995, “Ethnobotanical Value and Conservation of Sacred Groves of the Kpaa Mende in Sierra Leone,” Economic Botany 49(3):297-308.
Michael Lerner, 2000, “Ecological Sanity Requires Spiritual Transformation,” Spirit Matters, Charlottesville, VA: Hampton Roads Publishing Company, Inc., pp. 138-164.
Martin E. Marty, 2002, “Religion,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 2:311-313.
Arne Naess, et al., 2006, The Trumpeter: Journal of Ecosophy 22(1) [special issues on Arne Naess and deep ecology]
http://trumpeter.athabascau.ca
Roy A. Rappaport, 1967, “Ritual Regulation of Environmental Relations among a New Guinea People,” Ethnology 6:17-30.
Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff, 1976, “Cosmology as Ecological Analysis: A View from the Rain Forest,” Man 11:307-318.
Pei Shengji, 1993, “Managing for Biological Diversity Conservation in Temple Yards and Holy Hills: The Traditional Practices of the Xishuangbana Dai Community, Southwestern China,”
in Ethics, Religion and Biodiversity: Relations Between Conservation and Cultural Values, Lawrence S. Hamilton, ed., Cambridge, UK: The White Horse Press, pp. 118-132.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2001, “Is Indigenous Spiritual Ecology a New Fad? Reflections from the Historical and Spiritual Ecology of Hawai`i,” in Indigenous Traditions and Ecology: The Interbeing of Cosmology and Community, John Grim, ed., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 159-174.
Leslie E. Sponsel and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, 2001, “Why a Tree is More than a Tree: Reflections on the Spiritual Ecology of Sacred Trees in Thailand,” Santi Pracha Dhamma, Sulak Sivaraksa, et al., eds., Bangkok, Thailand: Santi Pracha Dhamma Institute, pp. 364-373.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2005, “Biodiversity,” Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, Bron R. Taylor, ed., New York, NY: Thoemmes Continuum 1:179-182.
R.E.S. Tanner and C.J. Pawson, 2004, “Contemporary Religious Violence and the Environment: Some Tentative Observations and Assessments,” Journal of Human Ecology 15(2):119-127.
Bron Taylor, 2001, “Earth and Nature-Based Spirituality From Deep Ecology to Radical Environmentalism (Part I),” Religion 31(2):175-193.
Bron Taylor, 2001, “Earth and Nature-Based Spirituality From Earth First! and Bioregionalism to Scientific Paganism and the New Age (Part II),” Religion 31(3):225-245.
Reed L. Wadley and Carol J. Pierce Colfer, 2004 (June), “Sacred Forest, Hunting, and Conservation in West Kalimantan, Indonesia,” Human Ecology 32(3):313-338.
Bret Wallach, 2002, “Belief Systems,” Encyclopedia of Global Change, Andrew S. Goudie, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1:86-94.
Witozek, Nina, 1997, “Arne Naess and the Norwegian Native Tradition,” Worldviews: Environment, Culture, Religion 1(1):57-73.
Yi-Fu Tuan, 1968, “Discrepancies between Environmental Attitude and Behaviour: Examples from Europe and China,” The Canadian Geographer 12(3):176-191.
Yi-Fu Tuan, 1970, “Our Treatment of the Environment in Ideal and Actuality,” American Scientist 58:244-249.
Recommended videos:
Baraka (LDVD 1930, 104 min., DVD 0814 104 min.)
The Goddess and the Computer (VHS 4047, 50 min.)
In the Light of Reverence (VHS 18873, 73 min.)
Keeping the Faith (VHS 13215, 40 min.)
Ladakh (VHS 11602, 86 min.)
Shark Callers of Kontu (VHS 4411, 54 min.)
Spirit and Nature (VHS 5326, 88 min.)
The Wilderness Idea (John Muir, Gifford Pinchot, and the First Great Battle for Wilderness) (VHS 17105, 58 min.)
Recommended web sites:
African Ritual and the Environment Conference
http://www.ru.ac.za/anthro2003
Alliance for Religion and Conservation
http://www.arcworld.org
California Institute of Integral Studies
http://www.ciis.edu
Cultural and Spiritual Values of Biodiversity
http://www.unep.org/Biodiversity
Earth Island Institute
http://www.earthisland.org
EarthLight: The Magazine of Spiritual Ecology
http://www.earthlight.org
Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature
http://www.religionandnature.com
University of Florida, Department of Religion, Fields of Study, Religion and Nature
http://www.religion.ufl.edu
Forum on Religion and Ecology, Harvard University
http://environment.harvard.edu/religion
Green Earth Foundation
http://www.rmetzner-greenearth.org
Institute for Deep Ecology
http://www.deep-ecology.org
International Society for Environmental Ethics
http://www.cep.unt.edu/ISEE.html
Metanexus
http://www.metanexus.net
The Mountain Institute
http://www.mountain.org
National Religious Partnership for Environment
http://www.nrpe.org
Places of Peace and Power
http://sacredsites.com
Sacred Land Film Project
http://www.sacredland.org
Sacred Sites International
http://www.sitesaver.org
Schumacher College
http://SchumacherCollege.gn.apc.org
Spiritual Ecology Concentration, Ecological Anthropology Program, University of Hawai`i
http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/Sponsel
The Trumpeter: Journal of Ecosophy (recent issues on Arne Naess and deep ecology)
http://trumpeter.athabascau.ca
World Heritage Sites/UNESCO
http://whc.unesco.org
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23Th HOLIDAY: Thanksgiving Recess
_________________________________________________________________
28T Continued
Class discussion
Required reading: Marten 9, Merchant 4-5, Townsend 7-8
Bron Taylor, 2005, “Introduction and Reader’s Guide,” The Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, B. Taylor, Editor-in-Chief, New York: Continuum Press (and link in essay to “Religious Studies and Environmental Concern.”) at:
http://www.religionandnature.com (Click on “Introduction and Reader’s Guide”).
Gary Gardner, December 2002, “Invoking the Spirit: Religion and Spirituality in the Quest for a Sustainable World,” Worldwatch Paper #164 at:
http://www.worldwatch.org/pubs/paper/164/
Recommended periodicals and web sites:
American Academy of Religion - Religion and Ecology Group
http://www.religionandnature.com/aar/
Canadian Forum on Religion and Ecology
http://rel.queenssu.ca/cfore
Earth Ethics
http://www.crle.org
EarthLight: Magazine of Spiritual Ecology NA Hamilton Library
http://www.earthlight.org
Ecotheology (1996-2006)
http://www.equinoxpub.com/journals/main.asp?jref=6
http://www.religionandnature.com
Environmental Ethics GF 80 .E59
Ethics, Place and Environment: A Journal of Philosophy and Geography
http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/1366-879X.asp
European Forum for the Study of Religion and Environment
http://hf.ntnu.no/relnateur
Forum on Religion and Ecology
http://environment.harvard.edu/religion
Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture
(2007-)[successor to Ecotheology]
http://www.religionandnature.com
Resurgence Magazine
http://resurgence.gn.apc.org
ReVision: A Journal of Knowledge and Consciousness BD 161 .R48
The Trumpeter: Journal of Ecosophy QH 540.5 .T8
http://trumpeter.athabascau.ca
Worldviews: Environment, Culture, Religion BL 65 .N35 W675
http://www.brill.nl/ (Click on journals > Social Sciences > Worldviews)
Recommended reading:
Kelly D. Alley, 2002, On the Banks of the Ganga: When Wastewater Meets a Sacred River, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
E.N. Anderson, 1996, Ecologies of the Heart: Emotion, Belief, and the Environment, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Frederique Apffel-Marglin, 1999, The Spirit of Regeneraton: Andean Culture Confronting Western Notions of Development, Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Zed Books.
David Landis Barnhill, and Roger S. Gottlieb, eds., 2001, Deep Ecology and World Religions: New Essays on Sacred Ground, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Frederic L. Bender, 2003, The Culture of Extinction: Toward a Philosophy of Deep Ecology, New York, NY: Humanity Books.
Robert Brightman, 1993, Grateful Prey: Rock Cree Human-Animals Relationships, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Joseph Epes Brown, 1992, Animals of the Soul: Sacred Animals of the Oglala Sioux, Rockport, MA: Element.
J. Baird Callicott, and Roger T. Ames, eds., 1989, Nature in Asian Traditions of Thought: Essays in Environmental Philosophy, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
J. Baird Callicott, and Michael P. Nelson, 2003, American Indian Environmental Ethics: An Ojibwa Case Study, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Scott Cunningham, 1995, Hawaiian Religion and Magic, St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publishers.
De Quincey, Christian, 2002, Radical Nature: Rediscovering the Soul, Mountpleier, VT: Invisible Cities Press.
Philippe Descola, 1993, The Spears of Twilight: Life and Death in the Amazon Jungle, New York, NY: The New Press.
Joseph R. Des Jardins, 2006, Environmental Ethics: An Introduction to Environmental Philosophy, Belmont, CA: Thomson Higher Education.
Nigel Dudley, Liza Higgins-Zogib, and Stephanie Mansourian, 2005 (December), Beyond Belief: Linking Faiths and Protected Areas to Support Biodiversity Conservation, London, UK: World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Equilibrium, and the Alliance of Religions and Conservation (ARC)
http://www.panda.org
Thomas R. Dunlap, 2004, Faith in Nature: Environmentalism as Religious Quest, Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.
John Einarsen, ed., 1995, The Sacred Mountains of Asia, Boston, MA: Shambhala.
John A. Grim, ed., 2001, Indigenous Traditions and Ecology: The Interbeing of Cosmology and Community, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Gyallay-Pap, Peter, and Ruth Bottomley, eds., 1998, Towards an Environmental Ethic in Southeast Asia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia: Buddhist Institute.
Lawrence S. Hamilton, ed., 1993, Ethics, Religion and Biodiversity: Relations Between Conservation and Cultural Values, Cambridge, UK: The White Horse Press.
Howard L. Harrod, 2000, The Animals Came Dancing: Native American Sacred Ecology and Animal Kinship, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
Donald J. Hughes, 1983, American Indian Ecology, El Paso, TX: Texas Western Press.
Eric Katz, Andrew Light, and David Rothenberg, eds., 2000, Beneath the Surface: Critical Essays in the Philosophy of Deep Ecology, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Willett Kempton, James S. Boster, and Jennifer A. Hartley, 1996, Environmental Values in American Culture, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
David Kinsley, 1995, Ecological Spirituality in Cross-Cultural Perspective, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
J. Stephen Lansing, 1991, Priests and Programmers: Technologies of Power in the Engineered Landscape of Bali, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
J. Stephen Lansing, 2006, Perfect Order: Recognizing Complexity in Bali, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
M. Lewis, 1991, Wagering the Land: Ritual, Capital and Environmental Degradation in the Cordillera of Luzon, Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.
Barbara G. Myerhoff, 1974, Peyote Hunt: The Sacred Journey of the Huichol Indians, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Kay Milton, 2002, Loving Nature: Towards an Ecology of Emotion, New York, NY: Routledge.
Brian Morris, 2000, Animals and Ancestors: An Ethnography, New York, NY: Berg.
Arne Naess, 1989, Ecology, Community and Lifestyle, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Arne Naess, 2002, Life’s Philosophy: Reason and Feeling in a Deeper World, Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
Richard Nelson, 1983, Make Prayer to the Raven: A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Helena Norberg-Hodge, 1991, Ancient Futures: Learning from Ladakh, San Francisco, CA: Sierra Club Books.
Martin Palmer, 1996, Travels Through Sacred China, San Francisco, CA: Thorsons.
Darrell A. Posey, et al., eds., 1999, Cultural and Spiritual Values of Biodiversity, London, UK: Intermediate Technology Publications/UNEP.
http://www.unep.org/Biodiversity/
Gordon Prain, Sam Fujisaka, and Michael D. Warren, eds., 1999, Biological and Cultural Diversity: The Role of Indigenous Agricultural Experimentation in Development, London, UK: Intermediate Technology.
Roy A. Rappaport, 1968/1984, Pigs for the Ancestors: Ritual in the Ecology of a New Guinea People, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff, 1971, Amazonian Cosmos: The Sexual and Religious Symbolism of the Tukano Indians, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff, 1996, Forest Within: The World View of the Tukano Amazonian Indians, Totnes, Devon, UK: Themis.
Deborah B. Rose, 1992, Dingo Makes Us Human: Lie and Land in an Australian Aboriginal Culture, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Loyal D. Rue, 2005, Religion Is Not About God: How Spiritual Traditions Nurture Our Biological Nature, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
James A. Swan, 1990, Sacred Places: How the Living Earth Seeks Our Friendship, Santa Fe, NM: Bear & Company Publishing.
Nigel J.H. Smith, 1996, The Enchanted Amazon Rainforest: Stories from a Vanishing World, Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press.
Adrian Tanner, 1979, Bringing Home the Animals: Religious Ideology and Mode of Production of Mistassini Cree Hunters, St. John’s, New Foundland: Memorial University Institute of Social and Economic Research Study No. 23.
Valerio Valeri, 2000, The Forest of Taboos: Morality, Hunting, and Identity among the Huaulu of the Moluccas, Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
Piers Vitebsky, 2005, The Reindeer People: Living With Animals and Spirits in Siberia, Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
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30Th *** Quiz 3 due ***
Case Study: Illuminating Darkness:
The Monk-Cave-Bat-Ecosystem Complex in Thailand
Recommended reading:
Alvin Y. So, and Yok-shiu F. Lee, 1999, “Environmental Movements in Thailand,” Asia’s Environmental Movements: Comparative Perspectives, Yok-shiu F. Lee and Alvin Y. So, eds., Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, pp. 120-142.
Fikret Berkes, 2001, “Religious Traditions and Biodiversity,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-CHief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 5:109-120.
Fikret Berkes, 2004, “Rethinking Community-based Conservation,” Conservation Biology 18(3):621-630.
Elgene O. Box and Kazue Fujiwara, 2001, “Ecosystems of Asia,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 1:261-291.
Caswell, James O., 2000, “Cave Temples and Monasteries in India and China,” Encyclopedia of Monasticism, William M. Johnston, ed., Chicago, IL: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers 1:255-263.
David C. Culver, et al., 2000, “Obligate Cave Fauna in the 48 Contiguous United States,” Conservation Biology 14(2):386-401.
David L. Gosling, 2001, “Thailand: A Case Study,” Religion and Ecology in India and Southeast Asia, New York, NY: Routledge pp. 86-109.
Doris Heyden, 2005,“Caves,” Encyclopedia of Religion, Lindsay Jones, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Thomson Gale (Second Edition) 3:1468-1473.
Thomas H. Kunz, and Elizabeth D. Pierson, 1994, “Bats of the World: An Introduction,” Walker’s Bats of the World, Ronald M. Nowak, ed., Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press, pp. 1-46.
H. Locke, and P. Deardon, 2005, “Rethinking Protected Area Categories and the New Paradigm,” Environmental Conservation 32(1):1-10.
W. Permpongsacharoen, 1992, “Alternatives from the Thai Environmental Movement,” Nature and Resources 28(2):4-13.
Ellen L. Simms, 2001, “Plant-Animal Interactions,” Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Simon Asher Levin, Editor-in-Chief, San Diego, CA: Academic Press 4:601-619.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1998, “The Historical Ecology of Thailand: Increasing Thresholds of Human Environmental Impact from Prehistory to the Present,” Advances in Historical Ecology, William Balee, ed., New York, NY: Columbia University Press, pp. 376-404.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2005, “Southeast Asia,” Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, Bron R. Taylor, Editor-in-Chief, New York, NY: Thoemmes Continuum 2:1582-1585.
Leslie E. Sponsel, 2006, “Animism,” Encyclopedia of Anthropology, H. James Birx, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 1:80-81. http://www.sagepub.com
Leslie E. Sponsel, and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, 1993, “The Potential Contribution of Buddhism in Developing an Environmental Ethic for the Conservation of Biodiversity,” Ethics, Religion, and Biodiversity: Relations Between Conservation and Cultural Values, Lawrence S. Hamilton, ed., Cambridge, UK: White Horse Press, pp. 75-97.
Leslie E. Sponsel, and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, 1995, “The Role of Buddhism in Creating a More Sustainable Society in Thailand,” Counting the Costs: Economic Growth and Environmental Change in Thailand, Jonathan Rigg, ed., Singapore: Institute for Southeast Asian Studies, pp. 27-46.
Leslie E. Sponsel, and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, 1997, “A Theoretical Analysis of the Potential Contribution of the Monastic Community in Promoting a Green Society in Thailand,” in Buddhism and Ecology: The Interconnection of Dharma and Deeds, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 45-68.
Leslie E. Sponsel, Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, Nukul Ruttanadakul, and Somporn Juntadach, 1998, “Sacred and/or Secular Approaches to Biodiversity Conservation in Thailand,” Worldviews: Environment, Culture, Religion 2(1):155-167.
Lselie E. Sponsel, and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, 2001, “Why A Tree Is More Than A Tree: Reflections On The Spiritual Ecology Of Sacred Trees In Thailand,” in Santi Pracha Dhamma, Sulak Sivaraksa, et al., eds., Bangkok: Santi Pracha Dhamma Institute, pp. 364-373.
Leslie E. Sponsel, and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, 2003, “Buddhist Views of Nature and the Environment,” Nature Across Cultures: Views of Nature and the Environment in Non-Western Cultures, Helaine Selin, ed., Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 351-371.
Leslie E. Sponsel, and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel, 2004, “Illuminating Darkness: The Monk-Cave-Bat-Ecosystem Complex In Thailand,” in This Sacred Earth: Religion, Nature, Environment, Roger S. Gottlieb, ed., New York: Routledge, pp. 134-144.
John Terborgh, 2000, “The Fate of Tropical Forests: A Matter of Stewardship,” Conservation Biology 14(5):1358-1361.
Monica G. Turner, 2005, “Landscape Ecology: What is the State of the Science,” Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 36:319-344.
C. Paige West, 2005, “Translation, Value and Space: Theorizing an Ethnographic and Engaged Environmental Anthropology,” American Anthropologist 107(4):632-642.
Michael Wright, 1993, “The Buddha Under Naga: Animism, Hinduism, and Buddhism in Siamese Religion,” Journal of the Siam Society
E.N. Anderson, 1996, Ecologies of the Heart: Emotion, Belief, and the Environment, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Clive Bonsall, and Christopher Tolan-Smith, eds., 1997, The Human Use of Caves, Oxford, England: Archaeopress/British Archaeological Reports International Series 667.
Ajahn Chah, 2002, Food for the Heart: The Collected Teachings of Ajahn Chah, Boston, MA: Wisdom Publications.
Padmasiri DeSilva 1998, Environmental Philosophy and Ethics in Buddhism, New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press, Inc.
Mary Douglas, 1970, Natural Symbols, London, UK: Barrie and Rockcliff.
Sanitsuda Ekachai 2001, Keeping the Faith: Thai Buddhism at the Crossroads, Bangkok, Thailand: Post Books.
John Einarsen, ed., 1995, The Sacred Mountains of Asia, Boston, MA: Shambhala Publications, Inc.
James David Fahn, 2003, A Land on Fire: The Environmental Consequences of the Southeast Asian Boom, Westview Press/The Perseus Books Group.
Charles M. Francis, 2001, Mammals of Thailand and South-East Asia, Bangkok, Thailand: Asia Books.
Michael Freeman, 1991, Temples of Thailand: Their Form and Function, Bangkok, Thailand: Asia Books.
Mark Grahame, and Philip Round, 1994, Thailand’s Vanishing Flora and Fauna, Bangkok, Thailand: Finance One.
Lawrence S., Hamilton, ed., 1993, Ethics, Religion and Biodiversity: Relations Between Conservation and Cultural Values, Cambridge, MA: The Whitehorse Press.
Graham Harvey, 2006, Animism: Respecting the Living World, New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
John E. Hill, and James D. Smith, 1984, Bats: A Natural History, Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
Philip Hirsch, ed., 1997, Seeing the Forest for Trees: Environment and Environmentalism in Thailand, Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books.
Chatsumarn Kabilsingh, 1998, Buddhism and Nature Conservation, Bangkok, Thailand: Thammasat University Press.
Stephanie Kaza, and Kenneth Kraft, eds., 2000, Dharma Rain: Sources of Buddhist Environmentalism, Boston, MA: Shambhala Publications, Inc.
Stephen R. Kellert, and Timothy J. Farnham, eds., 2002, The Good in Nature and Humanity: Connecting Science, Religion, and Spirituality with the Natural World, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Jack Kornfield, and Paul Breiter, 1985, A Still Forest Pool: The Insight Meditation of Achaan Chah, Wheaton, IL: The Theosophical Publishing House.
Karuna Kusalasaya, 2001, Buddhism in Thailand: Its Past and Its Present, Bangkok, Thailand: Mental Health Publishing Comapny.
Thomas H. Kunz, ed., 1988, Ecology and Behavioral Methods for the Study of Bats, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Thomas H. Kunz, and M. Brock Fenton, 2003, Bat Ecology, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Boonsong Leakagul, and Jeffrey A. McNeely, 1988, Mammals of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand: Association for the Conservation of Wildlife.
David Lewis-Williams, 2004, The Mind in the Cave: Consciousness and the Origin of Art, New York, NY: Thames and Hudson.
Vicki MacKenzie, 1998, Cave in the Snow: Tenzin Palmo’s Quest for Enlightenment, New York, NY: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Jeffrey A. McNeely, and Paul Spencer Sochaczewski, 1995, Soul of the Tiger: Searching for Nature’s Answers in Exotic Southeast Asia, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai`i Press.
Christophe Munier, 1998, Sacred Rocks and Buddhist Caves in Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand: White Lotus Press.
Gerhard Neuweiler, 2000, The Biology of Bats, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Bhikku Nyanasobhano, 1998, Landscapes of Wonder: Discovering Buddhist Dhamma in the World Around Us, Boston, MA: Wisdom Publications.
P.S. Ramakrishna, K.G. Saxena, and U.M. Chandrahekara, eds., 1998, Conserving the Sacred for Biodiversity Management, Enfield, NH: Science Publishers, Inc.
Gerald Roscoe, 1994, The Tripple Gem: An Introduction to Buddhism, Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books.
Sangharakshita, 2000, What is the Sangha?: The Nature of Spiritual Community, Birmingham, UK: Windhorse Press.
Sangharakshita, 2000, Ritual and Devotion in Buddhism: An Introduction, Birmingham, UK: Windhorse Press.
Belinda Stewart-Cox, 1995, Wild Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand: Asia Books.
James A. Swan, 1990, Sacred Places: How the Living Earth Seeks Our Friendship, Santa Fe, NM: Bear and Co., Publishing.
Donald K. Swearer, Sommai Premchit, and Phaithoon Dokbuakaew, 2004, Sacred Mountains of Northern Thailand and Their Legends, Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books.
Stanley Tambiah, 1969, “Animals Are Good to Think and Good to Prohibit,” Ethnology VIII(4):423-459.
Kamala Tiyavanich, 1997, Forest Recollections: Wandering Monks in Twentieth-Century Thailand, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai`i Press.
Kamala Tiyavanich, 2003, The Buddha in the Jungle, Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books.
Kevin Trainor, ed., 2004, Buddhism: The Illustrated Guide, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Mary Evelyn Tucker, and Duncan Ryuken Williams, eds., 1997, Buddhism and Ecology: The Interconnection of Dharma and Deeds, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Victor Turner, 1969, The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-structure, Chicago, IL: Aldine.
Kenneth E. Wells, 1975, Thai Buddhism: Its Rites and Activities, Bangkok, Thailand: Suriyabun Publishers.
Recommended web sites:
Bat Conservation International
http://www.batcon.org
Center for Southeast Asian Studies - University of Hawai`i
http://www.hawaii.edu/cseas
Center for Southeast Asian Studies - University of Northern Illinois
http://www.seasite.niu.edu
Foundation for Ecological Recovery
http://www.terraper.org
Sustainable Development Foundation
http://www/sdfthai.org
Thai Buddhism
http://www.ThaiBuddhism.net
Thai Buddhist
http://www.ThaiBuddist.com
Thai Development Research Institute
http://www.info.tdri.or.th/
Thai Worldview
http://www.thaiworldview.com
Theravada Buddhism
http://www.accesstoinsight.org
Sacred Sites in Thailand
http://www.kirjon.com
_________________________________________________________________
December
5T *** Panel 4. ***
_________________________________________________________________
PART VII: CONCLUSIONS
7Th Under What Conditions Might a Sustainable, Green, Just, and Peaceful Society be Possible in the Future?
Issue: Is the ecological future of humanity and the Earth a scientific, political, and/or religious matter?
Class discussion
Required readings: Marten 10-12, Merchant 9, Conclusion, Moran 6-8, Townsend 10-12
Recommended videos:
Affluenza
Can Man Survive? (VHS 4360, 28 min.)
The Environmental Revolution (VHS 18653, 50 min.)
From the Heart of the World: The Elder Brother’s Warning (Kogi, Sierra Nevada, Colombia) (VHS #6070, 90 min.)
Yakoana: The Voice of Indigenous Peoples (Rio Conference) (VHS 16412, 60 min.) http://www.yakoana.com
Recommended readings:
Philip Cafaro, 2001, “Thoreau, Leopold, and Carson,: Toward an Environmental Virtue Ethics,” Environmental Ethics 23(1):3-17.
K. Conca, et al., 2001, “Confronting Consumption,” Global Environmental Politics 1(3):1-10.
Thomas Dietz, Amy Fitzgerald, and Rachel Shwom, 2005, “Environmental Values,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30:335-372.
Michael Dove, 1994, “North-South Differences, Global Warming, and the Global System,” Chemosphere 29(5):1063-1077.
Alexander E. Farrell, Hisham Zerriffi, and Hadi Dowlatabad, 2004, “Energy Infrastructure and Security,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 29:421-469.
Carl Folke, Thomas Hahan, Per Olsson, and Jon Norberg, 2005, “Adaptive Governance of Social-Ecological Systems,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30:441-473.
K.B. Ghimire, 1994, “Parks and People: Livelihood Issues in National Parks Management in Thailand and Madagascar,” Development and Change 25:195-229.
H. Glasser, 2001, “Deep Ecology,” International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editors-in-Chief, New York, NY: Elsevier pp. 4041-4045.
Peter H. Gleick, 2003, “Water Use,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 28:275-314.
Robert Goodland, 1995, “The Concept of Environmental Sustainability,” Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 26:1-24.
Robert Kaplan, 1994, “The Coming Anarchy,” Atlantic Monthly 273(2):44-76.
Michael Klare, 2001, “The New Geography of Conflict,” Foreign Affairs 72:22-49.
Pecore, Marshall, 1992 (July), “Menominee Sustained Yield Management: A Successful Land Ethic in Practice,” Journal of Forestry 90&7):12-16.
Ronald B. Mitchell, 2003, “International Environmental Agreements: A Survey of Their Features, Formation, and Effects,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 28:429-461.
Thomas M. Parris, and Robert W. Kates, 2003, “Characterizing and Measuring Sustainable Development,” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 28:559-586.
S.T.A. Pickett, et al., 2001, “Urban Ecological Systems: Linking Terrestrial Ecology, Physical, and Socio-economic Components pf Metropolitan Areas,” Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 32:127-157.
Terry A. Rambo, 1997, “The Fallacy of Global Sustainable Development,” Honolulu, HI: East-West Center Asia-Pacific Issues No. 30.
I. Scoones, 1999, “New Ecology and the Social Sciences: What Prospects or a Fruitful Engagement?,” Annual Review of Anthropology, 28:479-507.
C.A. Setchell, 1995, “The Growing Environmental Crisis in the World’s Mega-Cities: The Case of Bangkok,” Third World Planning Review 17:1-18.
Society for Applied Anthropology, 2003 (Summer), “Toward an Anthropological Understanding of Sustainability,” Human Organization 62(2):91-201 (special issue).
Leslie E. Sponsel, 1994, “Environmental Management at the Community and National Levels,” Asia’s New Initiatives in the 1990s: The Peace Process, Economic Cooperation, Management of the Environment, Tokyo, Japan: The United Nations University Japan-ASEAN Forum II, pp. 234-257.
Amanda Stronza, 2001, “Anthropology of Tourism: Foraging New Ground for Ecotourism and Other Alternatives,” Annual Review of Anthropology 30:261-283.
Richard Wilk, 2002, “Consumption, Human Needs, and Global Environmental Change,” Global Environmental Change 12(1):314-333.
John H. Bodley, 2001, Anthropology and Contemporary Human Problems, Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Co.
Harold C. Brookfield, and Yvonne Byron, eds., 1993, South-East Asia’s Environmental Future: The Search for Sustainability, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
M. Cohen, and J. Murphy, 2001, Exploring Sustainable Consumption, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Pergamon.
David Crocker, and T. Linden, eds., 1998, The Ethics of Consumption: The Good Life, Justice, and Global Stewardship, New York, NY: Rowman and Littlefield.
Andrew Dobson, ed., 1991, The Green Reader: Essays Toward a Sustainable Society, London, UK: Deutsch.
Michael Dove, ed., 1988, The Real and the Imagined Role of Culture in Development: Case Studies from Indonesia, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
Gary Gardner, et al., 2003, State of the World 2003: A Worldwatch Institute Report on Progress Toward a Sustainable Society, New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
D. Ghai, and J.M. Vivian, eds., 1992, Grassroots Environmental Action: People’s Participation in Sustainable Development, New York, NY: Routledge.
Ramachandra Guha, 2000, Environmentalism: A Global History, Reading , MA: South End Press.
Thomas F. Homer-Dixon, 2001, Environment, Scarcity, and Violence, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Toef Jaeger and Joke van Kampen, 1999, Letters to the Sixth Billionth World Citizen, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: World Population Foundation.
Michael Klare, 2001, Resource Wars: The New Landscape of Global Conflict, New York, NY: Henry Holt and Co.
Yok-shiu F.Lee, and Alvin Y. So, eds., 1999, Asia’s Environmental Movements: Comparative Perspectives, Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
John Leslie, 1996, The End of the World: The Science and Ethics of Human Extinction, New York, NY: Routledge.
Michael Vincent McGinnis, ed., 1999, Bioregionalism, New York, NY: Routledge.
Jeffrey A. McNeely, and Sunthad Somchevita, eds., 1996, Biodiversity in Asia: Challenges and Opportunities for the Scientific Community, Bangkok, Thailand: Thailand Ministry of Science, Technology, and Environment, Office of Environmental Policy and Planning.
Jim Merkel, 2003, Radical Simplicity: Small Footprints on a Finite Earth, Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers.
Christine Meyer and Faith Moosang, eds., 1992, Living with the Land: Communities Restoring the Earth, Philadelphia, PA: New Society Publishers.
Kay Milton, ed., 1993, Environmentalism: The View from Anthropology, New York, NY: Routledge.
Kay Milton, 1996, Environmentalism and Cultural Theory: Exploring the Role of Anthropology in Environmental Discourse, New York, NY: Routledge.
Norman Myers, 1996, Ultimate Security: The Environmental Basis of Political Stability, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Riall W. Nolan, 2003, Anthropology in Practice: Building a Career Outside the Academy, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Nancy Lee Peluso and Michael Watts, eds., 2001, Violent Environments, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
David Pepper, 1996, Modern Environmentalism: An Introduction, New York, NY: Routledge.
Steven V. Price, 1996, War and Tropical Forests: Conservation Areas of Armed Conflict, London, UK: Haworth Press.
M. Redclift, 1984, Development and the Environmental Crisis: Red and Green Alternatives, London, UK: Methuen.
Kent H. Redford, and J.A. Mansour, eds., 1996, Traditional Peoples and Biodiversity Conservation in Large Tropical Landscapes, Arlington, VA: America Verde Publications.
Michael Renner, 1996, Fighting for Survival: Environmental Decline, Social Conflict, and the New Age of Insecurity, New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Co.
Michael Renner, et al., 2003, Vital Signs 2003: The Trends That Are Shaping Our Future, New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
Annabel Rodda, 1991, Women and Environment, London, UK: Zed Books, Ltd.
E.F. Schumacher, 1977/1995, A Guide for the Perplexed, New York, NY: Vintage Books.
Vandana Shiva, 1991, Ecology and the Politics of Survival: Conflicts over Natural Resources in India, London, UK: Sage.
Paul Sillitoe, 1998, “The Development of Indigenous Knowledge: A New Applied Anthropology,” Current Anthropology 39(2):223-252.
Vaclav Smil, 1993, China’s Environmental Crisis: An Inquiry into the Limits of National Development, New York, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
Robert Thayer, 2003, Lifeplace: Bioregional Thought and Practice, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Linda Tuhiawa Smith, 1999, Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples, New York, NY: Zed Books.
S. Sontheimer, ed., 1991, Women and the Environment: A Reader, London, UK: Earthscan.
Leslie E.Sponsel, ed., 2000, Endangered Peoples of Southeast and East Asia, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
S. Stevens, ed., 1997, Conservation Through Cultural Survival: Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Mathis Wackernagel, and William E. Rees, 1996, Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth, Gabriola Island, British Columbia: New Society Publishers.
David Wester, R. Wright, and S. Strum, eds., 1994, Natural Connections: Perspectives in Community-Based Conservation, Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Recommended web sites:
Affluenza
http://www.pbs.org/affluenza
Anthropological Center for Training and Research on Global Environmental Change
http://www.indiana.edu/~act/
Asian Network for Sustainable Development
http://www.garrisoninstitute.org
http://www.thecornerhouse.org/uk
Biodiversity Support Program
http://www.bsponline.org/
Bioneers
http://www.bioneers.org
Biotown USA
http://www.in.gov/biotownusa
Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)
http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/index.htm
Earth Charter, United Nations
http://www.earthcharter.org
Earthscan
http://www.earthscan.co.uk
East-West Center
http://www.eastwestcenter.org
Biodiversity Support Program
http://www.bsponline.org/
Ecological Footprint
http://lead.org/leadnet/footprint/info.htm
Forest Conservation Links
http://forests.org
Foundation for Global Community
http://www.globalcommunity.org
Global Forest Watch
http://www.globalforestwatch.org
Institute for Ecology and Action Anthropology
http://www.infoe.de/home.html
International Development and Environment Jobs
http://www.devnetjobs.org/
International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change
http://www.uni_bonn.de/ihdp/index.html
International Society for Ecology and Culture
http://www.isec.org.uk
MekongInfo
http://www.MekongInfo.org
Mother Earth
http://www.motherearth.org
One World Net
http://www.oneworld.net/
Society for Applied Anthropology
http://www.sfaa.net/
The Orion Society - Orion Nature Quarterly
http://www.OrionOnline.org
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
http://www.unesco.org
UNESCO - Man and the Biosphere (MAB)
http://www.unesco.org/mab
UN Environmental Program
http://www.unep.ch
UN Food and Agricultural Organization
http://www.fao.org
UN International Panel on Climate Change
http://www.ipcc.ch
World Bank
http://www.worldbank.org
World Conservation Monitoring Center
http://www.unep-wcmc.org
World Conservation Union
http://www.iucn.org
World Resources Institute
http://www.wri.org
World Summit on Sustainable Development 2002 (Rio + 10)
http://www.johannesburgsummit.org
World Watch Institute
http://www.worldwatch.org
Recommended journals:
Ambio QH 540 .A53
Applied Anthropologist
Biological Conservation S 900 .B5
BioScience QH 301 .B57
Conservation Biology QH 75 .A1 C665
Ecology and Society (formerly Conservation Ecology)
http://www.ecologyandsociety.org
Development and Change HB 82 .D387
Environment TD 180 .E53
Environmental Conservation SD 172 .E54
Human Organization GN 1 .H88
Journal of Developing Areas HC 59 .A1 J68
Journal of Developing Societies DS 1 .J693
Journal of Development Studies HC 10 .J58
Practicing Anthropology
Wildlife Conservation QL 1 .N5
World Development HC 59.7 .W67
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12T FINAL: Due by noon in instructor’s mailbox (Saunders 346):
1. Co-authored panel essay
2. Quiz 4
3. Two essays for final take-home examination (see instructions below).
NOTE: Students who wish to have any papers returned at the end of the semester should provide the instructor with a self-addressed and stamped mailing envelope of appropriate size.
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