Report 2:
My Understanding of Driving Psychology
By:  Tiffanie Jinbo
Instructions for this report are at:
www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/leonj/leonpsy23/409a-g23-report2.htm 
I am answering Questions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7.

 

 

 

 

The Question I am answering is Question 2:

 

a)               Give a brief review of our two textbooks: Road Rage and Aggressive Driving (James and Nahl), and Driving Lessons: Exploring Systems That Make Traffic Safer (Peter Rothe, Editor).

 

Dr. Leon James and Dr. Diane Nahl are the creators of “driving psychology.”  After years of research, the couple was able to create theories and a solution to decrease road rage and aggressive driving.  Dr. James had years of experience in driving but could not admit to being an aggressive driver; with help of his grandmother and wife he was able to overcome the challenges.  Dr. James and Dr. Nahl achieved goals to overcome negative driving habits and wrote Road Rage and Aggressive Driving:  Steering Clear of Highway Warfare to share how every driver is able to overcome these challenges. 

 

This book contains three principle parts:  1) Conflict Mentality 2) Driving Psychology 3) The Future of Driving.  Conflict Mentality socially and psychologically defines road rage and aggressive driving.  Driving Psychology introduces ways to become a supportive driver, or the non-aggressive driver.  The future of driving involves technology improvements to increase awareness, skill, and safety in driving.  As we strive to improve driving habits, every chapter is equally as important as the next.

 

Conflict mentality educates the definition of driving psychology.  The first chapter includes the severity of road rage and how we deny ourselves of our actions in driving.  Two key definitions emphasized are road rage and aggression which are explained in the second and third chapter of Road Rage and Aggressive Driving book.  With the final chapter of conflict mentality involves categorizing your personal severity of road rage. 

 

Driving psychology is the next section of Road Rage and Aggressive Driving.  This would be the most influential part of the book where it explains the emotional and psychological aspects of road rage.  It also includes a self-improvement program to become the supportive driver which stresses on acknowledgement, witnessing, and modifying. 

 

The last section of the book is entitled “The Future of Driving.”  The leading cause of death in the world is traffic, and finally people are acknowledging the problem.  It is not only Dr. James who takes interest, but government is also taking actions.  There will be a constant battle in aggressive driving.  Our reality has to be focused more on our driving skills than in the changes in safer technology.

 

As a result of the Traffic Safety Summit in 1998, Driving Lessons: Exploring Systems That Make Traffic Safer, editor Peter Rothe, was organized.  A variety of essays were put together in hope to make our roads safer.  A collection of experts in psychology, sociology, education, engineering, medicine and law were brought together to target the problem areas and create new solutions.  This book was written in hopes to decrease traffic fatalities, as no other written book has been effective. 

 

Driving Lessons is also divided into three sub-systems:  1) personal sub-systems, 2) institutional sub-systems, 3) technical sub-system.  Personal sub-systems involves one’s self verses others in the contribution to tension on the road.  Institutional sub-systems involves the how traffic safety is affected by daily interactions of different organizations.  The technical sub-system is the mediary and interacts with all sub-systems to create change (Rothe, 246)

 

The first section, “Personal sub-systems” is broken down into the health, social and cultural sub-systems.  This sub-system explains our reasons for our actions on the road.  Theories included in these chapters explain how driving and safety relate to personal psychology.  Other theories include how one’s social group may affect driving and habits that are formed. 

 

“Institutional sub-systems” is the second section that deals with organizations within the community that influence our driving and driving environment.  Many of the chapters include the legal aspects in driving as well as studies done in truckers.  It also involves concepts on educating the real world challenges of driving. 

 

The final section of Driving Lessons is called the “Technological sub-system”.  Articles in the section of the book dealt with any improvements or changes done in the driving world.  With technological advances such as photo radar and red-light cameras we are able to increase traffic safety and adapt to new laws in our continually changing society. 

 

b)  Select one Chapter form each text and give a summary of it.

 

            “Driving in the Age of Rage” is the title of 1st chapter of the Road Rages and Aggressive Driving book written by Dr. James and Dr. Nahl.  Not only was this chapter the most appealing, but it was an introduction into the class in driving psychology.  It educates on how the automobile is the leading cause of death in the world.  They also educate on how it is human choice that anger becomes an emotion of our lives.  Ways of protecting yourself from aggressive drivers are also advised in this chapter.  The interactive checklist in discovering self-road rage tendency concludes the chapter.

 

            Chapter 19, “Is Using a Cellphone Like Driving Drunk?,” by Donald Redelmeier and Robert Tibshirani is about life stories about use of the cellular phone and getting into an accident.  With much ease cell phone use while driving is something that can be monitored and one change in decreasing mortality can lead to many more.  In their study they concluded that the cell phone is not an adequate cause of fatal collisions because cell phone usage does not lead to fatal collisions. 

 

c)  Discuss in what way these ideas contribute to solving society’s driving problems.

           

            By informing the public that the automobile is the leading cause of death should be the major eye catcher.  We see advertisements of decreasing smoking and drinking, but where are the commercials on driving safety? After being taught that anger is a natural emotion for a majority of life, it is truly a choice that humans make.  Seeing anger as a choice assists with any desired actions of retaliation in driving.

 

            Society seems to find a scapegoat for their actions, when in reality it is truly their own fault.  There are people who see the cell phone as a way to increase comfort in our lives and there are others who see it as a ways of emergency.  Of course there are only a handful that uses a cell phone as an emergency, knowing that we only have our selves to blame increases our awareness and alertness in driving

 

d)  Any other comments you wish to make.

 

 

The Question I am Answering is Question 3

 

a)  Discuss these two Web sites: drivers.com vs. drdriving.org by first describing their overall appearance and purpose.

 

            Dr. Driving’s website is a user friendly website and feels welcoming.  Dr. James and Dr. Nahl provide this website for the public’s personal use.  The website includes information in areas of children and youth, driving courses, elderly drivers, law enforcement and legislation, pedestrians and bicycling, etc.  Scrolling down the page you are able to view free articles concerning areas in traffic, useful statistics on car crashes and injures, related links, and main topics offered on their website.  The purpose of the website is clearly visible in educating driving psychology to the general people. 

 

            Drivers.com is a website that dedicates studies in the areas of computers and auto drivers.  Drivers.com is originated in Canada.  It has ads by Google on the far right corner, which often decreases credibility in the written articles.  It contains links to recently written articles on driving.  The website also includes an online store that you are able to buy books such as “Driving Lessons” edited by J. Peter Rothe. 

 

b)  What are their main differences? Be sure to consider at least these areas:

 

i)                                                                  content of articles

 

There is much variance in the content of the articles in the two websites.  Drdriving.org contains articles written by other professionals in driving psychology.  Although there is variety in choice of articles in drivers.com, how do we know that the articles written are credible because they are written by the “drivers.com staff.”  Drdriving.org shows much credibility in his article as they are written by professionals of the topic. 

 

ii)                                                                Content and tone of newsletters, when present

 

Availability in drivers.com is a major issue in newsletters.  Drivers.com is written several times a year and is emailed to you upon registration.  Drdriving.org did not contain any newsletter, but when searched articles were the response.

 

iii) Style of the site

 

Drivers.com is designed with frames and is commercial oriented.  Drdriving.org is basic with multiple links at the bottom of the page, with the main page also containing a list of sub-categories in driving. 

 

iv)  Probable Audience

 

The probable audiences for Drdriving.org are students of his class, professionals interested in fixing societies problems in driving, and those seeking professional advice in driving psychology.  Drivers.com seeks anyone looking for an occupation in driving and any person seeking current issues in the traffic community. 

 

v)    Public Relations or Policy, etc.

 

There is no written policy in either of the websites.  Public Relations involving Drdriving.org is completed by Dr. Nahl and Dr. James.  The couple is contacted either by phone or by email regarding questions or concerns, and what I would consider a “family business.”  Drivers.com has articles and contact information including address, phone, and email.  Drivers.com also contains ads from Google who sponsors the website.

 

vi)  Advertising (if any)

 

Advertising in Drdriving.org would only be the book and video authored by Dr. James and Dr. Nahl.  The advertising on Drivers.com is written by Cardinal Logistics, which is a sponsored link and ads by Google.

 

vii)  Size (number of files or links)

 

Drivers.com contains 4.65 kilobytes and 19 links.  Drdriving.org has approximately 84 links and holds 51.76 kilobytes. 

 

viii)  Ranking

     

According to Alexa powered by Google Drdriving.org is traffic ranked 389,384 and has been online since November 29, 1997.  Drivers.com is traffic ranked 91,519.  It has been available online since May 28, 2005. 

 

ix)  Other sites that link to each

 

Link to Drdriving.org: 

1.      http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/1999/Dec/01/opinion2.html

2.     http://au.dir.yahoo.com/Recreation/Automotive/Driving/Road_Rage/

3.     http://exn.ca/cars/Links.cfm

4.     http://www3.telus.net/eddyelmer/eeres.htm

5.     http://www.allscars.com/caranddriver/

 

Link to drivers.com:

1.      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roundabout

2.     http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview?id=13131

3.     http://washington-dc.addresses.com/city/driving~schools/washington-district+of+columbia-dc-89.html

4.     http://msn.careerbuilder.com/jobposter/partners/partnerlist.aspx?id=manufacturing&cbRecursionCnt=1&cbsid=25b991058c3d4aceb9b6561a4be94b1f-187088482-td-1

5.     http://library.millersville.edu/guide.cfm?Parent=608

 

 

The Question I am answering is Question 4: 

a) Select three of the following student reports from Generation 15:

1.      http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409af2001/ahsing/report2.htm

2.     http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409af2001/chun/report2.htm

3.     http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409af2001/lukey/report2.htm

4.     http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409bf2001/morreira/Report2.htm

5.     http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409bf2001/shellgirl/report2.htm

6.     http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409bf2001/reaves/report2.html

7.     http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409af2001/sophie/report2.htm

b) Summarize each of the three reports. Be sure you put a link to the report you are referring to.

 

i)                http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409af2001/chun/report2.htm

 

This is the second report of Alyssa Chun entitled “Customizing My Emotional Spin Cycle: Data Analysis”.  Cycling of positive and negative feelings that equates to thoughts and following actions.  Her assignment was to collect data of her emotional spin cycle.  After explaining the emotional spin cycle, she analyzed two weeks of her data recognizing her uses of red or blue bridge techniques.  In her findings were somewhat biased and stressed that time was an issue of data collected. 

 

ii)  http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409bf2001/reaves/report2.html

           

Nicole Reaves was the author of this report.  This report was also entitled “Customizing My Emotional Spin Cycle: Data Analysis.”  She first introduces you to the Emotional Spin Cycle by defining it and its components.  After explaining the three-step method and the blue/red bride techniques, she summarized her two weeks of observation and discussed the issues of changing habits.  Through her study she was able to realize just how challenging changing old habits can be. 

 

iii)   http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/409af2001/sophie/report2.htm

 

Sophie wrote report two:  “Customizing My Emotional Spin Cycle:  Data Analysis.”  She introduces the emotional daily cycle, three-step method, and the bridges all theorized by Dr. James.  Over her two week period she was to rate her days on a scale of 1-10 on the amount of stress she received.  Sophie found that in her two week period, she enjoys life and leads life stress-free.  Self-witnessing is also appreciated in this observation of herself, which incorporate her to learn methods of the threefold self and emotional spin cycle.

 

c) Add a General Conclusion Section in which you discuss your reactions to what they did

i) their ideas

Their ideas were explained in such a way that people with no background of driving psychology would be able to understand.  They all effectively learned characteristics of themselves as they completed the process of self-witnessing. 

ii) their method

Chun had the best method of recording her self witnessing.  By providing the days and levels her daily emotional spin cycle, she was able to determine any drastic changes.  Whereas Reaves only provided samples of her data collected, which may undermine the research she has completed.  Sophie was well organized in her research and provided the dates as well as times in which she recorded her emotional spin-cycle. 

iii) their explanations.

They all provided understandable explanations.  They were able to determine any changes in their daily spin cycle, and whether or not the two week research was adequate.  Chun believed that the two weeks certainly was not enough time for such a sophisticated research project.  They could not determine whether or not they had any drastic changes in emotions. 

d) What did they gain from doing their reports?

They were able to understand the concept behind self-witnessing, the ability to understand their actions, emotions, and feelings.  They were able to apply the three-step method to their daily lives and comprehend the changes in the affective, cognitive, and sensorimotor; they were also able to identify their three-fold self and using the bridges able to adjust any negative feelings, thoughts, or desires.

e) How do their ideas influence what you yourself think about these issues?

Their research makes a believer out of me, that the concepts of Dr. James are in fact useful to driving improvements.  Their research also proves that they are able to apply their knowledge of the class to life’s challenges.  Dr. James’s steps of becoming a supportive driver do not only apply to driving, but other emotional challenges as well. 

 

The Question I am answering is Question 5:

 

a) Consider Table 5 in the Lecture Notes, in the Section on Driving Psychology Theory and Charts at  www.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/leonj/leonpsy23/409a-g23-lecture-notes.htm#Charts 

Table 5
Emotionally Intelligent Driver Personality Skills
 

Driver Competence Skills

Aggressive
NEGATIVE DRIVING

Supportive
POSITIVE DRIVING

Not
Emotionally Intelligent
(REPTILIAN DRIVING)
 

Emotionally
Intelligent
(CORTICAL DRIVING)
 

1. Focusing on self vs. blaming others or the situation

"This traffic is impossibly slow. What’s wrong with these jerks. They’re driving like idiots."
 

"I’m feeling very impatient today. Everything seems to tick me off."

2. Understanding how feelings and thoughts act together


"I’m angry, scared, outraged. How can they do this to me."
 

"I feel angry, scared, outraged when I think about what could have happened."
 

3. Realizing that anger is something we choose vs. thinking it is provoked
 

"They make me so mad when they do that."

"I make myself so mad when they do that."

4. Being concerned about consequences vs. giving in to impulse

"I just want to give this driver a piece of my mind. I just want him to know how I feel."

"If I respond to this provocation I lose control over the situation. It’s not worth it."
 

5. Showing respect for others and their rights vs. thinking only of oneself


"They better stay out of my way. I’m in no mood for putting up with them. Out of my way folks."


"I wish there was no traffic but it’s not up to me. These people have to get to their destination too."
 

6. Accepting traffic as collective team work vs. seeing it as individual competition

"Driving is about getting ahead. I get a jolt out of beating a red light or finding the fastest lane. It’s me vs. everybody else."
 

"I try to keep pace with the traffic realizing that my movements can slow others down—like switching lanes to try to get ahead."
 

7. Recognizing the diversity of drivers and their needs and styles vs. blaming them for what they choose to do
 

"How can they be so stupid? They’re talking on the phone instead of paying attention to the road."
 

"I need to be extra careful around drivers using a hand held cellular phone since they may be distracted."
 

8. Practicing positive role models vs. negative

"Come on, buddy, speed up or I’ll be on your tail. Go, go. What’s wrong with you. There’s no one ahead."
 

"This driver is going slower than my desires. Now I can practice the art of patience and respect for the next few minutes."
 

9.  Learning to inhibit the impulse to criticize by developing a sense of driving humor

"I can’t stand all these idiots on the road. They slow down when they should speed up. They gawk, they crawl, anything but drive."
 

"I’m angry, I’m mad
Therefore I’ll act calm, I’ll smile and not compete.  Already I feel better.  Be my guest, enter ahead."
 

10. Taking driving seriously by becoming aware of one’s mistakes and correcting them

"I’m an excellent driver, assertive and competent, with a clean accident record—just a few tickets here and there."

"I monitor myself as a driver and keep a driving log of my mistakes. I think it’s important to include thoughts and feelings, not just the overt acts."

 

 

b)  Consult the article from which the Table was taken.

 

The above comes from:   www.drdriving.org/articles/driving_psy.htm

 

c)  Copy and paste the table into your file. Now delete the examples in each cell and replace them with your own examples that you make up.

 

 

Driver Competence Skills

Aggressive
NEGATIVE DRIVING

Supportive
POSITIVE DRIVING

Not
Emotionally Intelligent
(REPTILIAN DRIVING)
 

Emotionally
Intelligent
(CORTICAL DRIVING)
 

1. Focusing on self vs. blaming others or the situation

"These “Sunday drivers” drive so slow, just because they are off from work doesn’t mean that I am."
 

"I should have left sooner, then I would not be rushing."

2. Understanding how feelings and thoughts act together

"They were inches from hitting me, I could have died."
 

"I feel angry, scared, outraged when I think about what could have happened."
 

3. Realizing that anger is something we choose vs. thinking it is provoked
 

"They make me so mad when they don’t allow me to merge."

"I make myself so mad when they don’t allow me to merge."

4. Being concerned about consequences vs. giving in to impulse

"I am going to rev my car when I pass him because he was going SO slowly.”

"I am not the cop, and I have to deal with my own problems before adjusting others.”
 

5. Showing respect for others and their rights vs. thinking only of oneself


"I am tired, sleepy, and had a long day, hurry up and get out of my way."


"I should have slept earlier last night, I am sure many of them are tired too."
 

6. Accepting traffic as collective team work vs. seeing it as individual competition

"I need to get ahead of this HandiVan, they never let me merge when I have to."
 

"If I switch lanes now, I won’t have to worry about it later."
 

7. Recognizing the diversity of drivers and their needs and styles vs. blaming them for what they choose to do
 

"This guy is totally weaving back and forth between the lanes, he needs to not drink and drive.”
 

"I will keep my distance from this guy, I don’t want anything to happen to him, my passengers, or myself."
 

8. Practicing positive role models vs. negative

"Why are you going 40mph on the freeway, what’s your problem? Please don’t exit the highway now! #*$^ you are!"
 

"Time will go by fast if I just calm down, I am almost home where I can relax."
 

9.  Learning to inhibit the impulse to criticize by developing a sense of driving humor

"Crazy drivers, why can’t they learn how to drive."
 

"If you are going to drive that way, please don’t you are endangering our life as well as others."
 

10. Taking driving seriously by becoming aware of one’s mistakes and correcting them

"I haven’t gotten into any major accidents in my five years of driving, I ’m an excellent driver, I only brushed fenders."

"I record any driving errors even if I am not endangering anyone, and modify my actions as time passes."

 

d) Discuss why driving is such a big problem in all societies and why no effective solutions have yet been found for them.

           

Driving is a problem in all societies because it is built around the curves of the Earth.  In societies such as the United States, people are stuck blaming others for their mistakes in driving.  I believe there is a lack of public knowledge in problems of driving.  Without the instruction of Dr. James’s Driving Psychology class, I would never have considered myself a negative driver. 

 

e) Discuss the solutions offered by Dr. Leon James (www.DrDriving.org). What likelihood is there that his approach will be adopted? Explain.

           

After years of research, Dr. James and Dr. Nahl have established many solutions to solving society’s problem in driving.  Of the solutions, the three step method and driving personality makeover would help others to solve worldwide solutions.  The three-step method and driving personality makeover are practical, but not advertised as other problems in society such as drinking, smoking, drugs, and diseases.  It is a lack of this driving knowledge and interest in society that it is a solution.    If it ever does become a trend, these solutions should be the first to introduction.

 

The Question I am answering is Question 7:

 

a)              Our textbook Road Rage and Aggressive Driving has checklist exercises in several chapters. Do the following four exercises: (X = Yes)

 

                           i.          Checklist on How Passenger-Friendly Are You on p.184-5

 

How many of these items are true of you as a driver?

1.      _X_    I always consider my passenger’s feelings.

2.     _X_    I adjust my driving to accommodate to my passengers’ comfort.

3.     _X_    I let my passengers influence my driving for the better.