Outline of My Fourth Oral Presentation

“Chainge, Chainge, Chainge”

This is a presentation of

Road Rage and Aggressive Driving: Steering Clear of Highway Warfare

Dr. Leon James and Dr. Diane Nahl, Prometheus Books, pp. 133-150

By Jadine Makinano

I. Acknowledge

a. Why acknowledge?

i. Most difficult step in changing undesirable habits

ii. Important to first acknowledge that a change needs to occur

b. Example: “I know I speed. This is dangerous, I should take the initiative to follow speed limit.”

c. Opinion: I agree. I think that acknowledging is the hardest to do and then to implement the change.

II. Witness

a. Why witness or self-witness?

i. Self-observation or self-monitoring are comparable for self-witnessing

ii. Verbalizing our thoughts and feelings during a situation

iii. Making a mental “check list” of what you are doing, how, when and why

b. Example: (while driving) “Hmm, how am I today? Am I paying attention to my environment or surroundings?”

c. Opinion: This is an important step, especially while in the process of driving

III. Modify

a. Why modify?

i. Helps to change driving behaviors

ii. Changing lifelong driving habits are difficult

iii. Focus on specific habits one at a time

b. Example: Making a conscious effort to leave home earlier.

i. Putting earpiece in ears before starting engine

ii. Cutting sandwich in smaller pieces so you can eat

c. Opinion: This is definitely a difficult step to do as well. It takes a lot of discipline

Helpful Links:

My Home Page: