Report on How Drivers Communicate:
Verbal or Non-Verbal



 
 
 
 

Table of Contents

Instructions for this report
Kristin Subia (G6)
Andrew Shapiro
Kristin Evert's (G7)
MaryElizabeth Pacheco's (G7)
Usenet and Web Discussions
CSS engine and Site Indexes/Generations in traffic psychology
Eric/Uncover
Other Student's Reports
Conclusion
Navigation Table


Kristin Subia (G6)
     Ms. Kristin Subia's report is on drivers' communication and interaction of the drivers.  Her report describes a few of the most common types of communication that is involved in the interaction.  There are six situations that she discusses, Making turns, Changing lanes, Yielding the way, Making room in one's lane for someone, Tailgating and overtaking, and Racing. Ms. Subia also states three methods and their effectiveness in communication.  The first method is vehicular communication. Vehicular communication is using blinkers to indicate turning left or right, using your horn to a person's attention, reving the engine to indicate racing, driving close to indicate changing lanes, and following very closely behind to another car.  The second method is verbal communication.  It's a method hardly used for communication because driving is not seen as a social activity. The third and final method used for communication is gestures and facial expressions.  Gestures is an important part of communication between drivers, Ms. Subia says that gestures are used as a final confirmation for several different things. Such as, Waving the hand is a common gesture used between drivers. All of the mentioned methods are an effective way of communication between drivers on the road. Ms. Subia recommends that people should just use the same methods they have been using.
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Andrew Shapiro
In Mr. Shapiro's introduction he states that when most drivers have come to a four-way intersection certain regulations make common sense and courtesy to others.  He states that it is interesting to see drivers trying to use gestures for the right-of-way.  Mr. Shapiro defines gesture as "any action that sends a visual signal to an onlooker."  (Morris,1977, P. 24). Mr. Shapiro?s report is a mini-observational study on gestures, asking the main question of Why do drivers gesture? He states that when arriving at an intersection make your intentions clear by using appropriate gestures to avoid dangerous situations. Mr Shapiro also notes that even though people use gestures ?there is a distinct potential for miscommunication of the meaning of driver?s gestures with potentially adverse results.  His main point is that drivers should lighten up and enjoy the ride.
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Kristin Evert's (G7)
Kristin Evert did her report on, 'How Drivers Communicate: The Hardest Language to Learn.' One part of Ms. Evert's report is on her predictions and methods of driver communication. Paying much attention to intense or negative driver communication. She also states her predictions, she starts this by defining two terms she developed to help describe different types of driving behavior. The first is "Car Communication." meaning the communication which is done by using your car and the style of the driver driving. The second is "Physical Driver Communication" meaning facial expressions, hand gestures, and even verbal communication. Then she goes on to her observations and evaluations. Comprising of three experiences or observations, One occurring on November 23, 1997 on Kalaniana'ole Highway, one on December 1, 1997 on Dole Street, and one on December 4, 1997 on the Pali Highway. Ms. Evert goes on in her report with suggestions to fix the problem of drivers misunderstanding each other. Such as universal driver communication methods. She also suggests positive reinforcement, that  would be a good idea to allow people to remember and use hand signals or waves.
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MaryElizabeth Pacheco's (G7)
In Mary Elizabeth Pacheco?s report she uses two types of hand gestures, one of positive hand gesturing and another of negative hand gesturing. See describes the positive hand gestures as acceptane and or gratitude. The negative hand gesture is the middle finger, that she attributes to a disapproval. She notes that it is important for people to pay attention to the communication signals that others drivers are putting accross. She gives some reasons why this is important. The first reason, by observing other?s behavior as well as your own, it allows a person to understand a little clearer how drivers communicate. The second reason, through observation of oneself and others, it is a good way to assess your own behavior,  since communication between drivers is not always positive.
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Usenet and Web Discussions 
 
Being Seen:Dejanews
> Uh...no, actually.  You're thinking of cagers.
>
> A flash of the headlights is a universal signal among US truck
> drivers, meaning just the same thing as it does in the UK -- your pass
> is complete and you're clear to pull back in.  It's also customary for
> the overtaking vehicle to flash his taillights after pulling back in,
> as a "thank you" gesture to the truck which allowed him to pass.
>
> Truckers assume -- and rightly so -- that bikers and cages (actually,
> anthing with fewer than ten wheels is a "four-wheeler" to a trucker)
> are blind and deaf to this communication, although if you demonstrate
> your trucking savvy by giving the proper signals (and not driving like
> a typical cager) they'll usually take that at face value and accord
> you the same courtesy.
>
> I never learned all the intracacies of truckers' light language -- my
> dad was a trucker, not me -- but it seems possible to hold a lengthy
> conversation on almost any subject using nothing but the truck's
> lighting equipment (in case the CB radio breaks down, I guess).
>
> -Scott
> '73 CB450

Quite right, although the original post was about "vehicles."
I will certainly say that in the years I've been riding, most
truckers show about 3 times the concern for a biker's welfare
than cagers do.  And that yes, most trucks do indeed obey
lane discipline, unlike the majority of car drivers.

Jim

This gives an insight into how some of the road users view communication between other drivers. It is majority of the time as an act of courtesy, but when one does not know the signals to show in situations then rage or havoac occurs.
Radios in cars:Dejanews
 
> What if instead of AM/FM radios became standard car equipment, CB
> radios were standard equipment instead?

Drivers would be able to scream at each other more easily, which might
lead to more people pulling over for a fight, or shooting at each
other if you are in the U.S.  Alternately, CBs might start playing the
role that mobile phones do today: and the car-as-mobile-office concept
would have caught on much earlier.  The problem with having CB radios
becoming standard equipment in cars is that there is no obvious use
for limited two-way communication between vehicles.  AM/FM radios are
useful because driving is usually very boring (you spend a lot of time
waiting at lights, or driving down highways with little scenery) and
listening to music or some brain-dead political commentator can be a
good way to keep yourself awake or entertained during the trip.  There
was a brief craze for CB radios in North America in the 1970s, but the
fad fizzled because they didn't serve any useful purpose for most
people.  The first radio I ever bought could receive the CB bands, but
I don't remember ever listening to them after the first day.

I think that by using CB radios may cause even more confusion to the everyday driver. A person may say something to someone and another person may hear it and respond. This is where the confusion would take place. It is a good idea but to allow people to use it in a wrong way may even worsen the problem.
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CSS engine and Site Indexes/Generations in traffic psychology

Jayson Nakasone

Writes about how road rage comes about through the misinterpretation of driver signals. When a driver signals to another driver about what they are about to do cause reactions, usually of courtesy. Sometimes though the communication faulters, the outcome maybe a crash but majority of the time there is aggression.

Mr. Nakasone also goes into some details of merging, changing lanes, and right of way all of which require a certain degree of communication and knowledge of driving. Under these the type of communication usually utilizes hand signals, and the blinker. Mr. Nakasone makes a very good suggestion "One piece of advice is to have someone else drive so you are able to concentrate on the other drivers and not worry so much about your own vehicle." This allow one to pay attention to different stimuli that maybe missed while driving.
 

Trisha Hashimoto
Trisha Hashimoto discusses racing, overtaking, and making room in a lane, of which she breaks it down into categories. These categories are Methods of Interaction, How Widespread is It?, Who Uses It?, How Effective is It?, What is It's Function for the Doer?, and For the Receiver?. Through her data collecting she noticed many things that she did not notice before. She states that when she first started out she focused on the negative forms of communication such as cussing and flipping the bird. There are other more positive forms of communication that she noticed also such as signaling a lane change and the other driver waving you in. The wave is like a thank you.
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Eric/Uncover
Allbritten, Drew W.. A Dummy Driving School That's Not so Dumb. Training; v25 n12 p77-80 Dec 1988. 1988

Bowers, Barbara. Getting Aggressive about Road Rage. Best's Review: Life Health Insurance Edition, Nov 1997, 98, 61.

Eisenlauer, Richard. Driver and Traffic Safety: Program Evaluation, 1990-1991. K-12.

Kenel, Francis C., Ed.; Krueger, Emily A., Ed. Cooperative Driver Education Manual for the High School EMR Student. 1969

Malfetti, James L. Young driver attitude scale: The development and field-testing of an instrument to measure young driver risk-taking attitudes New York: Comlumbia University, 1989.

Malfettit, James L. and Winter, Darlene J. Safe and unsafe performance of older drivers: a
descriptive study. New York: Columbia University, 1987.

National Driver Education and Training Symposia. Public and Nonpublic Schools, December 1-4, 1968. Commercial Driving Schools, January 26-29, 1969. . 1969

Smith, Angela. How to be a Great Communicator. American School board Journal. V178, n8, p31-33. Aug. 1991.

Schulz, Wolfgang. Traffic Management Improvement by Integrating Modern Communication Systems. Ieee Communications magazine. Oct. 1, 1996, v34, n10 p56.

Thiel, Randall R.. A Guide to Curriculum Planning in Driver and Traffic Safety Education. Bulletin No. 96300. .

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Conclusion

Driver communication is extremely important for many reasons, such as avoiding collisions, and avoiding situations of aggression. Many times people misinterpret the information provided by the other drivers which may lead to these reasons. Hand gesturing, and signaling is the most reported type of communication, these allow other drivers know of your intention and can move to allow for your actions.

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Navigation Table
Report #1:Virtual Online Communities
Report #2: The Speed Limit Debate
Report #3: How Drivers Commumicate
Oral Report #1:Distance Education
Oral Report #2:Privacy by Dyson
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