Annotated Bibliography

by: Donna Nazarchyk

Fall 2002-- Generation 17

Instructions for this report can be accessed here

Welcome to my annotated bibliography. I chose to do research on how men and women differ in their ways of expressing rage and on how men and women differ in relationships. The subsections you will read are summaries of the research materials that I thought were most interesting. Enjoy!

Why and How Men and Women express rage and aggression differently (1)

A) This first piece of material is from a website I found online at: http://www.ucsf.edu/pressrel/2000/01/012804.html. It is an article titled: Comparisons of Anger Expression in Men and Women reveals surprising differences, by Deborah Cox. This is a study involving eighty men and one-hundred and two-three women.

The researchers found that men felt less effective and less influential when forced to hold their anger in, whereas women didn't feel nearly as constricted when they didn't express their anger directly. They also found a high correlation between expressing one's anger outward and being assertive in men, but not in women. The intended message for this material is that men and women do, indeed express rage very differently.

B) My initial reaction to finding this website was pure joy because it was exactly what I was looking for. The thing that caught my interest in the first place was the title of the study. The finding from this study was just what I was looking for.

The article was easy to read and told me what I wanted to know. The article stuck with my attention because it didn't beat around the bush but instead gave facts and findings from the study. It gives a lot of information for the size of the article.

C) I really like this article and agree with it. I think this study is extremely useful in the way that it's a study and that it was done by Deborah Cox. I like the ways she points out the good and bad in each sex.

The interesting part I found was that women can be assertive but in different ways then men. I didn't think about that until reading this aritcle. I also found interesting that They found a correlation between expressing one's anger outwardly and being assertive in men, but not in women.

D) I found this website by going on the google search engine and just typing in "different ways men and women express rage". It was quite easy to find and very easy to understand.

This website came up as the first one in my listing and was not hard to find. The search engine I used was very good and I tried different ways of saying my search topic and even then this website came up as one of the top websites relevant to my search.

Why and How Men and Women express rage and aggression differently (2)

A) This next section is from a website called Causes of Violence. You can find it at: http://facstaff.uww.edu/poormanp/causes.html. This website explains why men and women act so differently when it comes to expressing violence and rage.

This site says that culturally we teach men to be more competitive, dominant, aggressive and we teach women to be more passive, subordinate and accommodating. It talks about how when men portray violence we sigh and say "boys will be boys" and when women portray violence we shake our heads and punish them.

B) My initial reaction to this article was that it was boring but, reading the article payed off because the things that I was really interested in for my topic was at the middle and ending of the article. The main thing that caught my interest was the title of the article and the fact that it was used for Psychoeducational groups for abused women.

I realize that the beginning seems to have nothing to do with my topic, but as you read on you see how they start to differentiate between the two sexes and how they react and express anger. I also liked how they ended the article saying that what you learn and be unlearned. I think that's very important when learning and teaching about behavior.

C) I do agree with this article that socially we teach boys and girls to be violent or passive, whether we see it or not. This material is useful because we can't just think about how men and women are different physiologically but we must think how they are different culturally as well.

It's hard to think that we teach boys and girls to be so different, but as hard as it is to believe, the fact remains that we teach them to be the way they are. It's how it's been done since forever and will remain that way until society decides to stop denying that there actually is a problem.

D) I found this article using the search engine google. It was not hard to access or understand and I found it very easily. It was one of the websites that showed up in the first tweleve listings.

I think using the internet is much easier today then using the library because of the endless resources that can be accessed. On the internet the resources are not only easily accessed but are free...which makes it even better!

Why and How Men and Women express rage and aggression differently (3)

A) This next research material is actually from textbook. It's used in women's studies classes and is called Women's Voices, Feminist Visions, written by Susan M. Shaw and Janet Lee. It's found in reading number twenty-one entitled Spiking the Punch by Natalie Angier.

This reading suggests that we teach boys and girls to be different aggressively by the way we raise them socially. It says that boys use direct aggression, while girls are taught to use indirect aggression. Which consists of snubbing people, silent treatment, walking away, etc...

B) When I first read this a long time ago I found it very interesting because I have three little cousins, which I realized that my family does do this. Then when I decided on my topics for this annotated bibliography I came across the book again and was so excited to make it apart of my report.

I like the whole chapter that encompasses all the differences about how we raise boys and girls. It takes into account "machismo", feminism, biology and social scripts, which I think are all important to take into account.

C) I do agree with this article because unless you're looking for this actively in your society you don't see it. A father will automatically knock the Barbie doll out of his son's hand and put a G.I. Joe action figure into it. It's something interesting that we do everyday and don't realize it.

It's amazing how this book can be throw out so many facts. Unfortunently this book is from a point of feminists so I find some male bashing included in this book. Some points made in this book, I think are unnecessary.

D) This article was surprisingly easy to find because I have the book, but what was so surprising was that I remembered about the article. Of course I had to re-read the article to make sure it was what I thought it was, but overall it was easy to find and understand.

Why and How Men and Women express rage and aggression differently (4)

A) This section is from a book entitled The Nature of the Sexes, The Sociobiology of sex differences and the "battle of the sexes". It is volume three in the essays in human sociobiology. There are various parts to this book with each part having a different author. This particular essay is called: Sex differences and aggression by Tore Bjerke.

Bjerke tries to explain males tendency to be more aggressive through the use of testosterone. He says that because it is almost triple the times more present in men it is the cause for the more aggressiveness.

B) My initial reaction to this book was that I was going to get something out of it. It would just take time to scan through all the articles to pick one. What caught my interest was when I glanced through the table of contents there was a lot of articles on aggression differences between men and women.

Overall the book encompasses many essays about physiological differences and not psychological differences. This dissappointed me because it seems like this book is only looking at one perspective of the topic when this topic can't be looked at with only one view.

C) I don't agree with Bjerke because even today we still don't know all the exact functions of testosterone. So to say that male aggressiveness is caused entirely by testosterone is not true.

I think this is just a man trying to make excuses for other men. So that men think that it's out of their control and that things like aggression and rage can't be changed. I think this point of view is even more valid when I look through the book and find that most of the authors are men.

D) I found this book at Hamilton Library. This book was hard to find because it did not show up in on the listings on the computer when I went to search. Instead I found this book in the same vicinity as another book that I got from the computer listing.

I found it very disturbing how difficult it was to find books at Hamilton Library. I think that they should re-do their system so that it is more efficient. I never thought I'd see the day that I did not enjoy the library.

Why and How Men and Women express rage and aggression differently

(5)

A) My last piece of research material comes from a website I found on accident. It comes from http://www.progressive.com/newsroom/srvy_carhome.asp and it is a survey done by an insurance company about road rage. This survey says that women are more likely to swear and shout at other drivers behind the wheel, while men are more likely to use their car aggressively and use hand gestures.

This site also says that "69 percent of people say they eat behind the wheel, 12 percent apply makeup or shave, and seven percent read a book or newspaper. The survey also found that 44 percent of respondents say they use a cell phone while driving".

B) My initial reaction to this article was enthusiasm but I was hasty to use it because I really wanted a web log or magazine article. My interest was in the title alone when I clicked on the link to it from another website.

I found it interesting that the article was written by a insurance company. Although it does seem fit because a lot of statistics are given. It also seems fit because this article talks about the horrible things people do behind the wheel and there consequences.

C) I agree with what the article has to say especially about how men use their cars more aggressively then women. This article was useful because it just shoots out facts about what people do behind the wheel and how they deal with it. It doesn't beat around the bush.

I also agree with the article when it says that people with SUV's and trucks are more likely to use their vehicles more aggressively. People with "racer" cars speed more but I think they do that to swearve in and out of lanes. People with larger vehicles tend to force their way into lanes more.

D) Finding more interesting articles on this topic was hard to find because I didn't want to just use regular websites. Unfortunantly trying to find more articles on the weblogs and online magazines did not come up with what I wanted.

I found this article on accident when I was trying to figure out how to use the web logs. I was getting very frustrated because my searches were coming up empty handed. Then I saw a link for this article and I clicked on it just out of sheer desperation because I was losing my patience.

this next sections is research material on:

differences between men and women in relationships.

Differences between men and women in relationships (1)

A) This is from a book entitled: Women and Men by: Scheinfeld. In this book he talks about why boys and women have different ways at looking at relationships. Women, when entering a relationship must think about her social role as well as her career. Then she must inevitably decide to stop her career to "fulfill" her social role of being a good mother and wife.

The man on the other hand does not have so much pressure. The only thing his family and society will push on him is to decide his vocation and to "be somebody".

B) My initial reaction to this book was very doubtful. I had to scan through the book and read a lot before I got to the information that I wanted. Then I realized that the whole book is a good source for this topic.

It talks about how men and women are raised differently, think differently and think about relationships differently. It talks about how men and women value relationships differently.

C) I agree with this part of the book, because it is important that we look back at the beginning to see why women and men look at relationships differently. It's important to see where the cause of these problems are.

It's hard to admit that these problems come from our own homes but it's been proven over and over again. This book takes us from the delivery room where we are put into pink or blue blankets, to the workplace were men get higher pay for the same doing the same job.

D) I found this book at the library with very much difficulty. It was not on the listing of books when I searched on the libraries computer and I found this book by chance in the vicinity of the other books that I was looking for.

I find it disturbing that it was so hard to find books relevant to my research topic. This is just one of the many books that I found by chance. The library really needs to change their system.

Differences between men and women in relationships (2)

A) This next book is entitled: Sex and Gender differences in personal relationships, by Canary Emmers-Sommer. This book is very interesting. It talks about how men and women are different emotionally, aggressively, affectionately, etc...

It says that men have a hard time confronting their sadness while women have a easier time doing so. It also states that women's happiness is based on her relationships status, while men don't base their happiness on their relationships but on socioeconomic and cultural factors. I especially enjoy the part of this book were the author explains why men are promiscuous and women are monogamous.

B) I was very satisfied with not only the title of the book when I found it but also with the contents. Of all the books and research material I value this particular one, because it hits on all the points I wanted to read about in one book.

This book talks about how advertising is poured out more towards women and how even though there are so many differences in men and women, one can not be without the other. This book even takes into account the different sex lives that men and women encounter in their lives.

C) I agree with this book and the views it takes about the differences between men and women, not because I hate men, but because men need to read this. They need to know that society has raised them a certain way and they are not even aware of it.

I especially like the sections in this book that talks about why men and women can't live without eachother. Another feature of this book that I like is the section on how men can be deceitful towards women by making them feel small and guilty for things that aren't their fault or responsibility.

D) I found this book at the library. It was not an easy book to find, particularly because it was not in the findings on the computer when I looked for my topic. It was in another section of the library that I went to just to see what they had.

Again...This is not the first time this has happened. This is one of the many books that are related to my topic that did not show up in the listing on the computer at the library.

Differences between men and women in relationships (3)

A) This next book is entitled: The Two Sexes, by Maccoby. This book goes over how girls and boys can be raised together but come out so differently because of the society that they grow up in. It talks about how boys are taught to not to display feelings and also how they are taught to be tough.

While girls are trained completely the opposite. The author then points out how society expects marriages and relationships to work out when the two sexes are raised with completely different out looks on relationships.

B) My initial reaction to the book was positive because as I scanned through it and there was a lot to use. The book explains a lot of how two sexes can grow up together, but when you look at them separately they look like they were raised on different planets.

It goes into depth about how boys are taught certain things and how girls are taught that boys are supposed to work. Everythihg that girls go through prepares them not for life but for child raising.

C) I like this book a lot because it explains from when boys and girls are raised to when they are expected to work together and make relationships work. Not only in the work place but personal relationships as well.

I find it interesting how this book takes us into the work place and talks about the difficulties that they encounter because of the different raising that the two sexes have had.

D) I found this book at the library. It was not found on the list of findings when I did a search. I found this book by chance while looking for other books in the same section.

Again...This book is the same story as the other books that I tried very hard to find at Hamilton library. I can only re-itarite about how peeved I am about the system at the library.

Differences between men and women in relationships (4)

A) This next material is from a website you can find at: http://www.crisiscounseling.com/Relationships/DifferencesMenWomen.htm. It is research observations done by Michael G. Conner, Psy.D, Clinical, Medical & Family Psychology. This article talks about the problems men and women have in communicating. The following is what I thought was the most interesting part of the paper and would help to summarize what this paper is about:

"For most women, sharing and discussing a problem presents an opportunity to explore, deepen or strengthen the relationship with the person they are talking with. Woman are usually more concerned about how problems are solved than merely solving the problem itself. For women, solving a problem can profoundly impact whether they feel closer and less alone or whether they feel distant and less connected. The process of solving a problem can strengthen or weaken a relationship. Most men are less concerned and do not feel the same as women when solving a problem.
Men approach problems in a very different manner than women. For most men, solving a problem presents an opportunity to demonstrate their competence, their strength of resolve, and their commitment to a relationship. How the problem is solved is not nearly as important as solving it effectively and in the best possible manner".

B) I really like this article because it was what I was looking for and the topics addressed are really interesting. I was very optimistic about this article to begin with and I'm satisfied with it.

I also found this article amusing because it even talks about the physical differences men and women have like the thickness of the head. I thought it was very funny that they go through those kind of details.

C) I like what this article has to say and I agree with this article. Men and women have totally different views on handle relationships and situations. I especially like the excerpt I picked about how men and women have different perceptive on how to handle problems in a relationship.

I especially like the ending where the author says, that when women and men start to try and understand the other sex, that's when things will start to get better. When we start to embrace our differences things will progress. I espcecially agree with that statement.

D) I found this article on the web. I used the google search engine and found it somewhat easily. It came up on the first twelve listings when I searched for this topic and the article was easy to understand.

I simply typed "differences between men and women in relationships" and a lot of relevant topics came up. I prefer research on the web to research at the library because it's less of a hassle.

Differences between men and women in relationships (5):

A) This material can be found on: http://www.relationship-institute.com/freearticles_detail.cfm?article_ID=151 and is posted by the relationship institute. It deals with all kinds of differences that men and women have. It starts out biologically then goes to socially, then it lists the different values men and women have when fully grown.

I enjoyed the list of different values the most because it makes so much sense. It talks about how women value communication, love, beauty and relationships, while a man's sense of self is defined through his ability to achieve results, through success and accomplishment. Achieve goals and prove his competence and feel good about himself. There is much more different goals listed and the whole article is very interesting.

B) My initial reaction to this article was very positive because I found it in my first twelve listings when searching on the web (which means it's relevant to my topic.

C) I didn't have doubts about this article because it doesn't place the blame on only one particular subjection. Instead it talks about all the different possibilities about why men and women are different and then lets the reader take it all in. It even goes into how men complain about women and vice versa. It talks about many different types of differences men and women have.

I agree with this article and it's many points of views . It's a very useful source for people that just want facts in a short and simple fashion instead of a fancy essay. I believe the views are accurate and useful when dealing with the subject of differences between men and women.

D) I found this website by using the google search engine. This website was not difficult to find and it was very easy to read. It appeared in the first twelve listings that were relevant to my search topic.

After doing this report I realized how much information is out there. When looking for my information I tried to look for a significance in the relationship between my topic and the material. At the same time however I tried to get different perspectives and ideas on the topic so that I was not just repeating the same thing over and over again. I think the materials that I found are useful because it grasps from different views.

One source could point out the biological point of view, while another points out the social point of view, while another can encompass both topics and even more. After doing this research I think the next step up would be to do research of my own. I think conducting surveys on campuses and interviewing couples would be the best way to approach it. I would also like to interview parents and children to see their roles and views. .

Reference Section:

1) Why and How Men and Women express rage and aggression differently

A) website: http://www.ucsf.edu/pressrel/2000/01/012804.html.

B) Website: http://facstaff.uww.edu/poormanp/causes.html.

C) From a Textbook entitled: Women's Voices, Feminist Visions,

written by Susan M. Shaw and Janet Lee

D) A book found at Hamilton library entitled: The Nature of the Sexes, The Sociobiology of sex differences and the "battle of the sexes", Written by

E) Website: http://www.progressive.com/newsroom/srvy_carhome.asp

2) Differences between men and women in relationships

A) A book that can be found at Hamilton library entitled: Women and Men by: Scheinfeld

B) A book that can be found at Hamilton library entitled: Sex and Gender differences in personal relationships, by Canary Emmers-Sommer

C) A book that can be found at Hamilton library entitled: The Two Sexes, by Maccoby.

D) Website: http://www.crisiscounseling.com/Relationships/DifferencesMenWomen.htm

E) Website: http://www.relationship-institute.com/freearticles_detail.cfm?article_ID=151

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