Music & Driving
Music... To Ease Your Mind 
 
 
Table of Contents:
Instructions for This Report
E-mail postings written by G7/459 about Music and Driving  
Does Music Affect Driving Behavior?
Music Types
Music Volume
Music Tempo (Speed)
Past Generations Reports
 "Beyond Traffic Safety" Rothe's views
My Search on ERIC and Uncover
Conclusion
My Reactions On My Classmates Reports
 

 
 
Mr. Sasabe (G7) wrote: 
I got caught speeding twice in my life and both of the times it was because I was listening to the music in my car and did not realize how fast I was going. Maybe it's all about the "training" that Dr. James has been talking about, but when my favorite music comes out, I just lose myself! 

On a different day, I was driving and realized that music was off. It was a bit of surprise because I was so calm and relaxed that it was almost like I was meditating. So I recommend that you guys sometimes stop listening to the music in your car. It's really different! 

 

Mr. Sasabe has a good point.  I feel that training yourself to control how you drive while listing to music can help.  It's just too bad that he loses control when his favorite songs play.  He probably just needs a little more training.  I also had similar experiences when driving with the radio off.  It is really different.  I also noticed, when I am riding in another persons car, Music affects the way that they are driving and they way I feel when I am riding.  The music has the ability to make me nervous or calm.
 

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Mr. Miyoshi (G7) wrote: 
This is also something that I have been thinking about while taking this class. Does rock music make us more aggressive and slow methodical music make us a better driver. It is interesting because rock music makes our hearts beat faster and that might get our adrenaline flowing and made us lose some of our senses. Just a thought for everyone to think about. 

I know what Akira is talking about. Once in a while someone turns off the music in my car before I get in and when I realize that it is off it suprises me. I find myself almost in a meditative state when the radio is off. I am more calm and am able to control my feelings more! 

I think that this could work both ways. I think that if you listen to a station that you don't like but doesn't show views that you are strongly against or go totally against your values then this will work. If you just don't like the Dj's or music then that's fine. However if you listen to a station that gets you upset and deals with touchy situations or points then you could get more aggressive on the road and other things that drivers do may upset you more. I think I will have to try this before I give a definite answer. 

 
Mr. Miyoshi brings up a good point.  When we are calm, we tend to be more aware and more in control of what we are doing.  Sometimes when I am listening to music that I don't like, I also tend to become irritated, but then I just change the station until I find a song that I like.  I didn't realize that higher levels of adrenaline make us lose some of our senses.

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Mr. Shintani (G7) wrote: 
I really think that music has an effect on the way a person drives. When I want to drive fast I play a CD that has a powerful or fast beat. My favorite is the Top Gun sound track. If I want to relax while driving I would put in a mellow CD like Kalapana or some type of soft rock. I don't listen to rap so I don't know the effects of listening to this type of music. 

I really think that some music causes bad driving behavior than others. I can see people being more aggressive after listening to heavy metal then to classical music. I has been proven in studies that playing of classical music in malls helps to reduce the amount to violence in metal than to classical music. I has been proven in studies that playing of classical music in malls helps to reduce the amount to violence in these malls. I do this in two ways by mellowing or relaxing people and by staying away from a certain section of the community that causes a lot of the crimes.

 
 
Mr. Shintani brought up a interesting fact.  I never really noticed that the many malls play classical music.  Many of the stores in the mall that I shop at, however, play more upbeat music.  I guess it could be because I shop in the stores aimed at young adults.  I know that Liberty House and JC Penny's play classical music, but stores like Town & Country and the Body Shop play Upbeat music.  Like Mr. Shintani, I also play faster music when I want to drive fast.  I know that I don't need it to speed but it does help me to get into the mood.  I usually don't like to speed, but sometimes, "I just have the need, The need to speed." (Maverick and Goose, Top Gun)
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Web visitor Brian Haimerman wrote by e-mail: (November 1997) 
I want to thank Dr. James & Mr. Shintani for the feedback. At this time I am taking a History of Rock and Roll class and am learning of the effect that rock music has in our psyche. We are basically talking about how we listen to music. The Affective, Cognitive, Psycho-motor, and Transpersonal. It is almost like a psychology class. So far like I said in my last message, music does affect our psycho physical. The loudness and the beat play the biggest part. It has a direct effect on our hearts. Notice why younger people like loud beating music. It is because it causes our heart beats to go faster and our blood pressure to rise. For us it is enjoyable but for older people it is a big no no! The more I learn the more I'll tell you about it! 
 

Mr. Haimerman has a very interesting class!  I didn't know that loud & upbeat music causes our heartbeat and blood pressure to increase.  If it's true, I don't agree with his feelings that this is the reason we enjoy it.  I enjoy music because of the way it makes me feel.  I like to listen to fast paced music as well as slow music.  I don't listen to music because it makes my heart beat faster in fact I don't think that music affects my heart beat unless I'm dancing to it.  Besides, I know a lot of older people who still love to listen to fast paced music and they still love their Rock'n Roll.

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Kristin Evert (G7) wrote: 
After reading the little excerpt about music and driving behavior I really started to think about myself and my own driving. If all of this is right, I should technically be a VERY aggressive, speeding maniac on the road, because when I drive I like my music loud and usually fast paced and "singable" (meaning I can sing along). Although I am no Ms. Perfection, I am more often times getting passed than doing the passing, as I usually try to stay no more than 10 mph over the speed limit. 

On the other hand, however, I could see how slow sappy music could make me sleepy, even if I like the song. Hmmm... 

 

I'm glad that there is someone else out there that can listen to fast and upbeat music without being affected by it.  Loud and upbeat music can help to keep you awake but it doesn't always make people aggressive.  Slow and soft music does have the power to make some people drowsy, but not all people are affected in the same way.

I have a friend that always becomes sleepy when he listens to slow music while driving.  When he is not driving he is not affected by the slow music, but when he is driving he always changes to a station with a fast song playing.  I think that the slow music makes people more relaxed and it might be a learned response.  Many parents used slow music to put their children to sleep and now, even though those children are adults the music has the same affect on them.
 

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Web visitor Mary Ford wrote by e-mail (November 1997): 
After reading your site, I've realized that I've become much more aggressive in my personality as I've gotten older. Is this a normal phenomena? By more aggressive, I mean I speak up and assert myself; and in the car -- well I've never got a ticket, but I do admit, I swear -- not good. I was aware of my tension in the car, so for several years now, I've used a melodious tape to mellow myself out when I'm driving -- Rain Melody, beautiful flute music, Ghandharva Veda music (supposed to bring harmony into the atmosphere). It seems to work for me. 
 

In reaction to Mrs. Ford's question, I feel that it is not normal for a person to become more aggressive as they become older.  I feel that it is just the opposite.  When we age we tend to become more relaxed and more in control of our reactions and to our feelings.  We learn to control our aggressiveness.  I do agree that music has the ability to calm people down.  However, I feel that you must believe that it will, or it won't.
 

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Tami Hshimoto (G7) wrote: 
I just wanted to respond to marshall's message on how music affects my driving. When I'm driving, music makes me relaxed and calm. I feel that when I'm driving in traffic the music that I listen to helps me to feel less anxious and frustrated. I'm able to tolerate more unsafe drivers by letting them get a head of me. Music is an awesome way to relax when I'm driving. 
 

There are many times that I also have been in a situation that I was listening to slow and mellow music and someone did something that would normally get me upset.  It didn't make me upset because, I was already in a happy mood and it didn't really bother me.  I just brush it off and let it go.  I agree with Ms. Hashimoto that, "Music is an awesome way to relax."

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Cris Burlem (G7) wrote: 
I have been in the drivers frustration seat many a time as many of us have. My solution to claming down is actually the opposite. I find that by turning off the radio I am able to relax when I am in an uptight mood to begin with. I find that turning off the radio helps me concentrate on the road and what is going on. It is at these times that I think music actually irritates me?!? 
 

I wonder if Mr. Burlem tried listening to slow music.  Never the less, as you can see, music still affects the way that he drives.  Without music he can relax, therefore, with music he is not relaxed.  Music still affects him, but in an opposite way.  

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Wilfred Lee (G7) wrote last semester: 
I definitely agree that music has a role in how you drive. Fast music, and loud music, makes you more excited, and makes your heart pump faster. In turn making you drive faster. Slow music relaxes you and you get more mellow. If you don't believe it, then ever tried driving really fast with classical music. It just doesn't work. maybe the solution is to make everyone listen to classical music. I did hear an interesting fact, babies in the womb become calm children when mothers listen to classical music. Maybe classical music is our solution???? 

I'm a townie so I consider myself fortunate. I live in Kahala so I drive for 5 minutes and get to school. I often ask my friend that has to drive from Pearl City to get to school by 8 how he does it. He just says he has to deal with it and has accepted it as part of his life. What i did to try to alleviate his road rage is make a tape of his favorite songs. My theory is when he listens to his favorite songs then he doesn't notice the traffic as much, and time passes by more quickly. I sing (sometimes) in the car. That makes the time fly by faster. I also enjoy it and it takes my mind off the congested road. Could this be a possible solution for the commuters to school? 

 

I have tried Mr. Lee's theory and it works!  Like his friend, I also commute everyday to school and home.  I get stuck in the morning traffic everyday and traffic no longer bothers me.  (As long as I know that I am not going to be too late.)  When I listen to songs that I like on my radio I just sit and listen to the music.  It's like I'm no longer in traffic, being stuck in traffic doesn't bother me.  I also sing out loud, sometimes I think the people around must think that I am nuts, but I usually don't care.  I'd rather them think I'm nuts then for me to be pissed off because I'm stuck in traffic.
 

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Does Music Affect Driving Behavior?
To most of us, the way we drive is affected by what type of music is playing in our automobiles.  I believe that there are many factors, in music, that affect the way that we drive.  First of all, there are so many different music types, everything from "classical" to "hard rock."  Next, there is music volume.  Finally, there is music Tempo (speed).
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Music Types
Sure, different types of music can affect different people in different ways.  Many people feel that certain types of music are directly correlated with bad driving.  I do not agree with that.  Blaming music types for bad driving or acts of violence is totally silly!  We are all responsible for our own actions, we can not blame a song for what we do.  Besides, every music type has their range of songs.  Even "heavy metal' bands have their ballads.(slow songs)

This is a sample of the variety of music that people can listen to. (midi)

 
COUNTRY
CLASSICAL
REGGAE
ROCK
ALTERNATIVE
POP
DISCO
OLDIES
HAWAIIAN
FOLK
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Music Volume
I love a good stereo system!  You know the kind that you can hear from a block away.  The effect of music drastically improves when it sounds like you are at a concert but, it can also drastically affect the way you drive.

Sometimes when I am enjoying my own "personal concert," while driving, my attention to the road and traffic decrease.  Sometimes I get so caught up in a song that I start singing and playing the "air guitar" and notice that I am not paying attention to the way I'm driving.  Well, that is one reason, music volume can affect your driving.  Another reason is that, it also can impair the sharpness of your rearview mirror.  When I listen to my stereo at loud volume my rear view mirror vibrates and it is almost impossible to see anything with it.  Your ability to hear an emergency vehicle is also greatly lowered.  There have been many times that an emergency vehicle, with its siren balsting, was nearby and it didn't hear or see them until they were right behind me.

I feel that listening to music at loud volumes can be very hazardous while driving.  Despite the dangers, I love listening to loud music and I still will listen to music at loud volumes when I am driving.

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Music Tempo
I feel that the tempo of music has the most impact or strong influence on the way we drive.  Let me start with a question.  Can you consciously or actively listen to a slow song like, "Memories" by Elvis, and race someone?  It's pretty hard.  Isn't there a strong urge for you to change the station and play something more upbeat?  Changing the music tempo can also be a technique you can use to slow yourself down.  Try this,  next time you find yourself driving recklessly or in a hurry, try to listen to a slow tempo song.  In fact keep a cassette or CD with mellow music on it, just for you to use when you are feel that you are in a rush.
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Past Generations Reports
I have searched through the past generations and I found these reports on Music and Driving to be very interesting.  

Mr. Shitani's  Report: A lot can be learned from Ryan's Report.  He talks about the effect of not listening to music while driving and how music can distract you as a driver. He has a very good conclusion and I think that you'll enjoy his report.

Ms.Naranjo's Report: Czarina had a very organized structure.  However, the table was a little hard to read because of the background.  But other than that her report was excellent!  I especially liked the way that she had separate pages for each topic.

Ms. Lumabao's Report:  Grace had a very nice background.  Grace and I have very similar feelings about music and driving  and so do most of the other students.  She mentions, "Music affects people in many different ways. The presence of music alone may make others more excited, while helping to calm others who would otherwise be nervous or agitated without it. I also believe that different types of music play a strong role in the way we react to it. For some people classical, mellow music is calming. For others, it may not matter whether it's classical or rock." I feel that music affect different people in different ways.  It all depends on the individual how  music will affect them.

Ms. Lau's Report mentions that, "Music is sound and sound is the concept of noise. Many people abused the use of music as an entertainment. Music is for people to enjoy when they are at home or driving in the car. Some people listen to music at such a high frequency and amplitude that it is a disturbance to the driver as well as other drivers."  This was a reaction to a chapter in Rothe's book.

Ms. Hattori's Report also shows similar views on how music can affect different people in different ways.  This is her reaction to Mr. Miyoshi's message. "Rock music enjoyed by some may create that adrenaline rush and cause faster driving. However, that same effect may be created by classical music. Hearing favorite classical music may also elicit a similar rush of excitement. I do think though that music with a faster and desirable beat can initiate faster driving. I feel that music affects all of us in different ways and that it depends on how important music is."  As you can see by everyones reports, music seems to affect all of us in different ways.

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"Beyond Traffic Safety" Rothe
Well, after searching through the book, I couldn't find a chapter involving music and driving.  Like the others from the past generations I also shall put my own little part about music and driving into the book.
 
In chapter 9 "The Speed Ethos," Rothe talks about how technology has induced the social speed.  I feel that Rothe could add in a few paragraphs on how music affects the speed that we drive.  On page 137 he mentions how fast food restaurants like McDonald's are a modern phenomenon concerned with social speed.  He could add a paragraph mentioning that music has also evolved into a faster paced style that affects the way that we drive.  As time goes on music has changed in many ways.  Music of the younger generations have become very fast and energetic.  Cars are bulit to go faster and they also are built with better stereo systems.  Many of the commercials that advertise cars often include someone listening to music and driving.  The music that is played during these commercials are also on the upbeat side.  Somehow along the way, music and fast cars have combined together.  
 
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My Search on ERIC and Uncover
After doing some research on Music and Driving through the use of ERIC and Uncover I discovered some of these interesting topics.

Arnett, J. The Soundtrack of Recklessness: Musical Preferences among Adolescents. Journal of Adolescents Research, 1992, 7, 313-31.

Ballard, Mary E.,Coates, Steven. The Immediate Effects of Homicidal, Suicidal, and Nonviolent Heavy Metal and Rap Songs on the Moods of College Students. Youth & Society; v27 n2 p148-68 Dec 1995.

Edwards, E.D. and Singletary, M.W. Life's Soundtracks: Relationships between Radio Music Subcultures and Listeners' Belief Systems. Southern Speech Communication Journal, 1989, 54, 144-58.

Hansen, Christine Hall; Hansen, Renold D. The Influence of Sex and Violence on the Appeal of Rock Music Videos. Communication Research; v17 n2 p212-34 Apr 1990.

Iversen, Janet. The Effect of Music On The Personal Relevance of Lyrics. Psychology: A Journal of Human Behavior, V26 N2-3 P15-22 1989.

Lehtonen, K. and Shaughnessy, M. Music as a Treatment Channel of Adolescent Destructivity, 1994.

Lewis, Barbara E. Schmidt, Charles P. Listeners' Response to Music as a Function of Personality Type. Journal of Research in Music Education; v39 n4 p311-21 Win 1991.
 

Lester, David; Whipple, Melissa. Music Preference, Depression, Suicidal Preoccupation, and Personality: Comment on Stack and Gundlach's Papers. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior; v26 n1 p68-70 Spr. 1996 .

Lester, D. and Whipple, M. Music Preference, Depression, Suicidal Preoccupation, and Personality: Comment on Stack and Gundlach's Papers. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 1996, 26, 68-70.

Miller, Marilyn A. The Effects of Music Videos on Adolescent Meaning Construction and Attitudes toward Physical Violence as a Method of Conflict Resolution.

Ogata, S. Human EEG responses to classical music and simulated white noise: effects of musical loudness component on consciousness. Perceptual and Motor Skill, June 1995, v80, n3, p770 (12).

Spinney, L. Pump down the volume. (the effect of music on driving) New Scientist, July 19, 1997, v155, n2091, p22 (1).

Took, K.J. and Weiss, D.S. The Relationship between Heavy Metal and Rap Music and Adolescent Turmoil: Real or Artifact? Adolescence, 1994, 29, 613-21.

Wells, Alan; Hakanen, Ernest A. The Emotional Use of Popular Music by Adolescents. Journalism Quarterly; v68 n3 p445-54 Fall 1991; 1991.

Youngjohn, J.R., and Others. Test-Retest Reliability of computerized, Everyday Memory Measures and Traditional Memory Tests. 1991, v90.
 

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Conclusion
In conclusion, what we listen to while we are driving can drastically affect the way that we drive.  Please feel free to try some of the different techniques described in this report.  If you feel that you need to improve on your driving, try listening to different types of music.  You'll be amazed what a change in music could do for you.  I tried it and it made me a better driver.  Music is like a drug, it can influence the way you drive, however, you are in control of the music, your car, and your mind.  Don't let it music control you!

For all of you Students of the future generations, I hope that my report on Music and Driving will help you with your reports.  And if not... I surely hope that my report has changed you in some way and I hope that you will try some of the techniques mentioned and become a better (music listening) driver.  Hopefully, by the time you read this report, more articles and journals will be available for you to use.  Aloha and Mahalo. 

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My Reactions On My Classmates Reports
The other students in my class did an excellent job on their reports.  Mr. Oba's Report was really good.  It was very informative and Ms. Stone-Webb's Report was also very good.  I shall finish my reactions when their reports are completed.
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