TAILGATING BEHAVIOR
Fair or Unfair?
 
 
Instructions for This Report
What Is Tailgating?
 Tailgating Experiences From Past The Generations:
My Own Experience of Tailgating
Is Tailgating Fair Or Ethical?
Is Tailgating Justifiable?
Is Tailgating Spititually Wrong?
Conclusion
Future Generations
Epilogue
 

What Is Tailgating?
The act of Tailgating can be explained in a simple way.  Tailgating occurs when a vehicle is being followed by another vehicle too closely (closer than normal).  Many people have different feelings on how close one has to be to another car to consider it tailgating.  I feel that it is a personal issue.  It all depends on the situation and on an individuals "personal space."  In my view, we all define our own personal space.  This personal space is an invisible barrier that surrounds us.  When someone invades our personal space we tend to become defensive or aggressive.  This also applies to us when we are driving.
 
When we are in our car our "personal space" is extended from ourselves, and is now around our vehicle.  When someone gets too close for comfort and intrudes our personal space by following too closely, we feel violated.

Jae Isa defines what tailgating is.

Legal Implications of Tailgating
"In class tailgating was defined as traveling less than the appropriate stopping distance necessary between two cars. More specifically, one car length for every 10 mph. In our Hawai`i State Driving Manual it is stated that the appropriate distance between cars be no less than two-second intervals. However, if asked to define tailgating, the majority of us would say something to the effect that tailgating is driving extremely close to the car in front. Which ever way you look at it, tailgating is unjustified. Legally, tailgating should not only be more strictly defined but also adamantly enforced to ensure the safety and well-beings of all citizens. I say this because tailgating touches upon several legal issues. First, it increases the probability of accidents which in turn leads to greater liability (to state and government) and law suits. Second, it raises the issue of harassment (to trouble, worry, or torment) because some drivers who are being tailgated may experience fear and anxiety. Lastly, tailgating infringes upon one's privacy because some drivers may feel as if their personal space have been invaded and/or violated. Perhaps if tailgating is considered, treated, and enforced as a serious offense, then maybe our roads would be safer and driving a pleasant, peaceful activity."

A theory in traffic psychology is that tailgating is the attempt to force your will over another driver.  I guess that forcing your will onto another driver can be done by making the other driver feel that they did something wrong and that you are punishing them.

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Here are a few examples of tailgating (forcing your will) from the Past Generations:
 
Ryan Mitsui's Experience:
"I was driving home on the freeway when all of a sudden I see these two bright lights coming up really fast and then at the last second he cuts into the next lane, barely avoiding me. I say to my self, "Ohh you fuckin ass hole!!" and I immediately begin in HOT pursuit. I notice that it is a brand new truck because he still has the factory plates. So I know that he will be worried if anything happens to his car and mine is basically a beach car so I don't really care what happens. I begin to follow REALLY close, and he speeds up to about 75 MPH to try and avoid me, but at this point, I'm so mad! I can feel the adrenaline rushing through me, like when you make a hard turn on a roller coaster."

     "It's actually kinda fun in the sense of the rush and the thrill. So anyway I still don't let up and am tight on is rear like white on bread at 75 MPH. He switches lanes, and I do too, still close as ever, he was not going to go unpunished!! He tries to lightly step on his brake pedal to scare me off and comes even closer to me, but I know that he won't run the risk of braking hard and hitting his brand new truck, so I don't back off, he tries to switch lanes two or three more times, but I'm still there! So finally he gets off at an off ramp and I am tempted to follow, but then I finally come to my senses and realize that all this is stupid and I could really be hurt or even die!"

My Reaction:
Wow, that was a really dangerous experience!  This is not a very uncommon situation though.  I have experienced this type of driving behavior a lot.  We have to realize that many times the other driver does not realize that they are doing this.  However, if they are doing it on purpose, then you might be doing something wrong.  In either situation, it is in your hands, what you do in reaction to what had happened.  We must realize that it we ourselves are making us angry.  It is all within us.  People don't make us mad, we make ourselves mad.  Other people can't control our thoughts and our feelings.  If we learn to control these responses then, and only then, can we control our actions.  It is like Alcoholics Annomonus, you have to realize that you have a problem to solve that problem.

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Mike Silva's
Observation 1
   "On Saturday, April 18, 1998 at 8:30 am, I was traveling west on the H-1 going to Wai'anae for a canoe race.  As I made my way pass the Kunia cut-off I noticed a black Honda civic racing up from behind me.  The driver zoomed by me in the right lane while I was already doing about 65 in the middle lane. I took notice of  the driver's odd behavior because he would fly up to the rear of a car, tail it for awhile, then make his way pass that car and race over to the next car which was usually about 100yds. or so in front of the previous one.  I observed this behavior all the way up to about the Campbell cut of where I lost sight of the Honda.  In the process the Honda must have passed about  4 cars in that short amount of freeway.  When I got to Wai'anae I told a friend what I had witnessed; he said that the driver of the Honda was probably tailing the cars one by one so as to use them as a shield against speed traps.  He went on to say that usually cops clock the speed of the first car in a pack and pull them over first, so the driver of the Honda was probably hanging behind each car long enough to see if the coast was clear down the freeway so he could make his next move to hopefully make his way to the next car without being caught for speeding. Does anyone know if cops really do pull the first car over in a pack? Send me some mail if you do."

My Reactions:
I think that it is true.  A police officer can only tag the person that he had gunned down (Radar or Laser) unless he is witnessed by an officer and paced.  But the police are making their adjustments.  Now the police have gotten smart.  They are starting to set speed traps in succession.  So more than one car can be cited at a time.  The Honda driver was probably doing it  for that reason.  I am shame to admit it, but I have to admit that I have done it a few times too (when I had to get someplace in a hurry.)

Observation 2 

    "My second observation was a compilation of my habits while driving longer routes up to 20 miles and shorter ones as little as 2 miles.  I wanted to see if distance I traveled made a difference on my tailgating behavior.  When making a short trip to the store, about a total trip of 2 miles, I noticed that I didn't tailgate very often but, I did stay within a car length of the driver  in front of me while traveling on the roadway.  When traveling on the freeway however, it was a different story.  If I were stuck in traffic, and on a long journey of 10 miles or more, I would tend to hug the car in front of me to prevent other people from trying to cut in from the left.  Also, when I was in a hurry, headed down the freeway, I would tend to avoid all cars in front of me so I could move at a higher rate of speed.  If I did get caught in a situation where I could not avoid slower cars I would tail them until the way was clear to pass them."

    "All in all, I gathered  that shorter journeys did not have a negative effect on my tailgating behaviors.  It may have been due to the fact that most residential and business roadways are single lanes thus, preventing me from taking advantage of pressuring  the driver in front of me to go faster.  For on the freeway, it is prevalent that tailing someone usually makes them move faster thus, enabling me to intimidate him or her to move as fast as I desire. Also, I noticed my tailgating behavior was really bad on the freeway especially at times of rush hour traffic.  I was usually cranky, impatient and selfish.  I noticed that  If I could gain a few car lengths by tailing one car to prevent the car on the side of me from merging between us, then by all means I was going to get that short yardage no matter how minute (very stupid I don't suggest doing it)."

My Reaction:
I think that most people have similar feelings as Mr. Silva.  I noticed that tailgating is situational.  There are many times when tailgating is more accepted and more tollerable.  Every morning when I am stuck in the morning traffic, I tend to follow the car infront of me more closely than normal.  Like Mr. Silva, I also try to keep other people from cutting in front of me.  I also have a greater tolerance for people tailgating me when I am stuck in traffic.  In fact, I don't consider it tailgating unless they are only a few inches away from my bumper (O.K. less than a foot.)
 

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Joleen Lai's Experience:

"Too Close"
"This topic brings me to my final idea under Traffic Psychology, the closeness of these drivers as they bring their car close to your rear. One day as I was heading up to my friends house towards the Pali Highway, I changed from the middle lane to the right lane so that I wouldn't aggravate anyone that day. As I was about to go off the Pali exit, I looked in my rear-view-mirror and notice a car that I didn't see a few minutes ago, tailgating me, not just close, real close. Guess what gender? It was a female in a white Acura Legend. Instantly, I just slammed on my brakes to let her know that she was too close to my car. Little do I know she followed me even more closely. When I changed lanes, I looked behind to see where I could fit in and there was enough distance between me and the next car, the white Acura wasn't even in the picture. She followed me up into Pacific Heights and it seemed that she was going to follow me to my friends house, so my next instinct was to call my friend to get ready for a fight because she coming that way. As soon as I hanged up, she went off onto Booth Road and I debated whether to turn around and follow her. As I got there, we all waited for a few minutes outside to see if she and her friends would drive up."

My Reaction:
That was almost a road rage story!  There were many times that I have gotten upset because someone was following me to closely.  In the past when someone tailgated me, I used to go more slow and more slow until they tried to pass me.  I also used the blocking in technique to piss the tailgater off even more.  The blocking in technique is when you block another driver behind you by using using the other car(s) that are next to you.  Another thing that I used to do was to pull on my hand break to slow down.  That way the tailgater is not expecting it.  I do not recommend it, you could easily lose control of your vehicle.  I also don't recommend theuse of the other examples.

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Holly Ishikawa's Experience:
Day 1
"I was driving home from school on H1, and was driving in the far left lane, and was following a car that was traveling about 55 mph. Being in the passing lane, I thought he was driving a bit too slow. At first, I was upset at his slow driving, and then I slowly began to feel he was being inconsiderate, and was driving slow on purpose to spite me (that thought made me more upset). I also felt very impatient and found myself to be sighing a lot because I felt disgusted. I also found myself pressing and releasing my gas pedal more because I would speed up to his car and release the gas to back away. I tailgated him for a while, but was able to finally change lanes. The reason why I had to follow him was because I could not change lanes since he was driving slower than the cars in the right lane, and therefore, I could not accelerate enough to change lanes (and that made me feel more anger towards the driver)."
 
 Day 2
"On the second day I did my experiment, I was again driving home on H1, however, this time I was driving my boyfriend's car and not my own. I was again in the far right lane following another driver who was driving too slow. However, this time I chose not to tailgate him because I felt I needed to be a responsible driver since I was not driving my own car. Although I did not tailgate the driver, I still had many negative thoughts, and feelings, but decided not to act upon it. I felt upset at the driver for driving in the passing lane, and felt he should drive in the right lane. This time I did not think he was doing it on purpose since I was not tailgating him, but I did think he was being totally inconsiderate."

My Reaction:
People who drive slow in the left lane, what more can I say?  That was one of the worst things that irrated me when driving.  Most people don't realize that the left lane is a passing lane.  Although, most people do realize that you are supposed to drive faster in the left lane.  I think, many people feel that because they are driving over the speed limit, that they have the right to stay in that lane; even though there are cars behind that want to go faster.  I feel that people have to be informed about the left lane and its purpose. 

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Alan Furukawa's Experience:
"I know that the only time that I tail-gate is when somebody cuts me off while driving. I get so angry that I feel that I have to teach this person a thing or two about driving etiquette. So how do I go about teaching this person a valuable lesson about the wrongs of driving?...........Well?........TAIL-UM OF COURSE! After all we were all taught in math that a negative and a negative equals a positive. Right theory, wrong application."

My Reaction:
That is very funny,  "a negative and a negative equals a positive."  But there is also a saying, "Two wrongs don't make a right."  This is a good example of forcing your will onto others.  Mr. Furukawa tailgates to teach another person a lesson.  I also hate it when people cut me off when I am driving.  I guess, I feel that when I get cut off by a car, I am being threatened.  But it usually is not a threat, some people just don't know how to drive.  And some people think that driving is a like a game, but most of us know that it is not.

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My Own Experience:
Like many of the others from the past generations, I also am a participant in tailgating behaviors.  However, I am in the process of improving myself.  Today (Thursday, December 10th 1998) while I was driving home from UH (University of Hawaii) and a car cut me off.  I was already a little bit pissed off because the guy who cut me off waited till the last minute to get in.  I hate when people try to cut in front of others.  The driver of the car had at least a miles notice that the lane was going to end, yet he still decided to stay in the lane till the last minute.  Well anyway, after he squeezed his way in front of me, he decided to drive slow.  So I got more pissed off because I was in a rush to finish my reports for this class.  Usually I would have tailgated the car to wherever it was going, but I decided that it was about time for me to grow up.

I told myself that I am going to be a better driver and that I won't let minor things bother me.  Through this course and through a Transpersonal Psychology course I learned to control my actions and learned how to to be mindful.  I learned to accept things as they are and to make the best out of every situation.

 
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Is Tailgating fair or ethical?

Nope, Never.  Tailgating is a reflection of how our society  forces our wishes onto others.  Tailgating is a very dangerous driving hazard.  It seems as though that is is the "norm," however, it is not normal to tailgate.  In my opinion Tailgating is a form of road rage and it must be stopped.  We all must work together to make our roads a safer place.  I feel that it is an infringement on the drivers rights to be put under stress from tailgating. We all have pretty much the same feelings when were being tailgated. Tailgaters are an annoyance to us because they are entering our private space and put us in a stressful mood.  Moral correctness and the ethical idea of common courtesy is missing in today's society.  I believe tailgating can be corrected if a driver is aware of their aggressive actions and who respects others and the capability to feel regretful of obvious wrong doing.

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Is Tailgating Justifiable?
In my opinion, definitely not!  Well, maybe sometimes.  (nah, just kidding!).  Tailgating is never justifiable.  Even though there may be an idiot driving in front of you in the left lane and even though they just cut you off, it is still not justifiable.  It does not give you the right to pressure others.  Remember the saying "Do on to others as they do to you." always remember that your desire to put the pressure or take revenge on the idiot who frustrates you could cost you more than just a hot head.
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Spiritually Wrong?
In a spiritual sense, I guess most tailgaters feel that they are never going to get into an accident and that what they are doing is spiritually O.K.  I feel that tailgating is spiritually wrong in a sense that, tailgating is harmful to yourself and to others.  It doesn't make you feel good "spiritually" and it doesn't make anyone else feel good "spiritually."
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Conclusion
In conclusion, would like to express my deepest sympathy to all of the drivers out there who have been a victim of tailgaters.  Tailgating is a problem that will be around for a long time.  Most people know when they are tailgating, but there are a few people that don't.  Education on safe driving is needed.  Many of us who are victims of tailgating do not understand why they are being tailgated.  Most of the time, that we are tailgated, it is because we hurt the person in some way.  Maybe we cut them off too close without knowing or maybe we are driving too slow.  Never the less, I think that we must learn how to control our anger and learn to be a little more forgiving.    
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Future Generations
Howzit! Future Generations.  This report was done back on December 1998!  It probably seems like a long time ago to you, and it probably is.  However, I am pretty sure that the problem of tailgating is still around, and it probably got worse.  What a shame, I guess that the future is in your hands now.  Maybe tailgating and road rage will be solved within your generation!  If not...  At least we gave it a good try!  Good luck with your reports and please try to "drive with aloha!"   
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Epilogue
I have changed a lot during this past semester.  My feelings about myself has changed.  In the beginning of the semester, I was like the average driver and the average person.  I used to get mad at how things were and how people act while driving.  After learning about myself, I soon learned that most problems are created within ourselves.  As I mentioned earlier, only we can control how we feel and how we react.  The problems in our life will only be solved when we learn how to control our feelings.  If everyone could control their feelings, then no one will get angry, and road rage and tailgating would end.  I also recommend that you visit all of Dr. Driving's Links and if you have the chance, enroll in one of his courses.
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Report 2:Tailgating Behavior
Report 3:Web Design Issues
Rothe Chapter 6 Review
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