ICCT
INDEXICAL CONCORDANCE CONTRASTS
TECHNIQUE
FOR THE ?D? SECTIONS OF
THE PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGY,
WILLIAM JAMES, 1897
Diane Nahl
Psychology 705H
Dr. James
1976
JAMES/APA CONTRASTIVE INDICES
TABLE 1:À OVERLAPPING ENTRIES FROM SAMPLE INDICES
TABLE 2:À STATISTICS FOR SAMPLE INDICES
TABLE 3:À TOPIC DOMAIN INDEXICCALLISTS:À
NEW INDEX
TABLE 4:À STATISTICS FOR NEW INDEX
James/APA Contrastive Indices
The James sample index contains
fifty entries under the D?s which, for that index, is a substantial number of
entries, while the APA sample index includes one hundred and seventy-nine
entries under D which is a small number relative to the total index (e.g. much
larger section are the A?s, with nearly four hundred; S; R; etc.). Although the
D section for the APA is small (while for games it is average) it contains 265%
more entries and, only 10% of the APA sample is represented in James, while
31% of the James sample is represented in the APA. This shows divergent pattern
since 90% of the contemporary topics in psychology do not appear in the James
index. A somewhat less divergent pattern is apparent if we note that 69% of
the topics in James have dropped out in the field of psychology.
Categories which emerged across the
two indices are:À Historical/Theoretical
Influences; Physiology; Experimental Psychology; Abnormal
Psychology/Therapeutic Concerns; Sociological Concerns.
Table 3 contains indexical lists by
category of items from the two sample indices; with the exception of five items
from the APA sample (Deer; Dogs; Dolphins; Doves; Ducks) which form a
homogeneous grouping and which did not seem to belong in any of the five
categories. Each APA entry is identified by a capital (A) following it, James
entries are all others.À
The new index for the D?s in Table 3
allows comparisons of the James and APA entries by category, or Topic Domain.
Each Topic Domain reflects divergent of convergent patterns within that
category.
The new index contains two hundred
and twenty-four entries with none duplicate topic entries (c.f. Table 2). Table
4 shows the percentage of each sample index represented per Topic Domain; the
total number of entries per category; and the percentage of items in a
category represented from each sample index. Topic Domain I
Historical/Theoretical Concerns) has twenty-four entries in it. 42% of the
items from the James sample appear here while the percent of the APA sample
appears. This reflects a convergent pattern for this Topic Domain. James
entries make up 87% of the category while APA entries constitute 13%, which
supports the convergent pattern.
Topic Domain II (Physiology) has
ninety-six items with 32% of James represented and 45% of the APA. Both sample indices
have comparable amounts of references in this Topic Domain though 83% of the
entries in the category are from the APA with 17% from James (giving the
appearance that the James index does not have a comparable number of references
in the Topic Domain). There is a marked divergent pattern for this category.
Comparison of the percentage of entries from each index shows topic
fragmentation, and a shift is topic focus from sensory perception and brain
degenerations and functions (James) to central nervous system functions and
degenerations (including the brain); organic bodily functions; and a particular
emphasis on drugs (25 entries for ABA). This fragmentation shows technological
advances and influences in the study of physiology in the field of psychology
since the time of James.
Topic Domain IV (Abnormal
Psychology/Therapeutic Concerns) shows a pattern analogous to that discussed in
Topic Domain II. It is interesting to note that for this category only 4% of
the James index and 9% of the APA are represented though 84% of the entries
(c.f. Table 3) reflect Freud?s influence in the development of personality
theory, abnormal symptoms, diagnosis and treatment, while the two James entries
are; Delusions, insane and Dissociation of one part of the mind from the other.
These two entries mark early references in the topic of abnormal psychology
which are further elaborated in the APA index items for this Topic Domain.
Topic Domain III (Experimental
Psychology) and; V (Sociological Concerns) reflect divergent patterns to
varying degrees as well as topic fragmentation and shifts in topic focus which
can be specified further in analysis of these categories (not discussed here).
Application of the five Topic Domain
categories to other samples of the two indices yield similar groupings (c.f.
Winskowski on the A?s) validating these categories as meaningful and useful in
analysis of the topics for the James and APA indices.
D.ÀÀ Nahl
Table 2
|
INDEX SAMPLES |
JAMES |
APA |
TOTAL |
|
NUMBER OF ENTRIES |
50 |
179 |
229 |
|
NUMBER OF
OVERLAP ENTRIES |
15 |
19 |
34 |
|
PROPORTION
OF |
31% |
10% |
41% |
|
HISTORICAL THEORETICAL DARW IN DARW I NISM DARWINISM (A) DELABARRE DELBOEF DEPTH PSYCHOLOGY (A) DES CART ES DESTUTT DE TRACY DFTERMINISM DEWEY, J. DICHOTOMY IN THINKING DICKENS, C. DIETZ DONALDSON DONDERS DOUGAL, J.D. DROBIS CH DUALISM (A) DUAL ISM DUNFOUR DUNCAN PHYSIOLOGY DARK ADAPTATION (A) DDT (A) DEAF (A) DEAF-MUTE? S THOUGHT DEAFNESS, MENTAL DECARBOXYLASES (A) DECEREBRATION (A) DECOMPRESSION EFFECTS (A) DECORTICATION (A) DEFACATION (A) DEGENERAT IONS DEHYDROGENASES (A) |
DELAYED AUDITORY FEEDBACK (A) DELAYED DEVELOPMENT DELAYED FEEDBACK (A) DELETION (CHROMOSOME) (A) DELIRIUM (A) DELIRIUM TREMENS (A) DELTA RHYTHM (A) DENATURED ALOHOHOL (A) DENDRITES (A) DENTAL SURGURY (A) DENTAL TREATMENT (A) DENTISTRY (A) DENTISTS (A) DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE (A) DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (A) DEPTH DEPTH PERCEPTION (A) DEPRIVATION (A) DERMATITIS (A) DESIPRAMINE (A) DETOXIFICATION (A) DEXTROAMPHETAMINE (A) DIABETES (A) DIABETES INS IPIDUS (A) DIABETES MELLITUS (A) DIAGNOSIS (A) DIALYSIS (A) DIAPHRAGM (A) DIAPHRAGMS (BIRTHCONTROL) (A) DIARRHEA (A) DIASTOLOC PRESSURE (A) DIAZEPAM (A) DIELDRIN (A) DIENCEPHALON (A) |
DIFFUSION OF MOVEMENTS DIGESTION (A) DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS (A) DIHYDROERGOTAMINE (A) DIMENSION, THIRD DIPHENYLHYDANT ION (A) DIPTERA (A) DISTANCE PERCEPTION (A) DIURESIS (A) DIURETICS (A) DIZZ INESS DOPA (A) DOPAMINE (A) DORSAL ROOTS (A) DOUBLE IMAGES DOWNS SYNDROME (A) ÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀ
DRAINAGE OF ONE BRAIN ÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀ ÀCELL BY ANOTHER DROSOPHILIA (A) DRUNKARD DRUNKENESS S DRUG ADDICTION (A) -ADMINISTRATION METHODS (A) -ADVERSE REASCTION (A) -ALLERGIES (A) -DEPENDENCY (A) -DOSAGE (A) -EFFECTS. (A) -INDUCED CONGENITAL DISORDERS (A) -INDUCED HALLUCINATIONS (A) -POTENTIATION -SENSITIVITY -SYNERGISM (A) -TOLERANCE (A) -WITHDRAWAL (A) -WITHDRAWAL EFFECTS (A) |
|
-DRUGS (A) DUALITY, OF BRAIN DURATION (TIME-PERCEPTION, ÀÀÀÀ OUR ESTIMATE
OF SHORT) DYNAMOGENY DYSARTHRIA (A) DYSKINESIA (A) DYSLEXIA (A) DYSMENORRHEA (A) DYSMORPHOPHOBIA (A) DYSPAREUNIA (A) DYSPHONIA (A) DYSPNEA (A) EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY DATA, THE, OF PSYCHOLOGY DATA PROCESSING (A) DEPENDENT VARIABLES (A) DIFFERENCE, NOT RE SOLVABLE INTO COMPOSITION NOTICED MOST BETWEEN SPECIES OF GENUS: THE MAGNITUDE OF:
LEAST DISCERNABLE: METHODS DIFFERENCE, LOCAL: GENESIS OF OUR PERCEPTION OF. DIFFERENTIAL APTITUDE TESTS (A) -DIAGNOSIS (A) -PERSONALITY INVENTORY (A) -REINFORCEMENT (A) DIFFICULTY LEVEL (TEST) DIGIT SPAN TESTING (A) |
DIGITAL COMPUTERS (A) DISCRIMINATION (A) DISCRIMINATION, CONDITIONS WHICH FAVOR IT; IMPROVES BY
PRACTICE; SPATIAL. DISSOCIATION, LAW OF; BY VARYING CONCOMITANTS DISSOCIATION OF ONE PART OF THE MIND FROM ANOTHER. DISTANCE, BETWEEN TERMS OF A SERIES. DISTANCE IN SPACE, see third dimension distraction. DOUBLE BIND INTERACTION (A) ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY/ THERAPEUTIC CONCERNS DISTANCE, BETWEEN TERMS OF A SERIES. DISTANCE IN SPACE, see third dimension distraction. DOUBLE BIND INTERACTION (A) DANCE THERAPY (A) DEFENSE MECHANISMS (A) DEFENSIVENESS (A) DELUSIONS
(A) DELUSIONS, INSANE DENIAL (A) ÀDEPENDENCY
(PERSONALITY) (A) DEPRESSION
(EMOTION) (A) DIPSOMANIA DISAPPOINTMENT (A) DISPLACEMENT (DEFENSE MECHANISM) (A) DISSATISFACTION (A) DISSOCIATIVE NEUROSIS DISSOCIATIVE PATTERNS DISTRESS (A) DREAM ANALYSIS (A) DREAM CONTENT (A) |
DREAM RECALL (A) SOCIOLOGICAL CONCERNS DANCE (A) DAUGHTERS (A) DAY CARE CENTERS (A) DAYDREAMING (A) DEATH AND DYING (A) DEATH ATTITUDES (A) DEATH RITES (A) DECEPTION (A) DECISION, FIVE TYPES OF DECISION MAKING (A) DEMOCRACY (A) DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS (A DENTAL STUDENTS (A) DEPARTMENTALIZED TEACHING METHOD (A) DEPERSONALIZATION (A) DESCRIBING PERSONALITY TEST (A) DEVELOPMENT/DEVELOPMENTAL AGE GROUPS -DIFFERENCES (A) -PSYCHOLOGY (A) -STAGES (A) DIALECT (A) DIALECTICS (A) DICTIONARY (A) DIPLOMACY (FOREIGN POLICY) (A) DIRECTED DISCUSSION METHOD (A) DISADVANTAGED (A) DISASTERS (A) DISBELIEF DISCOVERY TEACHING METHOD (A) DISHONESTY (A) DISORDERS (A) DISPLAYS (A) DISTRACTIBILITY (A) DISTRIBUTED PRACTICE (A) DIVERGENT
THINKING (A) |
|
DIVIDED ATTENTION (A) DIVORCE (A) DIVORCED PERSONS (A) DOLL PLAY (A) DOMESTIC SERVICE PERSONNEL (A) DOMINANCE HIERARCHY (A) DOMINANCE/ (A) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC (A) DORMITORIES (A) DOUBT (A) DOUBT, THE MANIA OF DREAMSES (A) DRAMA (A) DRAWING (A) DREAMS DREAMING (A) DRIVER EDUCATION (A) DRIVERS (A) DRIVING BEHAVIOR (A) DROPOUTS (A) DRUG ABUSE (A) -EDUCATION (A) -LAWS (A) -REHABILITATION (A) -THERAPY (A) -USAGE (A) -USAGE ATTITUDES (A) DYADS (A) |
|
|
TABLE 4
|
|
TOPIC DOMAIN ÀI HISTORICAL/ THEORETICAL CONCERNS |
TOPIC DOMAIN II PHYSIOLOGY |
TOPIC DOMAIN III EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY |
TOPIC DOMAIN IV ABNORMAL PSY. THERAPEUTIC CONCERNS |
TOPIC DOMAIN V SOCIOLOGICAL CONCERNS |
|
PRESENTED PERCENT OF JAMES SAMPLE |
42% |
32% |
14% |
4% |
14% |
|
REPRESENTED PERCENT OF APA SAMPLE |
2% |
45% |
6% |
9% |
34% |
|
PERCENT OF APA REPRESENTED PER CATEGORY |
13% |
83% |
61% |
84% |
90% |
|
PERCENT OF JAMES REPRESENTED PER CATEGORY |
87% |
17% |
39% |
16% |