Talking is a medium for relationship. Relationship is a characteristic of
the species. People enter in ordinary relationships with members of the
species and with members of other species that have been "domesticated" by the
race. Relationship outside these two categories (e.g. with aliens, spirits,
ghosts, God, etc.) are usually classified as "non-ordinary" or "extra-ordinary".
2
The basic conceptual unit of relationship is the dyad. In our
culture, and related cultures, conversation forms a prominent medium for the
relationship dynamics of the dyad. Transactional norms govern the ritualized
procedures involved in the dyad's successful accomplishment involved in "having
a conversation".
Linguists and philosophers and etc. have long debated on "the meaning of
meaning." From the point of view of a radically objective ethnomethodology,
verbal displays in the form of utterances (as well as other displays) have no
meaning other than their transactional significance.
2
Conversation and discourse are sanctioned procedures for topicalyzing
Topicalyzing involves the formulation of accounts in the form of verbalized
utterances. There utterances serve as displays for transactional face work. The
transactional significance of displays is determined by participant's ratified
agreement as to their definition the ratification work being accomplished in
the exchange. And the conversation moves from exchange to exchange.
Consider the various kinds of accounts participants can give to the
request, "Why did you do that?" (e.g. because my boyfriend wouldn't talk to me
because I went out with another fellow because I think it's good for a girl to .... because..... , etc.).
2
An account is a basic feature of a transactional move. In other words,
there are no displays that are transactional moves that do not have this
feature. A nod of the head defined by participants as Giving Assent is a
transactional move that contains the claim "I am giving my assent." It is the
claim that constitutes the account in the move.
3
Verbal utterances are displays that serve as transactional moves. The topic of the utterance serves as the medium for making face claims. An account is
a set of face claims given in utterances.
Look here, now. None of your academic desocs ethnomethodological
confabulations this time. I'm beginning to feel like a character in Dr. Seuss!
....!?*~***** (Oh! No offense meant to Dr. Seuss. I love him! But
this...??!? Who needs it.)
3
O.K O.K. We know it's a helluva feeling to be
prancing around in s wind tunnel. We're doing our best to fix the machinery. Honest. It's gonna be better in a while. Promise. Really. O.K.?
Accounts may be structurally simple, as in the case of a nod of the head,
or complex, as in the case of "A History of the English Speaking
People."
2
Encyclopaedias and informational archives are organized accounts of Reality presented in the academic register. Scientific and religious writings or teachings are accounts that get reformulated according to established
procedures within each sub-culture.
3
All formulationss of reality are accounts: e.g. That there is an ultimate
reality and man can "describe" it or parts of it, that there is no "ultimate
reality", but only various formulations claiming to represent "it", etc.
4
Therefore from the point of view of a radical objectivity,
Reality is the accounts.
The existence of a Reality other than the accounts that treat it as a
topic, is a speculation, from the point of view of radical objectivity.
Therefore, accounts have no "meaning" other than their transactional significance as indicated by the face claims they contain.
2
That utterances have "meaning" is a face claim within sanctioned
accounts formulated by linguists, philosophers, and etc. Elaborations of this
claim, have been formulated in accounts appearing in their writings and
teachings. These elaboration include further claims such as the claim that
people "communicate" when they talk, and collateral claims involving "the
exchange of ideas" and "the expression of feelings."
3
However, from the point of view of a radical and objective ethno-methodology, accounts, no matter how involved, areaccounts, and
therefore, the claim that utterances have "meaning" is a claim,
and is to be treated as other topics, not as "something special," or "real" or
anything else.
0
EXAMPLES OF SUBJECTIFYING AND OBJECTIFYING ASSERTIONS
(4) The rat's fear response is due to shock conditioning.
(5) The bridge will collapse with that load.
2
Examples of Objectifying Assertions:
(1) I am claiming that you are angry with me.
(2) Using this textbook's logival steps of inferencing, I derive the
distance of the Sun as 1/10,000 of a light year.
(3) Doctors claim that medical research proves that the common cold is
caused by a virus.
(4) In the logic of experimental psychology, what the rat is now doing is
displaying "fear response" which is operationally derived from a "conditioning"
procedure.
(5) According to engineering formulations, this bridge is predicted to
collapse with this much of a load.
0
SUBJECTIFYING AND OBJECTIFYING ASSERTIONS; EDUCATION
Education is a process whereby those being educated acquire the skills
necessary to topicalize in the academic register of the educated class. In this
register, properly formulated accounts use subiectifying assertions,i.e. statements based on a cause - effect logic, time-bound
and space-bound, according to culturalized versions of scientific common sense.
2
In the radically objective register, accounts use objectifyingassertions, i.e. statements based on the radical logic of the hereand-
now, according to objective observation and analysis deriving out of the sanctioned
practices of participants in their transactions .
3
Subjectifying and objectifying assertions belong to radically
different registers.
Consider the subjectifying, "I did it because I was angry." When displayed
as a transactional move in a conversation, it is an account that contains three
face claims: (a) I hereby claim that I did it; (b) I hereby claim that I was
angry then; (c) I hereby claim that I believe the cause of my action to be my
anger.
2
The utterance "I did it because I was angry" means "I did it because
I was angry" and nothing else. It has transactional significance when it is
displayed in a conversational exchange, but has no "meaning" beyond itself.
"Meaning" is, thus, an empty notion, objectively examined.
3
Utterances, like all displays, have a function that is related to their
transactional significance in the exchange, but they have no "meaning."