My Resistance To Flossing Properly: Why I Know I Should Floss Regularly, But Still Don't

Table of Contents
Introduction
Library Research
Getting Started
Why I Don't Floss
Why I Should Floss
Observations
Summary of My Behavior Observation
Research

Method of Dental Flossing
Dental Caries
Insights into Flossing
Self Examination
Strategies For Change
Evaluation
Summary
Afterthought
Glossary
Method of Dental Flossing
Dental Caries
Insights into Flossing
Self Examination
References

Introduction

The topic I decided to do my term paper on for Social Psychology is My Resistance to Flossing. We had a choice of doing either this or Resistance to Driving. Since I do not have a license and consequently, do not drive, I figure it would be pretty difficult to write a term paper on driving. Anyway, I know I have a bad habit of not brushing right and not flossing so this topic can only be beneficial to me. My dentist keeps telling me to floss my teeth every night but somehow I never listen. Maybe this paper will eventually inspire me to floss regularly and properly.

MY Library Research

I kept telling myself that I had to go to the library to look for information, but somehow, I always found something else better to do. So the weeks went by and still I had nothing to work with on flossing. I am struggling in my other classes and that combined with work and my involvement in a Marketing Fraternity left me little time to even visit the library. Finally I decided that it was either do or die so I went to Hamilton Library to try to find some useful books either on Dental Hygiene or on Social Psychological Behavior. I remembered looking up some sociology books for another class once before so I decided to check there first. I went to the HN section and found several good books on behaviors and social learning and change. I picked out a couple good ones which I thought would apply to my topic. Then I had to look for some books on oral hygiene and dentistry. Since I have a hard time understanding how the OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) works and got very confused when I tried to use it an earlier time, I decided to look in the card catalog first. I found books on dentistry and hygiene in the RK section located on the third floor. I think quite a few people are doing their paper on flossing because there weren't too many books that pertained to my topic. Still, I managed to find two good books which I found both helpful and not too difficult to read.
After all this searching I was really exhausted and I had to go to class anyway so I decided to stick with what I had for now and check at home to see 1f I had any books that might be helpful. I dug up my books from previous Psychology classes, my Sociology book and also my Interpersonal relations book. At last I seemed to have a substantial amount of resources to complete my necessary research.

Getting Started

To start off I first tried to think of all the reasons why I did not like to floss. I then came up with reasons why I should floss. Here are the two lists...

Why I Don't Floss

I am lazy.
I am not in the mood.
Sometimes it hurts when I do it.
There's no more floss left.
It takes too much time.
I don't enjoy doing lt.
It is difficult for me to do properly.

Why I should floss

My dentist told me too.
I should take care of my teeth since I spent so much
money on braces to make them look good.
It will take away plaque build up.
It will prevent gum disease.
It will keep my breath fresher.
It will preserve my teeth so they don't fall out when I'm older.
It will improve my smile.
It will make me feel better about myself.
It will allow me to eat more with out too much worry.

After compiling these two lists I decided on the best way to monitor my behavior towards flossing. I decided to conduct an experiment in which I would change my behavior for one week. I decided that for one week between October 19 through October 24 I would floss every night before brushing my teeth. This was a good time since we just bought some Halloween candy and I had been eating alot of it. Trying to floss this week will cut down on the chances of me getting cavities. I also hoped that by some miracle I would pick up the habit and continue to floss nightly going into the holidays. I decided that I would reward myself with a candy if I flossed the night before and punish myself by not eating any candy the next day if I failed to floss my teeth the night before. The independent variable in this experiment would be my mood, and the dependent variable was whether or not I flossed my teeth. My hypothesis was that If I was 1n a good mood and felt relaxed, then I would floss my teeth, otherwise I would probably skip lt.

October 19, 1987
Today starts my week of observation. Pretty soon I am going to brush my teeth and I know I have to floss yet. Oh boy, I guess I better get it over with even though I really don't feel like it. Well, I just got through with flossing and brushing my teeth. Now I get to eat a candy tomorrow. I can't believe how long it took me to floss getting frustrated. But since this is just my first time I decided to not give up until I did my entire mouth. My gums are hurting now and they are still a little tender. They started bleeding and the taste of blood was making me sick.I felt even sicker when I had to brush my teeth and there was blood all in my mouth. I don't know if I can go through with this for the whole week. Not only is it going to take me forever, but it is also causing me much pain and discomfort. Right now my attitude towards flossing is rather negative.

October 20, 1987
I just finished brushing my teeth and I didn't floss. Actually, I started to do the front teeth, but then I just gave up. I had a really hard day and I just want to go to bed. I didn't feel like taking up all that time just to floss my teeth. Now I feel guilty because I did not floss my teeth, but I'm just too exhausted to care. I guess I won't eat any candy tomorrow. I don't know if I can handle not eating candy for a day. I know, I should of thought of this before I brushed my teeth. I can still go back and floss it anyway but I might as well just wait until tomorrow. I know I am just making up excuses for my not flossing but that's okay, I still have the rest of the week. This experiment with flossing seems to only be causing me anxiety and pain. I already have so much stress in my life and now I have to deal with flossing too.

October 21, 1987
Hurray, I remembered to floss and this time it didn't take me as long either. My gums still bleed, which 1 think is utterly gross, especially when I have to brush my teeth after. I feel really good about myself though. One of the reasons I made it a point to floss was that I died today not eating any candy. So many times I found myself reaching for a snack at work then I had to stop myself because I'm being punished for not flossing last night. I'm surprised that I spent the time to floss tonight considering what time it is, it's now 12:30 a.m. I've been at school till 5:30 p.m. and then I was at Junior Achievement until 9:30 p.m. So now I'm really proud of myself for flossing even though I am extremely tired.

October 22, 1987
I remembered to floss again tonight. After being able to eat candy today I wanted to make sure I didn't miss eating it tomorrow. I still think that it takes up too much time but at least I'm helping myself to keep my mouth in healthy shape. My gums still bleed a liitle, but I'm not as bothered by the blood anymore either. I guess I'm getting used to the feeling of flossing my teeth. After brushing my teeth I feel like my whole mouth is fresher and cleaner. Maybe if I get good at flossing every night I can begin to floss after every meal. Oh no, I think I'm beginning to dream. After just two days of flossing I think I can floss all the time, even after every meal. Who am I kidding don't really enjoy doing this. In fact, I'm probably only flossing because I can't eat candy if I don't. I think it's just because I'm in a good mood today. This will be the first night that I will get a good nights rest and that I didn't have anything stressful happen to me today. I hope tomorrow goes just as good so that I will be inspired to floss my teeth again.

October 24, 1987
Last night I didn't floss my teeth, but I think I have a valid reason. Or is there such a thing as a valid reason for not flossing??? My friends called me to go out on Friday night and we didn't get home till 3:00 a.m. Naturally, I was so tired and sleepy that I just brushed my teeth really fast and went to bed. When I woke up this morning I remembered that I didn't floss the night before and felt bad. But there's no way I would've taken the time to floss my teeth at 4:30 a.m. in the morning. That was the very last thing on my mind when I got home this morning. In fact, I don't even feel bad anymore, even though I can't eat any candy today.

October 25, 1987
Last night was the final night of my observation period. Of course I remembered to floss my teeth. I was in a pretty average mood so I guess I just flossed for the heck of it. Probably because it was the last day and I wanted to give it my all. I took extra care in flossing my entire mouth, and I really tried to do it carefully so that my gums wouldn't bleed too much. Now I feel pretty happy with myself for flossing last night and doing the best job I ever did. I hope I can continue to floss my teeth every night, or shall I say almost every night.

Summary of My Behavior Observations

Affective Data

"I'm feeling really tired tonight"
"I'm happy with myself"
"I hope to floss regularly"
"I feel very frustrated with myself"
"My goal is to floss every night before brushing"
"I'm not in a good mood today"

Cognitive Data

"I'm too tired to floss"
"I really don't have time now"
"It's so late already"
"I probably flossed just so I could eat candy tomorrow"
"I know this is only for my own good"

Sensory Motor Data

"I hate the taste of blood"
"Brushing my teeth with blood made me sick"
"It's taking me long because it's difficult"
"I didn't take as long tonight"
"I didn't see as much blood tonight"
"My mouth is sore and sensitive"

These are just a sample of some of the thoughts that
went through my mind during, before, or after flossing. I
tried to categorize them into the three categories of beha-
vior, Affective, Cognitive, and Sensory Motor, so that I can
better understand them.

Research

This part of my paper will include research that I
found in my books about dental health or changing my behavior my flossing.

Method of Dental Flossing

According to dental experts, if dental floss is skillfully and frequently used, the approximal surfaces may be kept quite free from dental caries, i.e. plaque. To insert floss through the contact area, hold a 12" strand between thumbs and forefingers, with digits about 1" apart, then press the strand against the facial aspect of the contact and gently pull floss toward lingual surfaces. As soon as the floss clears contact, release tension of grasp, then adapt the strand to work floss apical along the tooth surface until the depth of the sulcus is reached, then back
Several precautions must be observed to avoid lacerating soft tissue: use a short grasp to maintain control as floss is activated; do not "snap" floss through the contact and onto the interdental papilla; avoid pulling strand against interdental papilla as strand is moved from one proximal surface to the other.(Steele, 1966, P.112)

Dental Caries

Dental caries, or as more commonly known, tooth decay, is a disease which is practically universal in distribution. Dental carles always has its inception upon the external or exposed surface of a tooth; it never arises from within the tooth. Dr. W. D. Mlller found that the destruction of the hard structures of the tooth by dental accomplished through the agency of a certain class of microorganisms which had the characteristic function of fermenting certain of the sugars and converting these sugars into lactic acid, which acid in its turn attacked the solid structure wherever it came into contact with it, dissolving out its mineral matter which caused the structure to disintegrate (Formir 1984, P.200)
Dr. Mlller's research also confirms that dental caries can be, and is, due to decomposition of carbohydrate food particles in unclean mouths, from which we have drawn the conclusion that tooth decay is a filth disease, that if proper care as to oral hygiene is instituted and maintained dental caries may be eradicated. Oral hygiene alone cannot wholly prevent it, but it can undoubtedly greatly diminish
its ravages.(Fones, 1984, P.212)

Insights into Flossing

After learning about proper flossing and dental caries I can see how important it is to floss my teeth regularly. It `s a great factor in preventing my teeth from decaying. As I child I had a number of cavities filled. Maybe if I had taken better care of my teeth back then I wouldn't have had to endure such pain. Studies have shown me that flossing my teeth will reduce my risk of dental caries and gum disease, and yet I still am reluctant to floss every night. This must be do to my personal situation and behaviors. So now I will explore more into the sociological aspects as to why I don't floss and how I can change.

Self Examination

The development of an active and transactional conception a foundation for the study of perception and learning. The self can be considered a system that strives for stability although undergoing change, maintaining balance while experiencing tension. The contemplation of serious change in lifestyle, or the need to reconceptualize one's understanding of past or present reality can be sources of inner dissonance.(Goldstein,1981, P. 111)
Thus, I must balance my present -self with what I hope to become, which is someone who takes care of her dental health. I am striving to bring consistency to my self concept, but it is very difficult. I look back on my past and realize that my cavities were probably due to my improper brushing as a child and my failure to floss my teeth. I feel guilty for not flossing my teeth, and yet my lifestyle does not leave me time to begin flossing regularly.
Also, since I know that I do not like to floss and probably won't stick to a flossing schedule, I naturally act that way and my behaviors dictate my actions. This is like a self fufilling prophecy on myself in which I tell myself that I don't like to floss and so naturally I react negatively to it when I actually try to floss.
Not too long after- my observation period when I tried to floss every night, Dr. Jacobovits talked about stress and coping. Recently I have been under alot of stress from work and school and so maybe it was rubbing off into my personal behaviors. All the stress I was experiencing lead me to feel depressed about myself be cause I was not coping properly. According to Bandura's Self efficacy theory, If I think I cannot cope, I may avoid a situation or suffer emotional stress, and vice versa. He believes that "Simply believing will allow you to cope." Possibly, since I believed that I couldn't floss right and would not enjoy it, I consequently did not like it. Then I may start feeling guilty because I did not floss and had such a hard day that I'll begin to be more in a bad mood and will in turn not want to deal with the
cycle.

Strategies For Change

While viewing a former students paper I came across a book she used in her attempts to eliminate procrastination from her life. The book was entitled Doing It Now: A Twelve-Step Program For Curing Procrastination and Achieving Your Goals. by Edwin C. Bliss. Although My flossing has nothing really to do with procrastination, it is a goal of mine to start flossing regularly so his information is still helpful and adaptable to my situation. In his book, the author outlines twelve steps to achieve your goals and they
are as follows:

Step 1: Attitude Adjustments
Step 2: Develop a Game Plan
Step 3: Overcome Fear of Failure
Step 4: Overcome Fear of Success
Step 5: Raise Your Energy Level
Step 6: Get Tough With Yourself
Step 7: Establish an Action Environment
Step 8: Use the Reinforcement Principle
Step 9: Consider Deliberate Delay
Step 10: Manage Your Time
Step 11: Use Visible Reminders
Step 12: Learn to Deal With the Top 40 Cop-outs

After reviewing these twelve steps I can see how most of them can apply to my flossing attempts. I also see that I can not expect miracles over night. I must work at my actions and try to modify my behavior slowly. Then maybe in time I will be able to boast that I floss my teeth every night. In the meantime I will continue to strive for my goal keeping in mind these helpful hints and also the great fear of getting more cavities or gum disease.

Evaluation

In concluding this paper I would like to reflect upon the various things I discovered. First of all, most of my hypothesis was right. I found that if I was in a good mood I did feel better about flossing. And if I had a bad day I didn't really want to floss. But other factors also contributed to my flossing and not flossing. If I wanted to eat candy I had to floss the night before which I was encouraged to do. Also, if I didn't have the time because I got home late, then chances are I wouldn't floss my teeth. It was painful at first to floss my teeth, probably because my gums are sensitive and they are not used to being flossed. But reflecting back on my childhood and all the cavities I had makes me think more about my current lifestyle and how I should incorporate flossing into my routine. After reading about dental caries and gum disease, I am convinced that flossing nightly will greatly reduce my chances of getting any of these things. I know it takes time to change a behavior, but with patience and dedication it can be done.

Summary

Looking back on this entire experiment and paper, I can see that I not only learned a lot about flossing, but I also learned a lot about myself. Besides learning that flossing my teeth every night is proper dental practice, I found that just maintaining my health is an important factor that I often overlook. It seems as though we take for granted things like our health and we do very little to protect it. I can see this not only in my aversion to flossing, but in my lack of committed exercise and health eating habits. I spend many late nights studying and consuming junk food, not giving my health a second thought.
I also learned that it is never wise to procrastinate. When you have a big project, such as this paper to do, it is very harmful to not only your studies, but to your health also if you procrastinate. I found that I am not a good manager of my time and that I must work on it so that I will not get so stressed in the future.
One other thing that I discovered, is how helpful the library and the librarians are. Before this semester, I rarely used the library except maybe to stay for a test or meet my friends and socialize. Now I realize what an abundance of information is available for me at both Hamilton and Sinclair Library. I know now how to use most of the library system much better now, including the help of the reference librarians.
Therefore, this paper and this class was a great lesson to me. It taught me to be more aware of my health and to not take it for granted. It also taught me about my time management skills and how to make the library work for me. I don't know if any of this will change me instantly, but it
will surely help me in the long run.

Afterthought

I decided to add this afterthought because of the changes that took place since I did my experiment. For one thing I have become even more busy as it is nearing final exam week and have been under a lot of stress. Thus, I have not flossed my teeth once since the experiment. This makes me very sad thinking about it because I went through so much trouble to try and change my habit and so far it hasn't worked yet. On top of that, I have been eating a great deal more candy and now my teeth is beginning to hurt in certain areas. I will have to go to the dentist during vacation to check if I have any cavities.
I guess I was right in summarizing that we all seem to take our health for granted. We never do things until it is too late. But habits and attitudes are something that cannot be altered overnight. It takes time and patience. I know if I work at it little by little, day by day, one day I will begin to floss regularly and enjoy it. But for now I will remain just dreaming about a time in the future 1n which I
can proudly tell my dentist, "Yes, I floss my teeth every night."

Glossary

Anxiety
- Severe nervousness, tension, apprehension.

Attitude
- A general feeling or evaluation, positive or negative,
about some person, object, or issue.

Behavior
- How we act, think, feel, both internal and external.

Affective
- Having to do with feelings, emotions, arousal, etc.

Cognitive
- Having to do with the mind, thinking, knowledge, etc.

Sensory Motor
- Having to do with the body, action, movement, etc.

Coping
- The way people attempt to deal with stress either by
trying to reduce the emotional distress or by solving the
problem.

Depression
- Lowered mood, sadness, sometimes accompanied by a slowing
down of activity, loss of appetite, and deep feelings of
despondency.

Dependent variable
- Observed response of the subject which may be affected by
the IV in an experiment.

Exacerbation Cycle
- A vicious circle in which people attribute their
undesirable behavior to their negative qualities, and then
these attributions produce feelings such as anxiety that make worse the undesirable behavior.

experiment
- A research approach in which the experimenter carries some
part of the subjects' experience to observe the effect this
has on their behavior.

Hypothesis
- The predicted explanation for the outcome of an
experiment; the explanation the researcher thinks best
accounts for the relationship between two or more events.

independent Variable
- The factor that is deliberately varied or manipulated by
the experimenter in an experiment.

Observations
- The recording of data or the systematic gathering of data
by observing the subject.

Research
- The systematic process of gathering data in order to
discover or revise facts and theories.

Self
- A persons body, mind, attitudes, etc. both internal and
external.

self-concept
- How a person sees himself and his attitudes and opinions
about his capabilities and characteristics.

Self-efficacy
- In Bandura's theory, a personal judgment about one's

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
- A belief that a particular event will occur, leading the
person to act in a way that causes the event to occur.

Social Psychology
- The scientific study of how thoughts, feelings, and
behaviors of individuals are influenced by the actual,
imagined, or implied presence of other people.

Stress
- Condition that occurs when environmental or psychological
events, called stressors, threaten an organism's safety or
well-being.

Note Page

Steele, Pauline F. Dimensions of Dental Hygiene.
Lea & Febieger, 1966, P. 112.

Fones, Alfred C. D.D.S Mouth Hygiene. Lea &
Febiger, 1934, P. 200.

Fones. P. 212.

Coldstein. Social Examine and Change: A Cognitive
Approach to Human Services. University of Southern
California Press, 1981, P. 111.

References

Bliss, Edwin C. Doing It Now: _ Twelve-step Program for
Curing Procrastination and Achieving Your Goals. New
York: Scribner, 1983.

The author presents a twelve step plan to get rid of
your procrastination.

Fones, Alfred C. D.D.S. Mouth hygiene. Philadelphia: Lea
Febiger, 1984.

This book is an informative reference on basic oral
hygiene skills and practices for dental students and
practitioners.

Goldstein, Howard. Social Learning and Change: _A Cognitive
Approach to Human Services. Columbia: University of
Southern California Press, 1981.

This is a Social Psychology book dealing with deviant
behaviors and how to control and change them.

Steele, Pauline F. Dimensions of Dental Hygiene.
Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1966.

This is also an informative reference on the practices
of dentistry and oral hygiene. It in-cludes pictures and
procedures to follow in caring for patience and determining
various dental factors.

Watson, David L. Social psychology: Science and
Application. Glenvlew, Illinois: Scott, Foresman and
Company, 1984.

This is a relatively interesting and understandable book
dealing with people interaction, including experiments, life
situations, and other psychology concepts.


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