A Man of the Field

Forming The New Church Mind In Todayís World

 

 

Volume 1: Reformation

The Struggle Against Nonduality

 

Volume 2: Enlightenment

The Spiritual Sense of the Writings

 

Volume 3: Regeneration

Spiritual Disciplines For Daily Life

 

Volume 4: Uses

The New Church Mind In Old Age

 

By Leon James

October 2002

(draft 16a)

 

Author information appears at the end. This document is in the process of being revised. Please note the draft version marked on top. To print this document, see Printing Note at the end.

 

 

A ìfieldî means doctrine (AC 368)

A "man" signifies faith and truth (AC 427; 4823)

Because 'field' means doctrine anyone receiving any seed of faith, whether the individual, the Church, or the world, is called a field. (AC 368)

 

 

Volume 2

Enlightenment:

Extracting The Spiritual Sense of the Writings

 

 

Chapter 2

The Substitution Technique

 

Table of Contents

 

 

Access other Chapters and Volumes here: 2

Chapter 2. 3

The Substitution Technique. 3

1. Introduction. 3

2. OT And NT Through The Perspective Of The Writings. 7

3. The Daily Study Of The Writings Is Necessary For Regeneration. 8

4. Without The Spiritual Sense We Fall Into New Church Idolatries. 11

5. The Substitution Technique For Dualities In The Writings. 13

6. Will And Understanding. 14

7. Cross/Parallels And Within-Parallels. 19

8. Reading The Writings As The Word. 20

9. Rational Understanding Of Spiritual Things. 23

10. Enhancing The Base Of Knowledge About The Writings. 25

11. The Letter Of The Writings Has Been Preserved. 27

12. An Example Of Spiritual Mathematics In The Writings. 29

End Notes and References. 35

Acknowledgment 45

About the Author. 45

Titles for the Abbreviated Citations in the Book. 45

Full Text Free Online Access to All Swedenborgís Writings: 46

Volume 4. 47

Uses: The Innocence of Old Age. 47

 

Access other Chapters and Volumes here:

 

Ýwww.soc.hawaii.edu/leonj/nonduality.html

 

Every spiritual truth in the Writings
is a Divine Commandment

 


 

Chapter 2

The Substitution Technique

 

1. Introduction

 

XII. ENLIGHTENMENT BY MEANS OF THE WORD.

Every man who is in the spiritual affection of truth, that is, who loves truth itself because it is truth, is enlightened by the Lord when he reads the Word; but not the man who reads it from mere natural affection of truth, which is called the desire of knowing. The latter does not see anything except what agrees with his love, or with the principles which he has either himself adopted, or derived from others by hearing or reading.

 

In a few words therefore it shall be told whence and with what man there is enlightenment by means of the Word. That man has enlightenment who shuns evils because they are sins, and because they are against the Lord, and against His Divine laws. With this man and with no other, the spiritual mind is opened, and so far as it is opened, the light of heaven enters, from which light is all enlightenment in the Word.

 

For man then has a will for good, and this will, when it is determined to that use, becomes in the understanding first the affection of truth, then the perception of truth, soon by means of rational light the thought of truth, thus decision and conclusion, which as it passes thence into the memory, also passes into the life, and so remains.

 

This is the way of all enlightenment in the Word, and also the way of reformation and regeneration of man. But first the memory must needs have knowledges both of spiritual and natural things, for these are the stores into which the Lord operates by means of the light of heaven, and the fuller these are and freer from confirmed falsities, the more enlightened is the perception given and the clearer the conclusion.

 

For the Divine operation does not fall into a man who is empty and void, as for example one who does not know that the Lord is pure love and pure mercy, good itself, and truth itself, and that love itself and good itself are such in their essence that they cannot do evil to anyone, neither be angry nor revengeful; or who does not know that the Word in the sense of the letter is written in many places from appearances. Such a man cannot be enlightened by the Word Ö (DE VERBO 12)

 

Are you willing to substitute ìthe Writingsî where it says ìthe Wordî in the above passage? Try it and see what objections come up in your mind. Are these objections confirmed in your mind as a thesis or doctrine, or are they a merely a vague reaction of unease due to assumptions acquired in the past from somewhere?

 

In my case I can tell you that I have no such objections because it is something I automatically and spontaneously started doing the minute I was confirmed in my mind that the Writings are the Word of the Lord in His Second Coming. The very first time I started reading the Writings around age 40 it never occurred to me to doubt anything about it as I was proceeding. The same experience is true for my wife who was reading some other volume on another chair in the room. From a logical point of view it doesnít make sense to say ìThis is the Wordî and then a minute later to say ìBut I cannot substitute ìthe Writingsî where it says ìthe Word.î All sorts of objections can be raised but none of them must be allowed to lead to less certitude that the Writings are the Word.

 

One type of reasoning that gives temptations is this: In many places it is obvious that the Writings are referring to the Old Testament when referring to ìthe Wordî since it then goes on to discuss some verses in the Old Testament (xx). Similarly with places where the Writings say ìthe Wordî and clearly refer to the New Testament as it goes on to discuss some NT verses. (xx). This is entirely correct. Nevertheless, one must not from this draw the conclusion that therefore only that Testament is meant!

 

It is a logical point. To say that the Writings is referring to the Old Testament does not mean that the deeper meaning does not apply to the New Testament or to the Writings. Consider this idea: Whenever the Writings refer to ìthe Wordî the statement applies to all three portions of the Word. This makes total sense! We know from the Writings that the Word in the literal contains infinite things and only some of those can be extracted by the human race to eternity (AC 4383). This is what it means to say that the Word is Divine Truth for this is infinite (xx). Whenever the Writings refers to the Word the Lord is saying something to us about the totality of His Word, in all three portions: The Hebrew Word, the Greek Word, and the Latin Word; or, the Old Testament, the New Testament, and the Third Testament.

 

And I can tell you that the minute any New Church mind in formation begins to read the Writings through this new, more interior perspective, you will IMMEDIATELY perceive the difference by what you can now see that you didnít see before!

 

Therefore let us get back to the quote above and summarize the passage in the following six propositions:

 

(1) ìENLIGHTENMENT BY MEANS OF THE WORDî

This means that the New Church mind is enlightened when reading and studying the Writings.

 

(2) ìEvery man who is in the spiritual affection of truth, that is, who loves truth itself because it is truth, is enlightened by the Lord when he reads the Word; but not the man who reads it from mere natural affection of truth, which is called the desire of knowing.î

 

This means that when reading the Writings, it is the Lord Himself who is enlightening us. This fits with what the Writings say in numerous places that the Word is the Lord Himself (LORD 2). Note that this enlightenment does not yet happen before our reformation since until that time we read the Writings out of a desire for knowing. We do this fro many reasons: for example, it is required for a course in which we want to excel, or, to please a parent or teacher or minister; or, because we see it as part of the tradition of knowledge; and many other reasons. But at our reformation in adulthood we have a new motive for reading the Writings, and this motive is the spiritual affection we have for it since we worship the letter of the Writings as the Lord Himself, just as the angels do (xx).

 

(3) ìWith this man and with no other, the spiritual mind is opened, and so far as it is opened, the light of heaven enters, from which light is all enlightenment in the Word.î

 

This means that when we read the Writings as the Word our spiritual mind is opened and we receive into it perception from the angels who are with us while we read the Writings. This is what I said above, that you will experience an IMMEDIATE change in what you see in the Writings when you begin reading it in the new way, that is, applying to the Writings everything that is said in it about ìthe Word.î

 

(4) ìFor man then has a will for good, and this will, when it is determined to that use, becomes in the understanding first the affection of truth, then the perception of truth, soon by means of rational light the thought of truth, thus decision and conclusion, which as it passes thence into the memory, also passes into the life, and so remains.î

 

This means that when we read what it says about the Word as applying to the Writings, the new perception of truth in our spiritual mind, descends into our rational consciousness in full awareness so that we can think and reason at that spiritual level about our everyday activities. Our willing and thinking moment by moment all day long is changes because of this new perception in the Writings. This new meaning is a more interior truth we could not see before, and it now forms the Doctrine in our mind. This new Doctrine in our mind is more interior and spiritual than what it was before. And as a result the Lord can implant in it higher good, celestial good, for this can exist only in interior rational truths. Thus we make progress in our regeneration.

 

(5) ìThis is the way of all enlightenment in the Word, and also the way of reformation and regeneration of man. But first the memory must needs have knowledges both of spiritual and natural things, for these are the stores into which the Lord operates by means of the light of heaven, and the fuller these are and freer from confirmed falsities, the more enlightened is the perception given and the clearer the conclusion.î

 

This means that our reformation and regeneration can progress only to the extent that we are enlightened when reading the Writings and can see deeper spiritual truths that we internalize as our Doctrine in the mind and from which we then change our willing and thinking all day long. It says that ìfirst the memory must needs have knowledges both of spiritual and natural things.î We cannot be enlightened as soon as we start reading the Writings. We must first accumulate sufficient knowledge from its natural and spiritual scientifics. The natural scientifics of the Writings refer to the Memorable Relations, the scientific facts and illustrations, and Earths in the Universe, the details about the resuscitation of the dead, and some others. The spiritual scientifics refer to correspondences, discrete degrees, the Laws of Divine Providence and Permissions, the details about influx, and some others. Once these natural and spiritual scientifics are in our memory, they remain there and are continued to be built up until reformation. At this point these scientifics in our mind become ìstores into which the Lord operates by means of the light of heaven.î This starts us on the road of enlightenment and consequent regeneration by the Lord through the Writings .

 

(6) ìthe Lord is pure love and pure mercy, good itself, and truth itself, and that love itself and good itself are such in their essence that they cannot do evil to anyone, neither be angry nor revengeful; or who does not know that the Word in the sense of the letter is written in many places from appearances. Such a man cannot be enlightened by the Word ì

 

This means that our enlightenment is proportional to the extent to which we shun whatever is not from the Lord, that is, whatever is not pure, in our daily willing and thinking. We can read and study the Writings as the Word and be enlightened while we read since we are then imbued with an affection for it as the Lord. This has happened to me numerous times. But ask my wife whether I was still imbued with such an affection a few minutes later when I laid down the Book and busied myself with the activities and with interacting with her. All of a sudden I was back ìthe old me,î acting out the impure things in my willing and thinking. The statement above did not apply to me--ìcannot do evil to anyone, neither be angry nor revengefulîófor I did do evil to my neighbor, and did get angry, and did have vengeful thoughts!

 

This is what happens to all of us, I assume. The change or reformation occurs only when we are actually ready to take charge of our willing and thinking as they run themselves off in our mind moment by moment, all day long. And there is no other logical way of doing this without monitoring the moment by moment flow of our thinking and willing. (See Chapter 9)

 

2. OT And NT Through The Perspective Of The Writings

 

If we could be saved by the Old and New Testaments then the Writings were not necessary! The salvation of the New Church mind depends on the Word of the Writings, not the Word of the Old Testament or the Word of the New Testament. When the New Church mind reads the Old and New Testaments it reads them only through the perspective of the Writings. If you read the Old and New Testaments as do those of the Old Christian Church, can you be of the New Church? Clearly, then, the Word of the Writings must be the exclusive authority for the New Church mind. The New Church is the Crown of Churches and is to last forever:

 

As we have now one God in the church, who is God Man and Man God, this church is called the crown of all the churches. (INV 43)

 

These are evidences that this has been granted for the sake of the New Church, which is the crown of all the churches, and which will endure forever. Being in the spiritual world, seeing the wonderful things of heaven, and the miserable things of hell; and being there in the very light of the Lord in which are the angels, surpasses all miracles. Evidences that I am there, may be seen in abundance in my books. (INV 39)

 

There have been four periods, or successive states, of each church, which in the Word are meant by "morning," "day," "evening," and "night."

(Ö)

After these things, from good elevated to Himself, He founds a new heaven, and from the evil removed from Himself, a new hell; and in both He establishes order, so that they may stand under His auspices and under obedience to Him to eternity; and then through this new heaven He successively inaugurates and establishes a new church on earth. (CORONIS 0)

 

Many other passages say similar things (e.g., AR 68, 73; TCR 786-788; AE 91-92; and others). You can see from these considerations that there is not going to be an endless procession of Churches in the evolution of our race. There are a definite number of steps or phases through which the Lord brings the human race, so that He might complete His creation, which is that we become celestial minds capable of living in His New Heavens. The New Church is the Crown of Churches or civilizations because it is the last, hence it is said of it that ìit will endure forever.î There is not going to be a decline of the New Church as there was with the prior Churches. Therefore there is not going to be another new Word to replace the Writings. For additional discussion on this point with more citations from the Writings, see the beginning of Chapter 7 and Chapter 8 Section 3 (just above).

 

The benefits for the New Church mind of physical and mental disciplines are to foster our ability to cooperate with the Lord in our required regeneration. This is the motive that makes the discipline spiritual. An excellent mental discipline in my view is the rational analysis of our cultural environmentósocial, religious, philosophical, political, and pop (ìentertainmentî). Everything we are exposed to as ìconsumersî needs to be deconstructed to examine the hierarchy of components within it. This article has presented various illustrations regarding the deconstruction of nondualist concepts in Western thinking. I believe this process should be applied to all that is around us, about which the Lord says ìYou are in this world but not of this worldî (John 15:19; 17:14).

 

This mental discipline of rational deconstruction is also appropriate to apply to the nonduality of science today. Every scientific concept we learn should be decontextualized from material monism and recontextualized in terms of substantive dualism (see Note 1 at end). In my view it could be harmful to let scientific assumptions sit in our mind without infusing them with natural/spiritual dualism. I understand that the Academy of the New Church gives courses in such matters and the Church regularly encourages the publication of literature that favors the development of this dualism in science. A consistent and outstanding example of this effort can be found in the pages of the journal New Philosophy published by the Swedenborg Scientific Association. But merely reading articles is insufficient. To create a discipline for ourselves we need to recontextualize the monist or nondual attitude that comes within all science concepts we acquire.

 

3. The Daily Study Of The Writings Is Necessary For Regeneration

 

A crucial mental discipline for the New Church mind is the daily study of the Writings. There is not a substitute for better developing the natural-rational mind. This study and the ensuing knowledge is called the ìscientificsî of the Word and is not yet spiritual because it is in the external rational mind (AC 5117, 5951, 9103). Our accumulating knowledge of the Heavenly Doctrines becomes spiritual as we use the ideas and concepts we acquire from the Writings in motivating and ordering our every day life activities. To the extent that this is done, to that extent the ideas from the Writings in our external mind become suitable ìvesselsî for containing more and more interior ideas, received from the angels who descend into our interior-natural mind (AC 9394, 3321, 3508; NJHD 51). Studying the Writings as a mental discipline is very different from knowing various things about the New Church through socialization and congregational worship. Daily self-study of the Writings when done as a discipline is in addition to normal religious activities and Church participation. It involves similar ìschoolî activities as studying biology or art history, namely:

 

q       reading systematically from the Writings

q       analyzing sentences for deeper comprehension

q       keeping notes

q       making applications to our actions

q       cumulating the knowledge and integrating it to hold together

q       collating and contrasting passages

q       resolving apparent contradictions through context

q       making up summary diagrams, tables, and lists

q       constructing a comprehension theory that strives towards more and more integration and inclusion

q       and other like things.

 

Without these scholarly activities, merely reading the Writings for familiarity or loyalty does not constitute a mental discipline (though itís also a good thing to do in its own right!).

 

WITHOUT DOCTRINE, THE WORD IS UNINTELLIGIBLE. This is because the Word in the sense of the Letter consists of pure correspondences, so designed that spiritual and celestial things may be simultaneously in it, and that every word of it may contain them and serve as their basis. For this reason in some places in the sense of the Letter truths are not unveiled but veiled, and being so, they are called appearances of truth. (SE 51)

 

Consider this paragraph again, but this time substituting ìthe Writingsî where it says ìthe Word.î This technique is discussed Chapter 8 in Section 4):

 

WITHOUT DOCTRINE, THE WRITINGS IS UNINTELLIGIBLE. This is because the Writings in the sense of the Letter consists of pure correspondences, so designed that spiritual and celestial things may be simultaneously in it, and that every word of it may contain them and serve as their basis. For this reason in some places in the sense of the Letter truths are not unveiled but veiled, and being so, they are called appearances of truth. (SE 51)

 

I should mention that a search facility such as NewSearch can be most helpful in building up the Doctrine of the Church and the Doctrine of Life in our mind. New Search is available on CD or on the Web at www.theheavenlydoctrines.org/ An approach that I have found very effective is to create a notebook or word processing file that lists various topics Iím interested in and beneath each, various citation numbers to the Writings with a sentence or two of explanation for each citation or group of citations. When Bishop Pendletonís notes were published by the General Church it became apparent that he used this technique long before the existence of online search facilities (see Chapter 7, Section 5). The book was called Topics and has an index. It is an incisive book that creates topical applications of the Writings to intellectual modernity. I believe that every regenerating New Church person can greatly benefit by keeping a cumulative ìTopicsî book over the years. What a nice thing also for our children to inherit as a family study book to which they can contribute.

 

Since every individual is unique from birth to eternity, every one therefore has a unique intellectual and spiritual contribution to make to the entire race forever. This is the source of the ever increasing perfection of the Grand Human or Universal Heaven. (HH 71) Therefore we each want to make our own contribution and this is facilitated by systematic and cumulative scholarly study of the Writings. Of course, such contribution is accompanied by experiencing bliss. All that is required that we do it as a spiritual discipline according to the Doctrine of Life in our mind.

 

I can share a few strategies that I have learned to use with a search facility. I daily use public Web search enginesóthe most effective is google.comóas well as New Search on my computer. Let me give an illustration. I wrote down the topic Discrete Degrees in my notebook or word processor file. Then I typed ìdiscrete degreesî (using the quotes) in the search window and got nothing. I immediately knew itís because I mistyped the query. I correct it and hit the Enter key. About 25 results show in the window. I run my eyes up and down and note that DLW dominates, with just a few from LJP and one or two others. This tells me that DLW gives a more systematic and substantial discussion of discrete degrees.

 

My strategy next is to start with the earliest number in DLW. I read it and decide to copy it, or parts of it, and paste it into my Topics file. I make sure I note its citation (book and number). I also type any new understanding that comes with reading the paragraph. I then. Sometimes I want to click on the Next or Previous button, or else I go on the next number in the sequence of the search results.

 

As I continue doing this, the thought strikes me: ìHow is it possible that not a single reference is made to AC? I decide this puzzle must be solved. I type in a note so I can finish the DLW series later (I found this little detail to be very important!). I change the search query: Instead of ìdiscrete degreesî I type discrete, hit Enter, look at the results, and note that I get a lot more references and that some of them include AC numbers. This makes sense. Now I change the query again and type discrete near degrees, and hit Enter. I note that that proximity marker for ìNearî is set a 3 words. This time I get about 25 results and they appear the same as before with the query ìdiscrete degrees.î I conclude that many number contain the phrase ìdiscrete degreesî but others use a somewhat different phrase, yet I expect them to be relevant to the topic.

 

I type in the query discrete and degrees once more, hit Enter, and scroll to the first entry of AC and click on it. And so on with the other entries. I confirm my hypothesis as in this selection: ìBut degrees of height, which proceed from inmosts to outermosts, or from highest to lowest, are not continuous, but discrete.î (AC 10181)

 

I will give a second search illustration. Topic: Levels of thinking (and intellect)

 

  1. I type in the word intellectual, and hit Enter. Scrolling down, I see a long list of results.
  2. I continue typing: and rational, and hit Enter. I see a long list of results.
  3. I continue typing: and natural, and hit Enter. The list still looks long.
  4. I continue typing: and sensuous, hit Enter. This time the results are down to about 20.
  5. I inspect the list of results and note they are all from AC. I select the earliest number and read it. I select, copy, and paste into my file anything that I want to retain specifically. I make sure I mark where a skip some text using three dots Ö and a space on either side.
  6. I continue the list of results by selecting the next number.
  7. If I stop before completing, I make a note in my file so I can pick up again later.

 

Even if you donít write articles or sermons this exercise is highly recommended. Every New Church mind strives to be an expert scholar in the Writings. This is why itís called to love the Writings. Since the Writings are the Lord in the Word of His Second Coming, it is the Lord we love when we love the Writings. And if we neglect the Writings, it is the Lord whom we avoid. And of course when you have children you want to be able to teach them how to daily study the Writings for life. If you do it, it is easier for them to do it later in adult life when they will need it for their reformation and regeneration.

 

All dualities are unique permanent distinctions that never cease to eternity (DLW 226).

 

For such of them as believe the Word, believe it everywhere according to the letter, and not according to its interior meaning; and those who so believe cannot be in any light, for light from heaven flows in through the internal into the external. (AC 10522)

 

Studying the Writings as the Word in a systematic way is a mental discipline of utmost importance to the formation of the New Church mind. I have discovered the following method of study that has been very useful indeed and so I would highly recommend it. It consists of the substitution technique that serious students of the Writings no doubt use either unknowingly or consciously. This technique works because the dualities in the Writings are always arranged in series that are connected or correspondential. <