Review Questions:

1. What is a pseudohermaphrodite?
2. How do pseudohermaphrodites differ from true hermaphrodites?
3. What physiological problem causes some XY individuals to look and behave like normal females, despite having normal, fully functional testes? (I’m not looking for the name of the disorder, but rather why the individuals fail to develop as normal males.)
4. What type of internal reproductive anatomy develops in individuals with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS)? Why?
5. Given that they do not have ovaries, why do individuals with CAIS develop breasts at puberty?
6. What physiological problem can result in an apparent natural sex change from female to male at puberty? (Again, not the name of the disorder, but the underlying physiological abnormality.)
7. What type of internal reproductive anatomy develops in individuals with guevodoces syndrome? Why?
8. What physiological problem causes some females (XX, with ovaries) to be born with masculinized or ambiguous genitalia? (Not the name of the disorder, but rather why the genitals are at least partially masculinized.)
9. What type of internal reproductive anatomy develops in individuals with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)? Why?
10. Why is ingestion of oral contraceptives (birth control pills) during pregnancy dangerous to the developing embryo?
11. What is the most common reproductive abnormality found in premature male babies?
12. What happens if this condition is not surgically corrected before puberty? Why?